Can he divide his estate among his heirs when he is sick?
Question

                Please advice on this particular case:

“Family Structure: Father, Mother, 5 brothers, 2 sisters (All ALIVE, married, all men are working and all women are housewives)

Scenario # 1:

Father’s Assets: Property (land etc.) and any bank balance or ornaments, etc. in his name + a property bought by the father but registered in the name of three sons.

1:

a) Inheritance distribution of father’s assets as per Shariah shall be after his death only and cannot be earlier?

b) In his life he can distribute as per his own will?

c) What if he is medically not fit for such distribution in his life?

d) And given c as above need arise to make distribution thru demand of one or all? What would be the ruling?

e) What would be the ruling for the property actually bought by the father but registered in the names of three sons?

2: If the father founded a private limited company with designated shareholding would this business be liable to distributed vide inheritance?.
Praise be to Allah.
    Firstly: 

    Distribution of the estate can only come after the death of 
    the one who is leaving it behind. This is the basic principle. The sick 
    person may live for a while and need that wealth, or one of his children may 
    die before him. 

    Secondly: 

    It is permissible for a man to divide his wealth among his 
    heirs during his lifetime when he is in good health, so long as he does not 
    intend to cause harm to some of the heirs, by withholding from some, or 
    giving some less than they are entitled to for the purpose of harming them. 

    This is regarded as a gift from him to his children, and he 
    has to treat them fairly, giving each male twice as much as each female. 

    Thirdly: 

    Gifts given during one’s final illness come under the ruling 
    on bequests and can only be given from one third of the wealth. But it is 
    not permissible to make a bequest to an heir, because the Prophet (blessings 
    and peace of Allah be upon him) said: “Allah has given each person who has 
    rights his rights, and there is no bequest to an heir.”

    (This hadeeth was classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in 
    Saheeh Abi Dawood). 

    The final illness is that in which it is thought most likely 
    that the individual will die as a result of it. See: ash-Sharh al-Mumti‘, 
    11/101 

    Fourthly: 

    If the father is sick but it is not a final illness, then 
    there is nothing wrong with asking him to divide the estate, especially as 
    this will prevent disputes in the future. 

    But if it is his final illness or an illness that is 
    affecting his understanding and decision-making, such as Alzheimer’s, then 
    no one has the right to dispose of his wealth or to ask him, when he is in 
    that state, to dispose of any part of his wealth. 

    Fifthly: 

    With regard to what the father registered in the name of some 
    of his sons, and that was a gift for no real reason, then this is favouring 
    one child over another, which is haraam. He should take it back from them or 
    give the rest of his children something similar to what he gave those sons. 
    If he dies without setting the matter straight, then those sons have to give 
    back what was registered in their names and put it with the rest of the 
    estate so that it may be divided among all the heirs. 

    If there was a reason for favouring these sons, such as if 
    they were extremely poor or sick, then this is regarded as permissible by 
    some scholars. 

    With regard to the second question, it is not clear what was 
    meant by it. Perhaps you meant that the father appointed a company to 
    distribute the inheritance. This may be based on what was said above. If the 
    father was healthy then there is nothing wrong with that. 

    And Allah knows best.