Ruling on one who enters ihraam after passing the meeqaat
Question

                This year my husband and I went for Hajj. The trip was from Abu Dhabi to Jeddah, and the captain of the airplane was not Muslim. He told us that in 45 minutes we would be in line with the meeqaat, but after that time had passed, he did not tell us that we were in line with the meeqaat, and we heard some other passengers reciting the Talbiyah. Do we have to offer a sacrifice or not?.
Praise be to Allah.If you entered ihraam after you passed the meeqaat, then you have to sacrifice one sheep on behalf of 
    yourself and another on behalf of your wife, to be slaughtered in Makkah and 
    the meat distributed to the poor there. 
It says in al-Mawsoo’ah 
    al-Fiqhiyyah (22/140): 
If a person passes the 
    meeqaat without entering ihraam, then he must go back to it and enter ihraam 
    from there if he can. If he goes back and enters ihraam from there, then he 
    does not have to offer a sacrifice, according to scholarly consensus, 
    because he entered ihraam from the meeqaat from which he was enjoined to do 
    so. 
But if he passed the 
    meeqaat and then entered ihraam, he must offer a sacrifice, whether he went 
    back to the meeqaat or not. This is according to the Maalikis and Hanbalis. 
    End quote. 
Shaykh Ibn Baaz (may Allaah 
    have mercy on him) was asked: what is the ruling on passing the meeqaat for 
    Hajj or ‘Umrah? 
He replied: 
It is not permissible for 
    the Muslim who wants to do Hajj or ‘Umrah to pass the meeqaat that he passes 
    through without entering ihraam. 
If he passes it without 
    entering ihraam, then he must go back to it and enter ihraam from there. 
If he fails to do that and 
    enters ihraam from a place that is within the boundary or closer to Makkah, 
    then he must offer a sacrifice according to many of the scholars, to be 
    slaughtered in Makkah and distributed to the poor, because he failed to do 
    an obligatory action, which is entering ihraam from the proper meeqaat as 
    prescribed in sharee’ah. End quote. 
Majmoo’ Fataawa Ibn Baaz 
    (17/9). 
Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen (may 
    Allaah have mercy on him) was asked: I travelled by plane from Riyadh to 
    Jeddah with the intention of doing ‘Umrah, then the pilot announced that 
    after twenty five minutes we would be passing over the meeqaat, but I missed 
    the time of passing over the meeqaat by four or five minutes, and I 
    completed the rituals of ‘Umrah. What is the ruling? 
He replied: 
The ruling according to 
    what the scholars have said is that the questioner must sacrifice a sheep in 
    Makkah and distribute the meat to the poor; if he cannot afford that, then 
    Allaah does not burden any person beyond his scope. 
But I advise my brothers: 
    if the pilot announces that there are twenty five minutes or ten minutes, 
    they should enter ihraam, because some people sleep after that announcement 
    and doe not realize it until the plane is approaching Jeddah. If you enter 
    ihraam twenty five or fifteen minutes before reaching the meeqaat, or an 
    hour or two hours beforehand, there is nothing wrong with that, rather what 
    is wrong is delaying entering ihraam until one has passed the meeqaat. Five 
    minutes in a plane covers a long distance. 
So I say to the brother who 
    asked this question: sacrifice one fidyah in Makkah and distribute it to the 
    poor on behalf of each of you who did not enter ihraam until after the 
    meeqaat, but in the future, pay attention when the pilot makes the 
    announcement. The matter is broad in scope, so enter ihraam, and even if you 
    fall asleep after that it will not matter. End quote. 
Al-Liqa’ al-Shahri, 
    no. 56, question no. 4 
And Allaah knows best.