Ruling on a woman praying Jumu‘ah
Question

My mother offers the five daily prayers and all the Sunnah prayers, including Duha and Witr, but on Friday she only prays in the Jaami‘ mosque which is approximately nine kilometres away. I advised her that it is better and more proper for a woman to pray in her house, but she insists on going to the mosque on Friday. Is there anything wrong with her going out to pray?
Praise be to Allah.There is nothing wrong with that. The Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said: “Do not prevent the female servants of Allah from going to the mosques of Allah.” So if she goes out to listen to the khutbah and learn, and she is covered, observing hijab and modest, then there is nothing wrong with that and there is no blame on her. But her house is better for her, and she may pray Zuhr at home with four rak‘ahs. But if she goes out, do not prevent her, because if she is modest and observing hijab, and it is safe for her, and she is seeking good and wants to listen to the khutbah and learn, there is nothing wrong with that and there is no blame on her, in sha Allah.
The women used to pray with the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) in his mosque, and they would attend the khutbah and Jumu‘ah prayer. Many women used to attend Jumu‘ah with the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him), so there is nothing wrong with that, but “their houses are better for them.” End quote.
Shaykh ‘Abd al-‘Azeez ibn Baaz (may Allah have mercy on him)
Fataawa Noor ‘ala ad-Darb (2/1051).