### Comment:
Explain the concept of ransomware and how it operates.

### REPLY:
Ransomware operates by encrypting the victim's files using a strong encryption algorithm. It then displays a ransom note on the victim's screen, demanding a payment in cryptocurrency to restore access to the files. The attacker usually provides a deadline, threatening to permanently delete the files if the ransom is not paid in time. To protect against ransomware, it is important to regularly backup important files, keep software up to date, and exercise caution when opening email attachments or visiting suspicious websites.