Sony NEWS
The Sony NEWS ("Network Engineering Workstation", later "NetWorkStation") is a series of Unix workstations sold during the late 1980s and 1990s. The first NEWS machine was the NWS-800, which originally appeared in Japan in January 1987 and was conceived as a desktop replacement for the VAX series of minicomputers.

History

1980s
Sony's NEWS project leader, Toshitada Doi, originally wanted to develop a computer for business applications, but his engineers wanted to develop a replacement for minicomputers running Unix that they preferred to use:

Initial development of the NEWS was completed in 1986 after only one year of development. It launched at a lower price than competitors (–16,300), and it outperformed conventional minicomputers. After a successful launch, the line expanded and the new focus for the NEWS became desktop publishing and CAD/CAM.

1990s
The Sony NEWS was unable to break into the U.S. market, where Sun Microsystems was dominant, and also did not fare well in Europe.

The NEWS platform was later used for video-on-demand applications, and for Internet server applications.

The NEWS division at Sony was dissolved in 1998.

Hardware
The Sony NEWS originally came equipped with a dual 680x0 (68020 or 68030) processor configuration running at 16-25 MHz. Later, the Sony NEWS was moved to the MIPS architecture, with MIPS III and MIPS IV microprocessors such as the R3000, R4000, R4400, R4600, R4700, and R10000. The fastest MIPS processors used in Sony NEWS workstations run at 200 MHz.

Both 680x0 and MIPS models share the same case, which has a large door covering a floppy drive and a 5.25-in expansion bay, which can house a SCSI tape or CD-ROM drive. The details of the door are slightly different: two windows for the 680x0 models, while the MIPS ones have a single large window. Also hidden by the cover are a reset button and a series of DIP switches used to configure some bootup parameters.

On the back are 3 expansion slots, one of which normally houses a video card. Underneath those are connectors for SCSI, network (an AUI connector), serial (CH0, normally used for console, and CH1), parallel, and a keyboard.

Software

NEWS-OS
Originally the Sony NEWS team had to decide which version of Unix to use: BSD or AT&T System V. The project leader was interested in the potential commercial support for System V, but the engineering team preferred BSD because it had rich networking features, including TCP/IP. Eventually BSD was chosen because they believed that computer networks would be important in the future.

NEWS-OS releases were based on three different versions of Unix:

 NEWS-OS 1.x: 4.2BSD, Shift JIS, introduced in 1987
 NEWS-OS 2.x: 4.2BSD, Shift JIS, introduced in 1987
 NEWS-OS 3.x: 4.3BSD, EUC, introduced in 1988
 NEWS-OS 4.x: 4.3BSD, EUC, introduced in 1990
 NEWS-OS 5.x: SVR4.2, EUC, introduced in 1992
 NEWS-OS 6.x: SVR4.2, EUC, introduced in 1993

Prior to NEWS-OS 3.9, all versions of NEWS-OS were released exclusively for the 680x0 series of processors. NEWS-OS 3.9 was released in both CISC ("C") versions and RISC ("R") versions, for the 680x0 and the MIPS architecture, respectively. For example, NEWS-OS 3.9 was released as  "NEWS-OS 3.9C" and "NEWS-OS 3.9R", with the same functionality in both the CISC and RISC versions. The NEWS-OS 4.x series was also released in both CISC and RISC versions.

Third-party software
Yukihiro Matsumoto originally implemented the Ruby programming language on the 4.3BSD-based NEWS-OS 3.x, but later migrated his work to SunOS 4.x, and finally to Linux. In 1999, Ruby was known to work across many different operating systems, including NEWS-OS.

See also
 EWS-UX

References

External links

 Sony History: NEWS – An Independent Venture
 SONY NEWS Series hardware specifications
 Xi FTP service software repository for NEWS-OS 6.1
 webpage about SONY NEWS 1580 webpage about Sony NEWS 1580
 FAQ on running netbsd on a SONY NEWS 68030-based (news68k) workstation. A version for the RISC version is also available.
 History for the Sony NEWS workstations

Berkeley Software Distribution
Computer workstations
MIPS architecture
Sony hardware
UNIX System V