IN FULFILLING my duty to report upon the State of the Union, I am proud to say to you that the spirit of the American people was never higher than it is today—the Union was never more closely knit together—this country was never more deeply determined to face the solemn tasks before it. The response of the American people has been instantaneous, and it will be sustained until our security is assured. Exactly one year ago today I said to this Congress: "When the dictators. . . are ready to make war upon us, they will not wait for an act of war on our part. . . . They—not we—will choose the time and the place and the method of their attack." We now know their choice of the time: a peaceful Sunday morning— December 7, 1941. We know their choice of the place: an American outpost in the Pacific. We know their choice of the method: the method of Hitler himself. Japan's scheme of conquest goes back half a century. It was not merely a policy of seeking living room: it was a plan which included the subjugation of all the peoples in the Far East and in the islands of the Pacific, and the domination of that ocean by Japanese military and naval control of the western coasts of North, Central, and South America. The development of this ambitious conspiracy was marked by the war against China in 1894; the subsequent occupation of Korea; the war against Russia in 1904; the illegal fortification of the mandated Pacific islands following 1920; the seizure of Manchuria in 1931; and the invasion of China in 1937. A similar policy of criminal conquest was adopted by Italy. The Fascists first revealed their imperial designs in Libya and Tripoli. In 1935 they seized Abyssinia. Their goal was the domination of all North Africa, Egypt, parts of France, and the entire Mediterranean world. But the dreams of empire of the Japanese and Fascist leaders were modest in comparison with the gargantuan aspirations of Hitler and his Nazis. Even before they came to power in 1933, their plans for that conquest had been drawn. Those plans provided for ultimate domination, not of any one section of the world, but of the whole earth and all the oceans on it. When Hitler organized his Berlin-Rome-Tokyo alliance, all these plans of conquest became a single plan. Under this, in addition to her own schemes of conquest, Japan's role was obviously to cut off our supply of weapons of war to Britain, and Russia and China- weapons which increasingly were speeding the day of Hitler's doom. The act of Japan at Pearl Harbor was intended to stun us—to terrify us to such an extent that we would divert our industrial and military strength to the Pacific area, or even to our own continental defense. The plan has failed in its purpose. We have not been stunned. We have not been terrified or confused. This very reassembling of the Seventy-seventh Congress today is proof of that; for the mood of quiet, grim resolution which here prevails bodes ill for those who conspired and collaborated to murder world peace. That mood is stronger than any mere desire for revenge. It expresses the will of the American people to make very certain that the world will never so suffer again. Admittedly, we have been faced with hard choices. It was bitter, for example, not to be able to relieve the heroic and historic defenders of Wake Island. It was bitter for us not to be able to land a million men in a thousand ships in the Philippine Islands. But this adds only to our determination to see to it that the Stars and Stripes will fly again over Wake and Guam. Yes, see to it that the brave people of the Philippines will be rid of Japanese imperialism; and will live in freedom, security, and independence. Powerful and offensive actions must and will be taken in proper time. The consolidation of the United Nations' total war effort against our common enemies is being achieved. That was and is the purpose of conferences which have been held during the past two weeks in Washington, and Moscow and Chungking. That is the primary objective of the declaration of solidarity signed in Washington on January 1, 1942, by 26 Nations united against the Axis powers. Difficult choices may have to be made in the months to come. We do not shrink from such decisions. We and those united with us will make those decisions with courage and determination. Plans have been laid here and in the other capitals for coordinated and cooperative action by all the United Nations—military action and economic action. Already we have established, as you know, unified command of land, sea, and air forces in the southwestern Pacific theater of war. There will be a continuation of conferences and consultations among military staffs, so that the plans and operations of each will fit into the general strategy designed to crush the enemy. We shall not fight isolated wars—each Nation going its own way. These 26 Nations are united-not in spirit and determination alone, but in the broad conduct of the war in all its phases. For the first time since the Japanese and the Fascists and the Nazis started along their blood-stained course of conquest they now face the fact that superior forces are assembling against them. Gone forever are the days when the aggressors could attack and destroy their victims one by one without unity of resistance. We of the United Nations will so dispose our forces that we can strike at the common enemy wherever the greatest damage can be done him. The militarists of Berlin and Tokyo started this war. But the massed, angered forces of common humanity will finish it. Destruction of the material and spiritual centers of civilization-this has been and still is the purpose of Hitler and his Italian and Japanese chessmen. They would wreck the power of the British Commonwealth and Russia and China and the Netherlands—and then combine all their forces to achieve their ultimate goal, the conquest of the United States. They know that victory for us means victory for freedom. They know that victory for us means victory for the institution of democracy— the ideal of the family, the simple principles of common decency and humanity. They know that victory for us means victory for religion. And they could not tolerate that. The world is too small to provide adequate "living room" for both Hitler and God. In proof of that, the Nazis have now announced their plan for enforcing their new German, pagan religion all over the world—a plan by which the Holy Bible and the Cross of Mercy would be displaced by Mein Kampf and the swastika and the naked sword. Our own objectives are clear; the objective of smashing the militarism imposed by war lords upon their enslaved peoples the objective of liberating the subjugated Nations—the objective of establishing and securing freedom of speech, freedom of religion, freedom from want, and freedom from fear everywhere in the world. We shall not stop short of these objectives—nor shall we be satisfied merely to gain them and then call it a day. I know that I speak for the American people- and I have good reason to believe that I speak also for all the other peoples who fight with us—when I say that this time we are determined not only to win the war, but also to maintain the security of the peace that will follow. But we know that modern methods of warfare make it a task, not only of shooting and fighting, but an even more urgent one of working and producing. Victory requires the actual weapons of war and the means of transporting them to a dozen points of combat. It will not be sufficient for us and the other United Nations to produce a slightly superior supply of munitions to that of Germany, Japan, Italy, and the stolen industries in the countries which they have overrun. The superiority of the United Nations in munitions and ships must be overwhelming—so overwhelming that the Axis Nations can never hope to catch up with it. And so, in order to attain this overwhelming superiority the United States must build planes and tanks and guns and ships to the utmost limit of our national capacity. We have the ability and capacity to produce arms not only for our own forces, but also for the armies, navies, and air forces fighting on our side. And our overwhelming superiority of armament must be adequate to put weapons of war at the proper time into the hands of those men in the conquered Nations who stand ready to seize the first opportunity to revolt against their German and Japanese oppressors, and against the traitors in their own ranks, known by the already infamous name of "Quislings." And I think that it is a fair prophecy to say that, as we get guns to the patriots in those lands, they too will fire shots heard 'round the world. This production of ours in the United States must be raised far above present levels, even though it will mean the dislocation of the lives and occupations of millions of our own people. We must raise our sights all along the production line. Let no man say it cannot be done. It must be done—and we have undertaken to do it. I have just sent a letter of directive to the appropriate departments and agencies of our Government, ordering that immediate steps be taken: First, to increase our production rate of airplanes so rapidly that in this year, 1942, we shall produce 60,000 planes, 10,000 more than the goal that we set a year and a half ago. This includes 45,000 combat planes- bombers, dive bombers, pursuit planes. The rate of increase will be maintained and continued so that next year, 1943, we shall produce 125,000 airplanes, including 100,000 combat planes. Second, to increase our production rate of tanks so rapidly that in this year, 1942, we shall produce 45,000 tanks; and to continue that increase so that next year, 1943, we shall produce 75,000 tanks. Third, to increase our production rate of anti-aircraft guns so rapidly that in this year, 1942, we shall produce 20,000 of them; and to continue that increase so that next year, 1943, we shall produce 35,000 anti-aircraft guns. And fourth, to increase our production rate of merchant ships so rapidly that in this year, 1942, we shall build 6,000,000 deadweight tons as compared with a 1941 completed production of 1,100,000. And finally, we shall continue that increase so that next year, 1943, we shall build 10,000,000 tons of shipping. These figures and similar figures for a multitude of other implements of war will give the Japanese and the Nazis a little idea of just what they accomplished in the attack at Pearl Harbor. And I rather hope that all these figures which I have given will become common knowledge in Germany and Japan. Our task is hard- our task is unprecedented—and the time is short. We must strain every existing armament-producing facility to the utmost. We must convert every available plant and tool to war production. That goes all the way from the greatest plants to the smallest—from the huge automobile industry to the village machine shop. Production for war is based on men and women—the human hands and brains which collectively we call Labor. Our workers stand ready to work long hours; to turn out more in a day's work; to keep the wheels turning and the fires burning twenty-four hours a day, and seven days a week. They realize well that on the speed and efficiency of their work depend the lives of their sons and their brothers on the fighting fronts. Production for war is based on metals and raw materials-steel, copper, rubber, aluminum, zinc, tin. Greater and greater quantities of them will have to be diverted to war purposes. Civilian use of them will have to be cut further and still further —and, in many cases, completely eliminated. War costs money. So far, we have hardly even begun to pay for it. We have devoted only 15 percent of our national income to national defense. As will appear in my Budget Message tomorrow,  our war program for the coming fiscal year will cost 56 billion dollars or, in other words, more than half of the estimated annual national income. That means taxes and bonds and bonds and taxes. It means cutting luxuries and other non-essentials. In a word, it means an "all-out" war by individual effort and family effort in a united country. Only this all-out scale of production will hasten the ultimate all-out victory. Speed will count. Lost ground can always be regained- lost time never. Speed will save lives; speed will save this Nation which is in peril; speed will save our freedom and our civilization—and slowness has never been an American characteristic. As the United States goes into its full stride, we must always be on guard against misconceptions which will arise, some of them naturally, or which will be planted among us by our enemies. We must guard against complacency. We must not underrate the enemy. He is powerful and cunning—and cruel and ruthless. He will stop at nothing that gives him a chance to kill and to destroy. He has trained his people to believe that their highest perfection is achieved by waging war. For many years he has prepared for this very conflict- planning, and plotting, and training, arming, and fighting. We have already tasted defeat. We may suffer further setbacks. We must face the fact of a hard war, a long war, a bloody war, a costly war. We must, on the other hand, guard against defeatism. That has been one of the chief weapons of Hitler's propaganda machine—used time and again with deadly results. It will not be used successfully on the American people. We must guard against divisions among ourselves and among all the other United Nations. We must be particularly vigilant against racial discrimination in any of its ugly forms. Hitler will try again to breed mistrust and suspicion between one individual and another, one group and another, one race and another, one Government and another. He will try to use the same technique of falsehood and rumor-mongering with which he divided France from Britain. He is trying to do this with us even now. But he will find a unity of will and purpose against him, which will persevere until the destruction of all his black designs upon the freedom and safety of the people of the world. We cannot wage this war in a defensive spirit. As our power and our resources are fully mobilized, we shall carry the attack against the enemy—we shall hit him and hit him again wherever and whenever we can reach him. We must keep him far from our shores, for we intend to bring this battle to him on his own home grounds. American armed forces must be used at any place in all the world where it seems advisable to engage the forces of the enemy. In some cases these operations will be defensive, in order to protect key positions. In other cases, these operations will be offensive, in order to strike at the common enemy, with a view to his complete encirclement and eventual total defeat. American armed forces will operate at many points in the Far East. American armed forces will be on all the oceans- helping to guard the essential communications which are vital to the United Nations. American land and air and sea forces will take stations in the British Isles- which constitute an essential fortress in this great world struggle. American armed forces will help to protect this hemisphere—and also help to protect bases outside this hemisphere, which could be used for an attack on the Americas. If any of our enemies, from Europe or from Asia, attempt long-range raids by "suicide" squadrons of bombing planes, they will do so only in the hope of terrorizing our people and disrupting our morale. Our people are not afraid of that. We know that we may have to pay a heavy price for freedom. We will pay this price with a will. Whatever the price, it is a thousand times worth it. No matter what our enemies, in their desperation, may attempt to do to us- we will say, as the people of London have said, "We can take it." And what's more we can give it back and we will give it back—with compound interest. When our enemies challenged our country to stand up and fight, they challenged each and every one of us. And each and every one of us has accepted the challenge—for himself and for his Nation. There were only some 400 United States Marines who in the heroic and historic defense of Wake Island inflicted such great losses on the enemy. Some of those men were killed in action; and others are now prisoners of war. When the survivors of that great fight are liberated and restored to their homes, they will learn that a hundred and thirty million of their fellow citizens have been inspired to render their own full share of service and sacrifice. We can well say that our men on the fighting fronts have already proved that Americans today are just as rugged and just as tough as any of the heroes whose exploits we celebrate on the Fourth of July. Many people ask, "When will this war end?" There is only one answer to that. It will end just as soon as we make it end, by our combined efforts, our combined strength, our combined determination to fight through and work through until the end —the end of militarism in Germany and Italy and Japan. Most certainly we shall not settle for less. That is the spirit in which discussions have been conducted during the visit of the British Prime Minister to Washington. Mr. Churchill and I understand each other, our motives and our purposes. Together, during the past two weeks, we have faced squarely the major military and economic problems of this greatest world war. All in our Nation have been cheered by Mr. Churchill's visit. We have been deeply stirred by his great message to us. He is welcome in our midst, and we unite in wishing him a safe return to his home. For we are fighting on the same side with the British people, who fought alone for long, terrible months, and withstood the enemy with fortitude and tenacity and skill. We are fighting on the same side with the Russian people who have seen the Nazi hordes swarm up to the very gates of Moscow, and who with almost superhuman will and courage have forced the invaders back into retreat. We are fighting on the same side as the brave people of China—those millions who for four and a half long years have withstood bombs and starvation and have whipped the invaders time and again in spite of the superior Japanese equipment and arms. Yes, we are fighting on the same side as the indomitable Dutch. We are fighting on the same side as all the other Governments in exile, whom Hitler and all his armies and all his Gestapo have not been able to conquer. But we of the United Nations are not making all this sacrifice of human effort and human lives to return to the kind of world we had after the last world war. We are fighting today for security, for progress, and for peace, not only for ourselves but for all men, not only for one generation but for all generations. We are fighting to cleanse the world of ancient evils, ancient ills. Our enemies are guided by brutal cynicism, by unholy contempt for the human race. We are inspired by a faith that goes back through all the years to the first chapter of the Book of Genesis: "God created man in His own image." We on our side are striving to be true to that divine heritage. We are fighting, as our fathers have fought, to uphold the doctrine that all men are equal in the sight of God. Those on the other side are striving to destroy this deep belief and to create a world in their own image—a world of tyranny and cruelty and serfdom. That is the conflict that day and night now pervades our lives. No compromise can end that conflict. There never has been—there never can be—successful compromise between good and evil. Only total victory can reward the champions of tolerance, and decency, and freedom, and faith.
IN FULFILLING my duty to report upon the State of the Union, I am proud to say to you that the spirit of the American people was never higher than it is today—the Union was never more closely knit together—this country was never more deeply determined to face the solemn tasks before it. The response of the American people has been instantaneous, and it will be sustained until our security is assured. Exactly one year ago today I said to this Congress: "When the dictators. . . are ready to make war upon us, they will not wait for an act of war on our part. . . . They—not we—will choose the time and the place and the method of their attack." We now know their choice of the time: a peaceful Sunday morning— December 7, 1941. We know their choice of the place: an American outpost in the Pacific. We know their choice of the method: the method of Hitler himself. Japan's scheme of conquest goes back half a century. It was not merely a policy of seeking living room: it was a plan which included the subjugation of all the peoples in the Far East and in the islands of the Pacific, and the domination of that ocean by Japanese military and naval control of the western coasts of North, Central, and South America. The development of this ambitious conspiracy was marked by the war against China in 1894; the subsequent occupation of Korea; the war against Russia in 1904; the illegal fortification of the mandated Pacific islands following 1920; the seizure of Manchuria in 1931; and the invasion of China in 1937. A similar policy of criminal conquest was adopted by Italy. The Fascists first revealed their imperial designs in Libya and Tripoli. In 1935 they seized Abyssinia. Their goal was the domination of all North Africa, Egypt, parts of France, and the entire Mediterranean world. But the dreams of empire of the Japanese and Fascist leaders were modest in comparison with the gargantuan aspirations of Hitler and his Nazis. Even before they came to power in 1933, their plans for that conquest had been drawn. Those plans provided for ultimate domination, not of any one section of the world, but of the whole earth and all the oceans on it. When Hitler organized his Berlin-Rome-Tokyo alliance, all these plans of conquest became a single plan. Under this, in addition to her own schemes of conquest, Japan's role was obviously to cut off our supply of weapons of war to Britain, and Russia and China- weapons which increasingly were speeding the day of Hitler's doom. The act of Japan at Pearl Harbor was intended to stun us—to terrify us to such an extent that we would divert our industrial and military strength to the Pacific area, or even to our own continental defense. The plan has failed in its purpose. We have not been stunned. We have not been terrified or confused. This very reassembling of the Seventy-seventh Congress today is proof of that; for the mood of quiet, grim resolution which here prevails bodes ill for those who conspired and collaborated to murder world peace. That mood is stronger than any mere desire for revenge. It expresses the will of the American people to make very certain that the world will never so suffer again. Admittedly, we have been faced with hard choices. It was bitter, for example, not to be able to relieve the heroic and historic defenders of Wake Island. It was bitter for us not to be able to land a million men in a thousand ships in the Philippine Islands. But this adds only to our determination to see to it that the Stars and Stripes will fly again over Wake and Guam. Yes, see to it that the brave people of the Philippines will be rid of Japanese imperialism; and will live in freedom, security, and independence. Powerful and offensive actions must and will be taken in proper time. The consolidation of the United Nations' total war effort against our common enemies is being achieved. That was and is the purpose of conferences which have been held during the past two weeks in Washington, and Moscow and Chungking. That is the primary objective of the declaration of solidarity signed in Washington on January 1, 1942, by 26 Nations united against the Axis powers. Difficult choices may have to be made in the months to come. We do not shrink from such decisions. We and those united with us will make those decisions with courage and determination. Plans have been laid here and in the other capitals for coordinated and cooperative action by all the United Nations—military action and economic action. Already we have established, as you know, unified command of land, sea, and air forces in the southwestern Pacific theater of war. There will be a continuation of conferences and consultations among military staffs, so that the plans and operations of each will fit into the general strategy designed to crush the enemy. We shall not fight isolated wars—each Nation going its own way. These 26 Nations are united-not in spirit and determination alone, but in the broad conduct of the war in all its phases. For the first time since the Japanese and the Fascists and the Nazis started along their blood-stained course of conquest they now face the fact that superior forces are assembling against them. Gone forever are the days when the aggressors could attack and destroy their victims one by one without unity of resistance. We of the United Nations will so dispose our forces that we can strike at the common enemy wherever the greatest damage can be done him. The militarists of Berlin and Tokyo started this war. But the massed, angered forces of common humanity will finish it. Destruction of the material and spiritual centers of civilization-this has been and still is the purpose of Hitler and his Italian and Japanese chessmen. They would wreck the power of the British Commonwealth and Russia and China and the Netherlands—and then combine all their forces to achieve their ultimate goal, the conquest of the United States. They know that victory for us means victory for freedom. They know that victory for us means victory for the institution of democracy— the ideal of the family, the simple principles of common decency and humanity. They know that victory for us means victory for religion. And they could not tolerate that. The world is too small to provide adequate "living room" for both Hitler and God. In proof of that, the Nazis have now announced their plan for enforcing their new German, pagan religion all over the world—a plan by which the Holy Bible and the Cross of Mercy would be displaced by Mein Kampf and the swastika and the naked sword. Our own objectives are clear; the objective of smashing the militarism imposed by war lords upon their enslaved peoples the objective of liberating the subjugated Nations—the objective of establishing and securing freedom of speech, freedom of religion, freedom from want, and freedom from fear everywhere in the world. We shall not stop short of these objectives—nor shall we be satisfied merely to gain them and then call it a day. I know that I speak for the American people- and I have good reason to believe that I speak also for all the other peoples who fight with us—when I say that this time we are determined not only to win the war, but also to maintain the security of the peace that will follow. But we know that modern methods of warfare make it a task, not only of shooting and fighting, but an even more urgent one of working and producing. Victory requires the actual weapons of war and the means of transporting them to a dozen points of combat. It will not be sufficient for us and the other United Nations to produce a slightly superior supply of munitions to that of Germany, Japan, Italy, and the stolen industries in the countries which they have overrun. The superiority of the United Nations in munitions and ships must be overwhelming—so overwhelming that the Axis Nations can never hope to catch up with it. And so, in order to attain this overwhelming superiority the United States must build planes and tanks and guns and ships to the utmost limit of our national capacity. We have the ability and capacity to produce arms not only for our own forces, but also for the armies, navies, and air forces fighting on our side. And our overwhelming superiority of armament must be adequate to put weapons of war at the proper time into the hands of those men in the conquered Nations who stand ready to seize the first opportunity to revolt against their German and Japanese oppressors, and against the traitors in their own ranks, known by the already infamous name of "Quislings." And I think that it is a fair prophecy to say that, as we get guns to the patriots in those lands, they too will fire shots heard 'round the world. This production of ours in the United States must be raised far above present levels, even though it will mean the dislocation of the lives and occupations of millions of our own people. We must raise our sights all along the production line. Let no man say it cannot be done. It must be done—and we have undertaken to do it. I have just sent a letter of directive to the appropriate departments and agencies of our Government, ordering that immediate steps be taken: First, to increase our production rate of airplanes so rapidly that in this year, 1942, we shall produce 60,000 planes, 10,000 more than the goal that we set a year and a half ago. This includes 45,000 combat planes- bombers, dive bombers, pursuit planes. The rate of increase will be maintained and continued so that next year, 1943, we shall produce 125,000 airplanes, including 100,000 combat planes. Second, to increase our production rate of tanks so rapidly that in this year, 1942, we shall produce 45,000 tanks; and to continue that increase so that next year, 1943, we shall produce 75,000 tanks. Third, to increase our production rate of anti-aircraft guns so rapidly that in this year, 1942, we shall produce 20,000 of them; and to continue that increase so that next year, 1943, we shall produce 35,000 anti-aircraft guns. And fourth, to increase our production rate of merchant ships so rapidly that in this year, 1942, we shall build 6,000,000 deadweight tons as compared with a 1941 completed production of 1,100,000. And finally, we shall continue that increase so that next year, 1943, we shall build 10,000,000 tons of shipping. These figures and similar figures for a multitude of other implements of war will give the Japanese and the Nazis a little idea of just what they accomplished in the attack at Pearl Harbor. And I rather hope that all these figures which I have given will become common knowledge in Germany and Japan. Our task is hard- our task is unprecedented—and the time is short. We must strain every existing armament-producing facility to the utmost. We must convert every available plant and tool to war production. That goes all the way from the greatest plants to the smallest—from the huge automobile industry to the village machine shop. Production for war is based on men and women—the human hands and brains which collectively we call Labor. Our workers stand ready to work long hours; to turn out more in a day's work; to keep the wheels turning and the fires burning twenty-four hours a day, and seven days a week. They realize well that on the speed and efficiency of their work depend the lives of their sons and their brothers on the fighting fronts. Production for war is based on metals and raw materials-steel, copper, rubber, aluminum, zinc, tin. Greater and greater quantities of them will have to be diverted to war purposes. Civilian use of them will have to be cut further and still further —and, in many cases, completely eliminated. War costs money. So far, we have hardly even begun to pay for it. We have devoted only 15 percent of our national income to national defense. As will appear in my Budget Message tomorrow, our war program for the coming fiscal year will cost 56 billion dollars or, in other words, more than half of the estimated annual national income. That means taxes and bonds and bonds and taxes. It means cutting luxuries and other non-essentials. In a word, it means an "all-out" war by individual effort and family effort in a united country. Only this all-out scale of production will hasten the ultimate all-out victory. Speed will count. Lost ground can always be regained- lost time never. Speed will save lives; speed will save this Nation which is in peril; speed will save our freedom and our civilization—and slowness has never been an American characteristic. As the United States goes into its full stride, we must always be on guard against misconceptions which will arise, some of them naturally, or which will be planted among us by our enemies. We must guard against complacency. We must not underrate the enemy. He is powerful and cunning—and cruel and ruthless. He will stop at nothing that gives him a chance to kill and to destroy. He has trained his people to believe that their highest perfection is achieved by waging war. For many years he has prepared for this very conflict- planning, and plotting, and training, arming, and fighting. We have already tasted defeat. We may suffer further setbacks. We must face the fact of a hard war, a long war, a bloody war, a costly war. We must, on the other hand, guard against defeatism. That has been one of the chief weapons of Hitler's propaganda machine—used time and again with deadly results. It will not be used successfully on the American people. We must guard against divisions among ourselves and among all the other United Nations. We must be particularly vigilant against racial discrimination in any of its ugly forms. Hitler will try again to breed mistrust and suspicion between one individual and another, one group and another, one race and another, one Government and another. He will try to use the same technique of falsehood and rumor-mongering with which he divided France from Britain. He is trying to do this with us even now. But he will find a unity of will and purpose against him, which will persevere until the destruction of all his black designs upon the freedom and safety of the people of the world. We cannot wage this war in a defensive spirit. As our power and our resources are fully mobilized, we shall carry the attack against the enemy—we shall hit him and hit him again wherever and whenever we can reach him. We must keep him far from our shores, for we intend to bring this battle to him on his own home grounds. American armed forces must be used at any place in all the world where it seems advisable to engage the forces of the enemy. In some cases these operations will be defensive, in order to protect key positions. In other cases, these operations will be offensive, in order to strike at the common enemy, with a view to his complete encirclement and eventual total defeat. American armed forces will operate at many points in the Far East. American armed forces will be on all the oceans- helping to guard the essential communications which are vital to the United Nations. American land and air and sea forces will take stations in the British Isles- which constitute an essential fortress in this great world struggle. American armed forces will help to protect this hemisphere—and also help to protect bases outside this hemisphere, which could be used for an attack on the Americas. If any of our enemies, from Europe or from Asia, attempt long-range raids by "suicide" squadrons of bombing planes, they will do so only in the hope of terrorizing our people and disrupting our morale. Our people are not afraid of that. We know that we may have to pay a heavy price for freedom. We will pay this price with a will. Whatever the price, it is a thousand times worth it. No matter what our enemies, in their desperation, may attempt to do to us- we will say, as the people of London have said, "We can take it." And what is more we can give it back and we will give it back—with compound interest. When our enemies challenged our country to stand up and fight, they challenged each and every one of us. And each and every one of us has accepted the challenge—for himself and for his Nation. There were only some 400 United States Marines who in the heroic and historic defense of Wake Island inflicted such great losses on the enemy. Some of those men were killed in action; and others are now prisoners of war. When the survivors of that great fight are liberated and restored to their homes, they will learn that a hundred and thirty million of their fellow citizens have been inspired to render their own full share of service and sacrifice. We can well say that our men on the fighting fronts have already proved that Americans today are just as rugged and just as tough as any of the heroes whose exploits we celebrate on the Fourth of July. Many people ask, "When will this war end?" There is only one answer to that. It will end just as soon as we make it end, by our combined efforts, our combined strength, our combined determination to fight through and work through until the end —the end of militarism in Germany and Italy and Japan. Most certainly we shall not settle for less. That is the spirit in which discussions have been conducted during the visit of the British Prime Minister to Washington. Mr. Churchill and I understand each other, our motives and our purposes. Together, during the past two weeks, we have faced squarely the major military and economic problems of this greatest world war. All in our Nation have been cheered by Mr. Churchill's visit. We have been deeply stirred by his great message to us. He is welcome in our midst, and we unite in wishing him a safe return to his home. For we are fighting on the same side with the British people, who fought alone for long, terrible months, and withstood the enemy with fortitude and tenacity and skill. We are fighting on the same side with the Russian people who have seen the Nazi hordes swarm up to the very gates of Moscow, and who with almost superhuman will and courage have forced the invaders back into retreat. We are fighting on the same side as the brave people of China—those millions who for four and a half long years have withstood bombs and starvation and have whipped the invaders time and again in spite of the superior Japanese equipment and arms. Yes, we are fighting on the same side as the indomitable Dutch. We are fighting on the same side as all the other Governments in exile, whom Hitler and all his armies and all his Gestapo have not been able to conquer. But we of the United Nations are not making all this sacrifice of human effort and human lives to return to the kind of world we had after the last world war. We are fighting today for security, for progress, and for peace, not only for ourselves but for all men, not only for one generation but for all generations. We are fighting to cleanse the world of ancient evils, ancient ills. Our enemies are guided by brutal cynicism, by unholy contempt for the human race. We are inspired by a faith that goes back through all the years to the first chapter of the Book of Genesis: "God created man in His own image." We on our side are striving to be true to that divine heritage. We are fighting, as our fathers have fought, to uphold the doctrine that all men are equal in the sight of God. Those on the other side are striving to destroy this deep belief and to create a world in their own image—a world of tyranny and cruelty and serfdom. That is the conflict that day and night now pervades our lives. No compromise can end that conflict. There never has been—there never can be—successful compromise between good and evil. Only total victory can reward the champions of tolerance, and decency, and freedom, and faith.
in fulfilling my duty to report upon the state of the union i am proud to say to you that the spirit of the american people was never higher than it is union was never more closely knit country was never more deeply determined to face the solemn tasks before it the response of the american people has been instantaneous and it will be sustained until our security is assured exactly one year ago today i said to this congress when the dictators are ready to make war upon us they will not wait for an act of war on our part choose the time and the place and the method of their attack we now know their choice of the time a peaceful sunday december 7 1941 we know their choice of the place an american outpost in the pacific we know their choice of the method the method of hitler himself japan scheme of conquest goes back half a century it was not merely a policy of seeking living room it was a plan which included the subjugation of all the peoples in the far east and in the islands of the pacific and the domination of that ocean by japanese military and naval control of the western coasts of north central and south america the development of this ambitious conspiracy was marked by the war against china in 1894 the subsequent occupation of korea the war against russia in 1904 the illegal fortification of the mandated pacific islands following 1920 the seizure of manchuria in 1931 and the invasion of china in 1937 a similar policy of criminal conquest was adopted by italy the fascists first revealed their imperial designs in libya and tripoli in 1935 they seized abyssinia their goal was the domination of all north africa egypt parts of france and the entire mediterranean world but the dreams of empire of the japanese and fascist leaders were modest in comparison with the gargantuan aspirations of hitler and his nazis even before they came to power in 1933 their plans for that conquest had been drawn those plans provided for ultimate domination not of any one section of the world but of the whole earth and all the oceans on it when hitler organized his alliance all these plans of conquest became a single plan under this in addition to her own schemes of conquest japan role was obviously to cut off our supply of weapons of war to britain and russia and weapons which increasingly were speeding the day of hitler doom the act of japan at pearl harbor was intended to stun terrify us to such an extent that we would divert our industrial and military strength to the pacific area or even to our own continental defense the plan has failed in its purpose we have not been stunned we have not been terrified or confused this very reassembling of the congress today is proof of that for the mood of quiet grim resolution which here prevails bodes ill for those who conspired and collaborated to murder world peace that mood is stronger than any mere desire for revenge it expresses the will of the american people to make very certain that the world will never so suffer again admittedly we have been faced with hard choices it was bitter for example not to be able to relieve the heroic and historic defenders of wake island it was bitter for us not to be able to land a million men in a thousand ships in the philippine islands but this adds only to our determination to see to it that the stars and stripes will fly again over wake and guam yes see to it that the brave people of the philippines will be rid of japanese imperialism and will live in freedom security and independence powerful and offensive actions must and will be taken in proper time the consolidation of the united nations total war effort against our common enemies is being achieved that was and is the purpose of conferences which have been held during the past two weeks in washington and moscow and chungking that is the primary objective of the declaration of solidarity signed in washington on january 1 1942 by 26 nations united against the axis powers difficult choices may have to be made in the months to come we do not shrink from such decisions we and those united with us will make those decisions with courage and determination plans have been laid here and in the other capitals for coordinated and cooperative action by all the united action and economic action already we have established as you know unified command of land sea and air forces in the southwestern pacific theater of war there will be a continuation of conferences and consultations among military staffs so that the plans and operations of each will fit into the general strategy designed to crush the enemy we shall not fight isolated nation going its own way these 26 nations are in spirit and determination alone but in the broad conduct of the war in all its phases for the first time since the japanese and the fascists and the nazis started along their course of conquest they now face the fact that superior forces are assembling against them gone forever are the days when the aggressors could attack and destroy their victims one by one without unity of resistance we of the united nations will so dispose our forces that we can strike at the common enemy wherever the greatest damage can be done him the militarists of berlin and tokyo started this war but the massed angered forces of common humanity will finish it destruction of the material and spiritual centers of has been and still is the purpose of hitler and his italian and japanese chessmen they would wreck the power of the british commonwealth and russia and china and the then combine all their forces to achieve their ultimate goal the conquest of the united states they know that victory for us means victory for freedom they know that victory for us means victory for the institution of the ideal of the family the simple principles of common decency and humanity they know that victory for us means victory for religion and they could not tolerate that the world is too small to provide adequate living room for both hitler and god in proof of that the nazis have now announced their plan for enforcing their new german pagan religion all over the plan by which the holy bible and the cross of mercy would be displaced by mein kampf and the swastika and the naked sword our own objectives are clear the objective of smashing the militarism imposed by war lords upon their enslaved peoples the objective of liberating the subjugated objective of establishing and securing freedom of speech freedom of religion freedom from want and freedom from fear everywhere in the world we shall not stop short of these shall we be satisfied merely to gain them and then call it a day i know that i speak for the american and i have good reason to believe that i speak also for all the other peoples who fight with i say that this time we are determined not only to win the war but also to maintain the security of the peace that will follow but we know that modern methods of warfare make it a task not only of shooting and fighting but an even more urgent one of working and producing victory requires the actual weapons of war and the means of transporting them to a dozen points of combat it will not be sufficient for us and the other united nations to produce a slightly superior supply of munitions to that of germany japan italy and the stolen industries in the countries which they have overrun the superiority of the united nations in munitions and ships must be overwhelming that the axis nations can never hope to catch up with it and so in order to attain this overwhelming superiority the united states must build planes and tanks and guns and ships to the utmost limit of our national capacity we have the ability and capacity to produce arms not only for our own forces but also for the armies navies and air forces fighting on our side and our overwhelming superiority of armament must be adequate to put weapons of war at the proper time into the hands of those men in the conquered nations who stand ready to seize the first opportunity to revolt against their german and japanese oppressors and against the traitors in their own ranks known by the already infamous name of quislings and i think that it is a fair prophecy to say that as we get guns to the patriots in those lands they too will fire shots heard the world this production of ours in the united states must be raised far above present levels even though it will mean the dislocation of the lives and occupations of millions of our own people we must raise our sights all along the production line let no man say it can not be done it must be we have undertaken to do it i have just sent a letter of directive to the appropriate departments and agencies of our government ordering that immediate steps be taken first to increase our production rate of airplanes so rapidly that in this year 1942 we shall produce planes more than the goal that we set a year and a half ago this includes combat bombers dive bombers pursuit planes the rate of increase will be maintained and continued so that next year 1943 we shall produce airplanes including combat planes second to increase our production rate of tanks so rapidly that in this year 1942 we shall produce tanks and to continue that increase so that next year 1943 we shall produce tanks third to increase our production rate of guns so rapidly that in this year 1942 we shall produce of them and to continue that increase so that next year 1943 we shall produce guns and fourth to increase our production rate of merchant ships so rapidly that in this year 1942 we shall build deadweight tons as compared with a 1941 completed production of and finally we shall continue that increase so that next year 1943 we shall build tons of shipping these figures and similar figures for a multitude of other implements of war will give the japanese and the nazis a little idea of just what they accomplished in the attack at pearl harbor and i rather hope that all these figures which i have given will become common knowledge in germany and japan our task is our task is the time is short we must strain every existing facility to the utmost we must convert every available plant and tool to war production that goes all the way from the greatest plants to the the huge automobile industry to the village machine shop production for war is based on men and human hands and brains which collectively we call labor our workers stand ready to work long hours to turn out more in a day work to keep the wheels turning and the fires burning hours a day and seven days a week they realize well that on the speed and efficiency of their work depend the lives of their sons and their brothers on the fighting fronts production for war is based on metals and raw copper rubber aluminum zinc tin greater and greater quantities of them will have to be diverted to war purposes civilian use of them will have to be cut further and still further in many cases completely eliminated war costs money so far we have hardly even begun to pay for it we have devoted only 15 percent of our national income to national defense as will appear in my budget message tomorrow our war program for the coming fiscal year will cost 56 billion dollars or in other words more than half of the estimated annual national income that means taxes and bonds and bonds and taxes it means cutting luxuries and other in a word it means an war by individual effort and family effort in a united country only this scale of production will hasten the ultimate victory speed will count lost ground can always be lost time never speed will save lives speed will save this nation which is in peril speed will save our freedom and our slowness has never been an american characteristic as the united states goes into its full stride we must always be on guard against misconceptions which will arise some of them naturally or which will be planted among us by our enemies we must guard against complacency we must not underrate the enemy he is powerful and cruel and ruthless he will stop at nothing that gives him a chance to kill and to destroy he has trained his people to believe that their highest perfection is achieved by waging war for many years he has prepared for this very planning and plotting and training arming and fighting we have already tasted defeat we may suffer further setbacks we must face the fact of a hard war a long war a bloody war a costly war we must on the other hand guard against defeatism that has been one of the chief weapons of hitler propaganda time and again with deadly results it will not be used successfully on the american people we must guard against divisions among ourselves and among all the other united nations we must be particularly vigilant against racial discrimination in any of its ugly forms hitler will try again to breed mistrust and suspicion between one individual and another one group and another one race and another one government and another he will try to use the same technique of falsehood and with which he divided france from britain he is trying to do this with us even now but he will find a unity of will and purpose against him which will persevere until the destruction of all his black designs upon the freedom and safety of the people of the world we can not wage this war in a defensive spirit as our power and our resources are fully mobilized we shall carry the attack against the shall hit him and hit him again wherever and whenever we can reach him we must keep him far from our shores for we intend to bring this battle to him on his own home grounds american armed forces must be used at any place in all the world where it seems advisable to engage the forces of the enemy in some cases these operations will be defensive in order to protect key positions in other cases these operations will be offensive in order to strike at the common enemy with a view to his complete encirclement and eventual total defeat american armed forces will operate at many points in the far east american armed forces will be on all the helping to guard the essential communications which are vital to the united nations american land and air and sea forces will take stations in the british which constitute an essential fortress in this great world struggle american armed forces will help to protect this also help to protect bases outside this hemisphere which could be used for an attack on the americas if any of our enemies from europe or from asia attempt raids by suicide squadrons of bombing planes they will do so only in the hope of terrorizing our people and disrupting our morale our people are not afraid of that we know that we may have to pay a heavy price for freedom we will pay this price with a will whatever the price it is a thousand times worth it no matter what our enemies in their desperation may attempt to do to we will say as the people of london have said we can take it and what is more we can give it back and we will give it compound interest when our enemies challenged our country to stand up and fight they challenged each and every one of us and each and every one of us has accepted the himself and for his nation there were only some 400 united states marines who in the heroic and historic defense of wake island inflicted such great losses on the enemy some of those men were killed in action and others are now prisoners of war when the survivors of that great fight are liberated and restored to their homes they will learn that a hundred and thirty million of their fellow citizens have been inspired to render their own full share of service and sacrifice we can well say that our men on the fighting fronts have already proved that americans today are just as rugged and just as tough as any of the heroes whose exploits we celebrate on the fourth of july many people ask when will this war end there is only one answer to that it will end just as soon as we make it end by our combined efforts our combined strength our combined determination to fight through and work through until the end end of militarism in germany and italy and japan most certainly we shall not settle for less that is the spirit in which discussions have been conducted during the visit of the british prime minister to washington churchill and i understand each other our motives and our purposes together during the past two weeks we have faced squarely the major military and economic problems of this greatest world war all in our nation have been cheered by churchill visit we have been deeply stirred by his great message to us he is welcome in our midst and we unite in wishing him a safe return to his home for we are fighting on the same side with the british people who fought alone for long terrible months and withstood the enemy with fortitude and tenacity and skill we are fighting on the same side with the russian people who have seen the nazi hordes swarm up to the very gates of moscow and who with almost superhuman will and courage have forced the invaders back into retreat we are fighting on the same side as the brave people of millions who for four and a half long years have withstood bombs and starvation and have whipped the invaders time and again in spite of the superior japanese equipment and arms yes we are fighting on the same side as the indomitable dutch we are fighting on the same side as all the other governments in exile whom hitler and all his armies and all his gestapo have not been able to conquer but we of the united nations are not making all this sacrifice of human effort and human lives to return to the kind of world we had after the last world war we are fighting today for security for progress and for peace not only for ourselves but for all men not only for one generation but for all generations we are fighting to cleanse the world of ancient evils ancient ills our enemies are guided by brutal cynicism by unholy contempt for the human race we are inspired by a faith that goes back through all the years to the first chapter of the book of genesis god created man in his own image we on our side are striving to be true to that divine heritage we are fighting as our fathers have fought to uphold the doctrine that all men are equal in the sight of god those on the other side are striving to destroy this deep belief and to create a world in their own world of tyranny and cruelty and serfdom that is the conflict that day and night now pervades our lives no compromise can end that conflict there never has never can compromise between good and evil only total victory can reward the champions of tolerance and decency and freedom and faith
fulfilling duty report upon state union proud say spirit american people never higher union never closely knit country never deeply determined face solemn tasks response american people instantaneous sustained security assured exactly one year ago today said congress dictators ready make war upon us wait act war part choose time place method attack know choice time peaceful sunday december 7 1941 know choice place american outpost pacific know choice method method hitler japan scheme conquest goes back half century merely policy seeking living room plan included subjugation peoples far east islands pacific domination ocean japanese military naval control western coasts north central south america development ambitious conspiracy marked war china 1894 subsequent occupation korea war russia 1904 illegal fortification mandated pacific islands following 1920 seizure manchuria 1931 invasion china 1937 similar policy criminal conquest adopted italy fascists first revealed imperial designs libya tripoli 1935 seized abyssinia goal domination north africa egypt parts france entire mediterranean world dreams empire japanese fascist leaders modest comparison gargantuan aspirations hitler nazis even came power 1933 plans conquest drawn plans provided ultimate domination one section world whole earth oceans hitler organized alliance plans conquest became single plan addition schemes conquest japan role obviously cut supply weapons war britain russia weapons increasingly speeding day hitler doom act japan pearl harbor intended stun terrify us extent would divert industrial military strength pacific area even continental defense plan failed purpose stunned terrified confused reassembling congress today proof mood quiet grim resolution prevails bodes ill conspired collaborated murder world peace mood stronger mere desire revenge expresses american people make certain world never suffer admittedly faced hard choices bitter example able relieve heroic historic defenders wake island bitter us able land million men thousand ships philippine islands adds determination see stars stripes fly wake guam yes see brave people philippines rid japanese imperialism live freedom security independence powerful offensive actions must taken proper time consolidation united nations total war effort common enemies achieved purpose conferences held past two weeks washington moscow chungking primary objective declaration solidarity signed washington january 1 1942 26 nations united axis powers difficult choices may made months come shrink decisions united us make decisions courage determination plans laid capitals coordinated cooperative action united action economic action already established know unified command land sea air forces southwestern pacific theater war continuation conferences consultations among military staffs plans operations fit general strategy designed crush enemy shall fight isolated nation going way 26 nations spirit determination alone broad conduct war phases first time since japanese fascists nazis started along course conquest face fact superior forces assembling gone forever days aggressors could attack destroy victims one one without unity resistance united nations dispose forces strike common enemy wherever greatest damage done militarists berlin tokyo started war massed angered forces common humanity finish destruction material spiritual centers still purpose hitler italian japanese chessmen would wreck power british commonwealth russia china combine forces achieve ultimate goal conquest united states know victory us means victory freedom know victory us means victory institution ideal family simple principles common decency humanity know victory us means victory religion could tolerate world small provide adequate living room hitler god proof nazis announced plan enforcing new german pagan religion plan holy bible cross mercy would displaced mein kampf swastika naked sword objectives clear objective smashing militarism imposed war lords upon enslaved peoples objective liberating subjugated objective establishing securing freedom speech freedom religion freedom want freedom fear everywhere world shall stop short shall satisfied merely gain call day know speak american good reason believe speak also peoples fight say time determined win war also maintain security peace follow know modern methods warfare make task shooting fighting even urgent one working producing victory requires actual weapons war means transporting dozen points combat sufficient us united nations produce slightly superior supply munitions germany japan italy stolen industries countries overrun superiority united nations munitions ships must overwhelming axis nations never hope catch order attain overwhelming superiority united states must build planes tanks guns ships utmost limit national capacity ability capacity produce arms forces also armies navies air forces fighting side overwhelming superiority armament must adequate put weapons war proper time hands men conquered nations stand ready seize first opportunity revolt german japanese oppressors traitors ranks known already infamous name quislings think fair prophecy say get guns patriots lands fire shots heard world production united states must raised far present levels even though mean dislocation lives occupations millions people must raise sights along production line let man say done must undertaken sent letter directive appropriate departments agencies government ordering immediate steps taken first increase production rate airplanes rapidly year 1942 shall produce planes goal set year half ago includes combat bombers dive bombers pursuit planes rate increase maintained continued next year 1943 shall produce airplanes including combat planes second increase production rate tanks rapidly year 1942 shall produce tanks continue increase next year 1943 shall produce tanks third increase production rate guns rapidly year 1942 shall produce continue increase next year 1943 shall produce guns fourth increase production rate merchant ships rapidly year 1942 shall build deadweight tons compared 1941 completed production finally shall continue increase next year 1943 shall build tons shipping figures similar figures multitude implements war give japanese nazis little idea accomplished attack pearl harbor rather hope figures given become common knowledge germany japan task task time short must strain every existing facility utmost must convert every available plant tool war production goes way greatest plants huge automobile industry village machine shop production war based men human hands brains collectively call labor workers stand ready work long hours turn day work keep wheels turning fires burning hours day seven days week realize well speed efficiency work depend lives sons brothers fighting fronts production war based metals raw copper rubber aluminum zinc tin greater greater quantities diverted war purposes civilian use cut still many cases completely eliminated war costs money far hardly even begun pay devoted 15 percent national income national defense appear budget message tomorrow war program coming fiscal year cost 56 billion dollars words half estimated annual national income means taxes bonds bonds taxes means cutting luxuries word means war individual effort family effort united country scale production hasten ultimate victory speed count lost ground always lost time never speed save lives speed save nation peril speed save freedom slowness never american characteristic united states goes full stride must always guard misconceptions arise naturally planted among us enemies must guard complacency must underrate enemy powerful cruel ruthless stop nothing gives chance kill destroy trained people believe highest perfection achieved waging war many years prepared planning plotting training arming fighting already tasted defeat may suffer setbacks must face fact hard war long war bloody war costly war must hand guard defeatism one chief weapons hitler propaganda time deadly results used successfully american people must guard divisions among among united nations must particularly vigilant racial discrimination ugly forms hitler try breed mistrust suspicion one individual another one group another one race another one government another try use technique falsehood divided france britain trying us even find unity purpose persevere destruction black designs upon freedom safety people world wage war defensive spirit power resources fully mobilized shall carry attack shall hit hit wherever whenever reach must keep far shores intend bring battle home grounds american armed forces must used place world seems advisable engage forces enemy cases operations defensive order protect key positions cases operations offensive order strike common enemy view complete encirclement eventual total defeat american armed forces operate many points far east american armed forces helping guard essential communications vital united nations american land air sea forces take stations british constitute essential fortress great world struggle american armed forces help protect also help protect bases outside hemisphere could used attack americas enemies europe asia attempt raids suicide squadrons bombing planes hope terrorizing people disrupting morale people afraid know may pay heavy price freedom pay price whatever price thousand times worth matter enemies desperation may attempt say people london said take give back give compound interest enemies challenged country stand fight challenged every one us every one us accepted nation 400 united states marines heroic historic defense wake island inflicted great losses enemy men killed action others prisoners war survivors great fight liberated restored homes learn hundred thirty million fellow citizens inspired render full share service sacrifice well say men fighting fronts already proved americans today rugged tough heroes whose exploits celebrate fourth july many people ask war end one answer end soon make end combined efforts combined strength combined determination fight work end end militarism germany italy japan certainly shall settle less spirit discussions conducted visit british prime minister washington churchill understand motives purposes together past two weeks faced squarely major military economic problems greatest world war nation cheered churchill visit deeply stirred great message us welcome midst unite wishing safe return home fighting side british people fought alone long terrible months withstood enemy fortitude tenacity skill fighting side russian people seen nazi hordes swarm gates moscow almost superhuman courage forced invaders back retreat fighting side brave people millions four half long years withstood bombs starvation whipped invaders time spite superior japanese equipment arms yes fighting side indomitable dutch fighting side governments exile hitler armies gestapo able conquer united nations making sacrifice human effort human lives return kind world last world war fighting today security progress peace men one generation generations fighting cleanse world ancient evils ancient ills enemies guided brutal cynicism unholy contempt human race inspired faith goes back years first chapter book genesis god created man image side striving true divine heritage fighting fathers fought uphold doctrine men equal sight god side striving destroy deep belief create world world tyranny cruelty serfdom conflict day night pervades lives compromise end conflict never never compromise good evil total victory reward champions tolerance decency freedom faith
fulfil duty report upon state union proud say spirit american people never high union never closely knit country never deeply determined face solemn task response american people instantaneous sustained security assure exactly one year ago today say congress dictator ready make war upon u wait act war part choose time place method attack know choice time peaceful sunday december 7 1941 know choice place american outpost pacific know choice method method hitler japan scheme conquest go back half century merely policy seek living room plan include subjugation people far east island pacific domination ocean japanese military naval control western coast north central south america development ambitious conspiracy mark war china 1894 subsequent occupation korea war russia 1904 illegal fortification mandate pacific island follow 1920 seizure manchuria 1931 invasion china 1937 similar policy criminal conquest adopt italy fascist first reveal imperial design libya tripoli 1935 seize abyssinia goal domination north africa egypt part france entire mediterranean world dream empire japanese fascist leader modest comparison gargantuan aspiration hitler nazis even come power 1933 plan conquest drawn plan provide ultimate domination one section world whole earth ocean hitler organize alliance plan conquest become single plan addition scheme conquest japan role obviously cut supply weapon war britain russia weapon increasingly speed day hitler doom act japan pearl harbor intend stun terrify u extent would divert industrial military strength pacific area even continental defense plan fail purpose stun terrify confused reassemble congress today proof mood quiet grim resolution prevail bodes ill conspire collaborate murder world peace mood strong mere desire revenge express american people make certain world never suffer admittedly face hard choice bitter example able relieve heroic historic defender wake island bitter u able land million men thousand ship philippine island add determination see star strip fly wake guam yes see brave people philippines rid japanese imperialism live freedom security independence powerful offensive action must take proper time consolidation unite nation total war effort common enemy achieve purpose conference hold past two week washington moscow chungking primary objective declaration solidarity sign washington january 1 1942 26 nation united axis power difficult choice may make month come shrink decision unite u make decision courage determination plan lay capital coordinate cooperative action unite action economic action already establish know unify command land sea air force southwestern pacific theater war continuation conference consultation among military staff plan operation fit general strategy design crush enemy shall fight isolated nation go way 26 nation spirit determination alone broad conduct war phase first time since japanese fascist nazis start along course conquest face fact superior force assemble go forever day aggressor could attack destroy victim one one without unity resistance united nation dispose force strike common enemy wherever great damage do militarist berlin tokyo start war mass angered force common humanity finish destruction material spiritual center still purpose hitler italian japanese chessman would wreck power british commonwealth russia china combine force achieve ultimate goal conquest united state know victory u mean victory freedom know victory u mean victory institution ideal family simple principle common decency humanity know victory u mean victory religion could tolerate world small provide adequate living room hitler god proof nazi announce plan enforce new german pagan religion plan holy bible cross mercy would displace mein kampf swastika naked sword objective clear objective smash militarism impose war lord upon enslave people objective liberating subjugate objective establish secure freedom speech freedom religion freedom want freedom fear everywhere world shall stop short shall satisfy merely gain call day know speak american good reason believe speak also people fight say time determine win war also maintain security peace follow know modern method warfare make task shoot fight even urgent one work produce victory require actual weapon war mean transport dozen point combat sufficient u united nation produce slightly superior supply munition germany japan italy steal industry country overrun superiority united nation munition ship must overwhelm axis nation never hope catch order attain overwhelming superiority united state must build plane tank gun ship utmost limit national capacity ability capacity produce arm force also armies navy air force fight side overwhelming superiority armament must adequate put weapon war proper time hand men conquer nation stand ready seize first opportunity revolt german japanese oppressor traitor rank know already infamous name quisling think fair prophecy say get guns patriot land fire shot hear world production united state must raise far present level even though mean dislocation live occupation million people must raise sight along production line let man say do must undertake sent letter directive appropriate department agency government order immediate step take first increase production rate airplane rapidly year 1942 shall produce plane goal set year half ago include combat bomber dive bomber pursuit plane rate increase maintain continued next year 1943 shall produce airplane include combat plane second increase production rate tank rapidly year 1942 shall produce tank continue increase next year 1943 shall produce tank third increase production rate gun rapidly year 1942 shall produce continue increase next year 1943 shall produce gun fourth increase production rate merchant ship rapidly year 1942 shall build deadweight ton compare 1941 complete production finally shall continue increase next year 1943 shall build ton ship figure similar figure multitude implement war give japanese nazis little idea accomplish attack pearl harbor rather hope figure give become common knowledge germany japan task task time short must strain every exist facility utmost must convert every available plant tool war production go way great plant huge automobile industry village machine shop production war base men human hand brain collectively call labor worker stand ready work long hour turn day work keep wheel turn fire burn hour day seven day week realize well speed efficiency work depend live son brother fight front production war base metal raw copper rubber aluminum zinc tin great great quantity divert war purpose civilian use cut still many case completely eliminate war cost money far hardly even begin pay devote 15 percent national income national defense appear budget message tomorrow war program come fiscal year cost 56 billion dollar word half estimate annual national income mean tax bond bond tax mean cut luxury word mean war individual effort family effort united country scale production hasten ultimate victory speed count lose ground always lose time never speed save life speed save nation peril speed save freedom slowness never american characteristic united state go full stride must always guard misconception arise naturally plant among u enemy must guard complacency must underrate enemy powerful cruel ruthless stop nothing give chance kill destroy trained people believe high perfection achieve wag war many year prepare plan plot train arm fight already taste defeat may suffer setback must face fact hard war long war bloody war costly war must hand guard defeatism one chief weapon hitler propaganda time deadly result use successfully american people must guard division among among united nation must particularly vigilant racial discrimination ugly form hitler try breed mistrust suspicion one individual another one group another one race another one government another try use technique falsehood divide france britain try u even find unity purpose persevere destruction black design upon freedom safety people world wage war defensive spirit power resource fully mobilize shall carry attack shall hit hit wherever whenever reach must keep far shore intend bring battle home ground american armed force must use place world seem advisable engage force enemy case operation defensive order protect key position case operation offensive order strike common enemy view complete encirclement eventual total defeat american arm force operate many point far east american arm force help guard essential communication vital united nation american land air sea force take station british constitute essential fortress great world struggle american arm force help protect also help protect base outside hemisphere could use attack americas enemy europe asia attempt raid suicide squadron bomb plane hope terrorize people disrupt morale people afraid know may pay heavy price freedom pay price whatever price thousand time worth matter enemy desperation may attempt say people london say take give back give compound interest enemy challenge country stand fight challenge every one u every one u accept nation 400 united state marine heroic historic defense wake island inflict great loss enemy men kill action others prisoner war survivor great fight liberate restore home learn hundred thirty million fellow citizen inspire render full share service sacrifice well say men fight front already prove american today rugged tough hero whose exploit celebrate fourth july many people ask war end one answer end soon make end combine effort combine strength combine determination fight work end end militarism germany italy japan certainly shall settle less spirit discussion conduct visit british prime minister washington churchill understand motif purpose together past two week face squarely major military economic problem great world war nation cheer churchill visit deeply stir great message u welcome midst unite wish safe return home fight side british people fight alone long terrible month withstand enemy fortitude tenacity skill fight side russian people see nazi horde swarm gate moscow almost superhuman courage force invader back retreat fight side brave people million four half long year withstand bombs starvation whip invader time spite superior japanese equipment arm yes fight side indomitable dutch fight side government exile hitler army gestapo able conquer united nation make sacrifice human effort human live return kind world last world war fight today security progress peace men one generation generation fight cleanse world ancient evils ancient ill enemy guide brutal cynicism unholy contempt human race inspire faith go back year first chapter book genesis god create man image side strive true divine heritage fight father fight uphold doctrine men equal sight god side strive destroy deep belief create world world tyranny cruelty serfdom conflict day night pervade life compromise end conflict never never compromise good evil total victory reward champion tolerance decency freedom faith