Object–subject–verb word order
In linguistic typology, object–subject–verb (OSV) or object–agent–verb (OAV) is a classification of languages, based  on whether the structure predominates in pragmatically-neutral expressions.
An example of this would be "Oranges Sam ate."

Unmarked word order

Natural languages
OSV is rarely used in unmarked sentences, those using a normal word order without emphasis. Most languages that use OSV as their default word order come from the Amazon basin, such as Xavante, Jamamadi, Apurinã, Kayabí and Nadëb. An exception to this is Mizo and its sister languages, of Kuki-Chin-Mizo languages in the Tibeto-Burman family of languages. Here is an example from Apurinã:
{| class=wikitable
|anana||nota||apa
|-
|pineapple||I||fetch
|-
|colspan=3|I fetch a pineapple
|}

British Sign Language (BSL) normally uses topic–comment structure, but its default word order when topic–comment structure is not used is OSV.

Marked word order

Various languages allow OSV word order but only in marked sentences, those that emphasise part or all of the sentence.

Arabic
Classical Arabic is generally VSO, but allows OSV in marked sentences (i.e. ones using traditional Arabic declension). For example, Verse 5 of Al-Fatiha reads:

{| class=wikitable
| 
|-
|Iyyāka naʿbudu wa-iyyāka nastaʿīn
|-
|You alone we worship, and You alone we ask for help.
|}

The construction is less used in Modern Standard Arabic, which tends not to use marked sentences, and is generally absent in the colloquial varieties of Arabic, which are generally not declined and tend to observe strict SVO order.

Chinese
Passive constructions in Chinese follow an OSV (OAV) pattern through the use of the particle 被:
{| class=wikitable
|这个||橘子||被||我||吃||掉||了
|-
|this||orange||by
|SUBJ 1SG||eat||||PERF
|-
|colspan=7|The orange experienced me eating it.
|}

English and German

In English and German, OSV appears primarily in relative clauses if the relative pronoun is the (direct or indirect) object: "What I do is my own business."

In English, OSV appears in the future tense or as a contrast with the conjunction but.

Note: The inclusion of the word "But" may be optional.

Hebrew
In Modern Hebrew, OSV is often used instead of the normal SVO to emphasise the object: while אני אוהב אותה would mean "I love her", "אותה אני אוהב" would mean "It is she whom I love". Possibly an influence of Germanic (via Yiddish), as Jewish English uses a similar construction ("You, I like, kid")—see above —much more than many other varieties of English, and often with the "but" left implicit.

Hungarian
In Hungarian, OSV emphasises the subject:

A szócikket én szerkesztettem = The article/I/edited (It was I, not somebody else, who edited the article).

Korean and Japanese 
Korean and Japanese have SOV by default, but since they are topic-prominent languages they often seem as if they were OSV when the object is topicalized.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Sentence
| colspan="9" style="text-align:left" | 그 사과는 제가 먹었어요.
|-
! Words
| 그 || 사과 || 는 || 제 || 가 || 먹 || 었 || 어 || 요
|-
! Romanization
| geu || sagwa || neun || je || ga || meok || eoss || eo || yo.
|-
! Gloss
| the/that || apple || (topic marker) || I (polite) || (sub. marker) || eat || (past) || (declarative) || (polite)
|-
! Parts
| colspan="3" | Object
| colspan="2" | Subject
| colspan="4" | Verb
|-
! Translation
| colspan="9" style="text-align:left" | As for the apple, I eat it. (or) The apple, I eat.
|}

An almost identical syntax is possible in Japanese:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Sentence
| colspan="8" style="text-align:left" | そのりんごは私が食べました。
|-
! Words
| その || りんご || は || 私 || が || 食べ || まし || た。
|-
! Romanization
| sono || ringo || wa || watashi || ga || tabe || mashi || ta.
|-
! Gloss
| the/that || apple || (topic marker) || I (polite) || (sub. marker) || eat || (polite) || (past/perfect)
|-
! Parts
| colspan="3" | Object
| colspan="2" | Subject
| colspan="3" | Verb
|-
! Translation
| colspan="8" style="text-align:left" | As for the apple, I eat it. (or) The apple, I eat.
|}

Malayalam
OSV is one of two permissible word orders in Malayalam, the other being SOV

Nahuatl
OSV emphasises the object in Nahuatl. 
{| class=wikitable
| Cah || cihuah || in || niquintlazohtla'|-
| (indicative marker) || women || (topicalization marker) || I-them-love
|-
| colspan=4|women I love them|-
| colspan=4| It is the women whom I love. 
|}

 Portuguese 

OSV is possible in Brazilian Portuguese to emphasize the object.

Turkish 
OSV is used in Turkish to emphasise the subject:

Yemeği ben pişirdim = The meal/I/cooked (It was I, not somebody else, who cooked the meal).

 See also 
Subject–object–verb
Subject–verb–object
Object–verb–subject
Verb–object–subject
Verb–subject–object
Yoda, a popular Star Wars'' character who uniquely speaks in object–subject–verb order
Yoda conditions - a style of writing conditionals in computer programming languages

References 

 
Word order