Can prayers be led by one who is suffering from urinary incontinence?
Question

                Can one who is suffering from urinary incontinence lead the prayer?.
Praise be to Allah.It is permissible for a 
    person who is suffering from urinary incontinence to lead in prayer one who 
    is similarly afflicted, but with regard to him leading a healthy man in 
    prayer, there is a difference of scholarly opinion as to whether it is 
    permissible for him to do so. 
Some scholars are of the 
    view that it is not permitted and that the prayer is invalid, and others are 
    of the view that it is permitted. 

    It says in al-Mawsoo’ah al-Fiqhiyyah (25/187): 

    The fuqaha’ are unanimously agreed that if the imam is sick 
    and suffering from incontinence, and the person praying behind him is 
    similarly afflicted, then his prayer is valid. But if the imam is sick and 
    suffering from incontinence, and the person praying behind him is healthy, 
    then there is a difference of opinion among the fuqaha’ as to whether it is 
    permissible for a sick person to lead healthy people in prayer. There are 
    two opinions: 

    1 – The view of the Hanafis and Hanbalis is that it is not 
    permissible, because those who have limitations may pray with hadath 
    (impurity) in a real sense, but the hadath in their case is regarded as if 
    it does not exist, because they need to perform their duties; this is an 
    exception which applies only to them, as the degree of necessity should not 
    be overestimated. The healthy man is in a stronger position than the one who 
    has limitations, and something strong cannot be built on something that is 
    weak. 

    2 – The view of the Maalikis and Shaafa’is is that it is 
    permissible, because their prayer is valid and does not have to be repeated, 
    and because if they are excused, others may be excused also. But the 
    Maalikis stated that it is makrooh for people with limitations to lead 
    healthy people in prayer. End quote. 

    See al-Majmoo’, 4/160 
The scholars of the 
    Standing Committee for Issuing Fatwas were asked: What is the ruling on 
    prayers being led by one who is suffering from urinary incontinence? 

    They replied: 
If a person is suffering 
    from urinary incontinence and the like, his prayer by himself is valid 
    because Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):  

    “So keep your duty to Allaah and fear Him as much as you 
    can”

    [al-Taghaabun 64:16]

    “Allaah burdens not a person beyond his scope”

    [al-Baqarah 2:286] 

    And the Prophet  (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon 
    him) said: “If I command you to do a thing, then do as much of it as you 
    can.” 

    But there is a difference of scholarly opinion concerning the 
    validity of a prayer in which such a person leads healthy people. The 
    correct view is that it is valid, but it is better for someone else who is 
    healthy to lead the prayer, so as to avoid an area of scholarly dispute. End 
    quote. 
‘Abd al-‘Azeez ibn Baaz, 
    ‘Abd al-Razzaaq ‘Afeefi, ‘Abd-Allaah ibn Qa’ood.

     Fataawa al-Lajnah al-Daa’imah, 7/397 

    Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen said in al-Sharh al-Mumti’ 
    (4/172, 173): 
His prayer – i.e., the 
    prayer of one who is suffering urinary incontinence – when led by an imam 
    who is free of this problem is valid, and his prayer when he leads another 
    who has the same problem is also valid. These are two scenarios. 

    The third scenario is when he prays as an imam leading 
    someone who is free of this problem. Some of the scholars said that his 
    prayer is not valid; if a person who is suffering from urinary incontinence 
    leads a man who is free of this problem in prayer, the prayer of the one who 
    prays behind him is invalid and his prayer is also invalid, because he 
    intended to lead in prayer one for whom it was not valid for him to lead, 
    unless he was unaware of his condition. 

    The reason why it is not valid for him to lead the prayer is 
    that the condition of the one who has urinary incontinence is inferior to 
    that of one who is free of this problem, and the condition of the one who is 
    led in prayer should not be superior to the condition of the one who is 
    leading the prayer. 

    But the correct view on this matter is that it is valid for 
    the one who is suffering from urinary incontinence to lead both a person who 
    is like him and one who is healthy. 

    The evidence for that is the general meaning of the words of 
    the Prophet  (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him): “The people 
    should be led in prayer by the one among them who has most knowledge of the 
    Book of Allaah.” This man’s prayer is valid, because he is doing what is 
    required of him, and if his prayer is valid, it follows from that that his 
    leading the prayer is also valid. 
Their view that the person who is led in 
    prayer cannot be in a better situation that the imam is refuted by the fact 
    that the prayer of one who has done wudoo’ behind one who has done tayammum 
    is valid. They say that even though the one who has done wudoo’ is in a 
    superior situation, but they say that the tahaarah of the one who has done 
    tayammum is valid. We say: the tahaarah of one who is suffering from urinary 
    incontinence is also valid. End quote.