Minimum Fuel Cost to Report to the Capital
<p>There is a tree (i.e., a connected, undirected graph with no cycles) structure country network consisting of <code>n</code> cities numbered from <code>0</code> to <code>n - 1</code> and exactly <code>n - 1</code> roads. The capital city is city <code>0</code>. You are given a 2D integer array <code>roads</code> where <code>roads[i] = [a<sub>i</sub>, b<sub>i</sub>]</code> denotes that there exists a <strong>bidirectional road</strong> connecting cities <code>a<sub>i</sub></code> and <code>b<sub>i</sub></code>.</p>

<p>There is a meeting for the representatives of each city. The meeting is in the capital city.</p>

<p>There is a car in each city. You are given an integer <code>seats</code> that indicates the number of seats in each car.</p>

<p>A representative can use the car in their city to travel or change the car and ride with another representative. The cost of traveling between two cities is one liter of fuel.</p>

<p>Return <em>the minimum number of liters of fuel to reach the capital city</em>.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong class="example">Example 1:</strong></p>
<img alt="" src="https://assets.leetcode.com/uploads/2022/09/22/a4c380025e3ff0c379525e96a7d63a3.png" style="width: 303px; height: 332px;" />
<pre>
<strong>Input:</strong> roads = [[0,1],[0,2],[0,3]], seats = 5
<strong>Output:</strong> 3
<strong>Explanation:</strong> 
- Representative<sub>1</sub> goes directly to the capital with 1 liter of fuel.
- Representative<sub>2</sub> goes directly to the capital with 1 liter of fuel.
- Representative<sub>3</sub> goes directly to the capital with 1 liter of fuel.
It costs 3 liters of fuel at minimum. 
It can be proven that 3 is the minimum number of liters of fuel needed.
</pre>

<p><strong class="example">Example 2:</strong></p>
<img alt="" src="https://assets.leetcode.com/uploads/2022/11/16/2.png" style="width: 274px; height: 340px;" />
<pre>
<strong>Input:</strong> roads = [[3,1],[3,2],[1,0],[0,4],[0,5],[4,6]], seats = 2
<strong>Output:</strong> 7
<strong>Explanation:</strong> 
- Representative<sub>2</sub> goes directly to city 3 with 1 liter of fuel.
- Representative<sub>2</sub> and representative<sub>3</sub> go together to city 1 with 1 liter of fuel.
- Representative<sub>2</sub> and representative<sub>3</sub> go together to the capital with 1 liter of fuel.
- Representative<sub>1</sub> goes directly to the capital with 1 liter of fuel.
- Representative<sub>5</sub> goes directly to the capital with 1 liter of fuel.
- Representative<sub>6</sub> goes directly to city 4 with 1 liter of fuel.
- Representative<sub>4</sub> and representative<sub>6</sub> go together to the capital with 1 liter of fuel.
It costs 7 liters of fuel at minimum. 
It can be proven that 7 is the minimum number of liters of fuel needed.
</pre>

<p><strong class="example">Example 3:</strong></p>
<img alt="" src="https://assets.leetcode.com/uploads/2022/09/27/efcf7f7be6830b8763639cfd01b690a.png" style="width: 108px; height: 86px;" />
<pre>
<strong>Input:</strong> roads = [], seats = 1
<strong>Output:</strong> 0
<strong>Explanation:</strong> No representatives need to travel to the capital city.
</pre>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>

<ul>
	<li><code>1 &lt;= n &lt;= 10<sup>5</sup></code></li>
	<li><code>roads.length == n - 1</code></li>
	<li><code>roads[i].length == 2</code></li>
	<li><code>0 &lt;= a<sub>i</sub>, b<sub>i</sub> &lt; n</code></li>
	<li><code>a<sub>i</sub> != b<sub>i</sub></code></li>
	<li><code>roads</code> represents a valid tree.</li>
	<li><code>1 &lt;= seats &lt;= 10<sup>5</sup></code></li>
</ul>

['binary-tree-postorder-traversal']
[]
[{"value": "cpp", "text": "C++", "defaultCode": "class Solution {\npublic:\n    long long minimumFuelCost(vector<vector<int>>& roads, int seats) {\n        \n    }\n};"}, {"value": "java", "text": "Java", "defaultCode": "class Solution {\n    public long minimumFuelCost(int[][] roads, int seats) {\n        \n    }\n}"}, {"value": "python", "text": "Python", "defaultCode": "class Solution(object):\n    def minimumFuelCost(self, roads, seats):\n        \"\"\"\n        :type roads: List[List[int]]\n        :type seats: int\n        :rtype: int\n        \"\"\"\n        "}, {"value": "python3", "text": "Python3", "defaultCode": "class Solution:\n    def minimumFuelCost(self, roads: List[List[int]], seats: int) -> int:\n        "}, {"value": "c", "text": "C", "defaultCode": "long long minimumFuelCost(int** roads, int roadsSize, int* roadsColSize, int seats) {\n    \n}"}, {"value": "csharp", "text": "C#", "defaultCode": "public class Solution {\n    public long MinimumFuelCost(int[][] roads, int seats) {\n        \n    }\n}"}, {"value": "javascript", "text": "JavaScript", "defaultCode": "/**\n * @param {number[][]} roads\n * @param {number} seats\n * @return {number}\n */\nvar minimumFuelCost = function(roads, seats) {\n    \n};"}, {"value": "typescript", "text": "TypeScript", "defaultCode": "function minimumFuelCost(roads: number[][], seats: number): number {\n    \n};"}, {"value": "php", "text": "PHP", "defaultCode": "class Solution {\n\n    /**\n     * @param Integer[][] $roads\n     * @param Integer $seats\n     * @return Integer\n     */\n    function minimumFuelCost($roads, $seats) {\n        \n    }\n}"}, {"value": "swift", "text": "Swift", "defaultCode": "class Solution {\n    func minimumFuelCost(_ roads: [[Int]], _ seats: Int) -> Int {\n        \n    }\n}"}, {"value": "kotlin", "text": "Kotlin", "defaultCode": "class Solution {\n    fun minimumFuelCost(roads: Array<IntArray>, seats: Int): Long {\n        \n    }\n}"}, {"value": "dart", "text": "Dart", "defaultCode": "class Solution {\n  int minimumFuelCost(List<List<int>> roads, int seats) {\n    \n  }\n}"}, {"value": "golang", "text": "Go", "defaultCode": "func minimumFuelCost(roads [][]int, seats int) int64 {\n    \n}"}, {"value": "ruby", "text": "Ruby", "defaultCode": "# @param {Integer[][]} roads\n# @param {Integer} seats\n# @return {Integer}\ndef minimum_fuel_cost(roads, seats)\n    \nend"}, {"value": "scala", "text": "Scala", "defaultCode": "object Solution {\n    def minimumFuelCost(roads: Array[Array[Int]], seats: Int): Long = {\n        \n    }\n}"}, {"value": "rust", "text": "Rust", "defaultCode": "impl Solution {\n    pub fn minimum_fuel_cost(roads: Vec<Vec<i32>>, seats: i32) -> i64 {\n        \n    }\n}"}, {"value": "racket", "text": "Racket", "defaultCode": "(define/contract (minimum-fuel-cost roads seats)\n  (-> (listof (listof exact-integer?)) exact-integer? exact-integer?)\n  )"}, {"value": "erlang", "text": "Erlang", "defaultCode": "-spec minimum_fuel_cost(Roads :: [[integer()]], Seats :: integer()) -> integer().\nminimum_fuel_cost(Roads, Seats) ->\n  ."}, {"value": "elixir", "text": "Elixir", "defaultCode": "defmodule Solution do\n  @spec minimum_fuel_cost(roads :: [[integer]], seats :: integer) :: integer\n  def minimum_fuel_cost(roads, seats) do\n    \n  end\nend"}]
{
  "name": "minimumFuelCost",
  "params": [
    {
      "name": "roads",
      "type": "integer[][]"
    },
    {
      "type": "integer",
      "name": "seats"
    }
  ],
  "return": {
    "type": "long"
  }
}
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['Tree', 'Depth-First Search', 'Breadth-First Search', 'Graph']