I address you, the Members of the Seventy-seventh Congress, at a moment unprecedented in the history of the Union. I use the word "unprecedented," because at no previous time has American security been as seriously threatened from without as it is today. Since the permanent formation of our Government under the Constitution, in 1789, most of the periods of crisis in our history have related to our domestic affairs. Fortunately, only one of these—the four-year War Between the States—ever threatened our national unity. Today, thank God, one hundred and thirty million Americans, in forty-eight States, have forgotten points of the compass in our national unity. It is true that prior to 1914 the United States often had been disturbed by events in other Continents. We had even engaged in two wars with European nations and in a number of undeclared wars in the West Indies, in the Mediterranean and in the Pacific for the maintenance of American rights and for the principles of peaceful commerce. But in no case had a serious threat been raised against our national safety or our continued independence. What I seek to convey is the historic truth that the United States as a nation has at all times maintained clear, definite opposition, to any attempt to lock us in behind an ancient Chinese wall while the procession of civilization went past. Today, thinking of our children and of their children, we oppose enforced isolation for ourselves or for any other part of the Americas. That determination of ours, extending over all these years, was proved, for example, during the quarter century of wars following the French Revolution. While the Napoleonic struggles did threaten interests of the United States because of the French foothold in the West Indies and in Louisiana, and while we engaged in the War of 1812 to vindicate our right to peaceful trade, it is nevertheless clear that neither France nor Great Britain, nor any other nation, was aiming at domination of the whole world. In like fashion from 1815 to 1914— ninety-nine years— no single war in Europe or in Asia constituted a real threat against our future or against the future of any other American nation. Except in the Maximilian interlude in Mexico, no foreign power sought to establish itself in this Hemisphere; and the strength of the British fleet in the Atlantic has been a friendly strength. It is still a friendly strength. Even when the World War broke out in 1914, it seemed to contain only small threat of danger to our own American future. But, as time went on, the American people began to visualize what the downfall of democratic nations might mean to our own democracy. We need not overemphasize imperfections in the Peace of Versailles. We need not harp on failure of the democracies to deal with problems of world reconstruction. We should remember that the Peace of 1919 was far less unjust than the kind of "pacification" which began even before Munich, and which is being carried on under the new order of tyranny that seeks to spread over every continent today. The American people have unalterably set their faces against that tyranny. Every realist knows that the democratic way of life is at this moment being' directly assailed in every part of the world—assailed either by arms, or by secret spreading of poisonous propaganda by those who seek to destroy unity and promote discord in nations that are still at peace. During sixteen long months this assault has blotted out the whole pattern of democratic life in an appalling number of independent nations, great and small. The assailants are still on the march, threatening other nations, great and small. Therefore, as your President, performing my constitutional duty to "give to the Congress information of the state of the Union," I find it, unhappily, necessary to report that the future and the safety of our country and of our democracy are overwhelmingly involved in events far beyond our borders. Armed defense of democratic existence is now being gallantly waged in four continents. If that defense fails, all the population and all the resources of Europe, Asia, Africa and Australasia will be dominated by the conquerors. Let us remember that the total of those populations and their resources in those four continents greatly exceeds the sum total of the population and the resources of the whole of the Western Hemisphere-many times over. In times like these it is immature—and incidentally, untrue—for anybody to brag that an unprepared America, single-handed, and with one hand tied behind its back, can hold off the whole world. No realistic American can expect from a dictator's peace international generosity, or return of true independence, or world disarmament, or freedom of expression, or freedom of religion -or even good business. Such a peace would bring no security for us or for our neighbors. "Those, who would give up essential liberty to purchase a little temporary safety, deserve neither liberty nor safety." As a nation, we may take pride in the fact that we are softhearted; but we cannot afford to be soft-headed. We must always be wary of those who with sounding brass and a tinkling cymbal preach the "ism" of appeasement. We must especially beware of that small group of selfish men who would clip the wings of the American eagle in order to feather their own nests. I have recently pointed out how quickly the tempo of modern warfare could bring into our very midst the physical attack which we must eventually expect if the dictator nations win this war. There is much loose talk of our immunity from immediate and direct invasion from across the seas. Obviously, as long as the British Navy retains its power, no such danger exists. Even if there were no British Navy, it is not probable that any enemy would be stupid enough to attack us by landing troops in the United States from across thousands of miles of ocean, until it had acquired strategic bases from which to operate. But we learn much from the lessons of the past years in Europe-particularly the lesson of Norway, whose essential seaports were captured by treachery and surprise built up over a series of years. The first phase of the invasion of this Hemisphere would not be the landing of regular troops. The necessary strategic points would be occupied by secret agents and their dupes- and great numbers of them are already here, and in Latin America. As long as the aggressor nations maintain the offensive, they-not we—will choose the time and the place and the method of their attack. That is why the future of all the American Republics is today in serious danger. That is why this Annual Message to the Congress is unique in our history. That is why every member of the Executive Branch of the Government and every member of the Congress faces great responsibility and great accountability. The need of the moment is that our actions and our policy should be devoted primarily-almost exclusively—to meeting this foreign peril. For all our domestic problems are now a part of the great emergency. Just as our national policy in internal affairs has been based upon a decent respect for the rights and the dignity of all our fellow men within our gates, so our national policy in foreign affairs has been based on a decent respect for the rights and dignity of all nations, large and small. And the justice of morality must and will win in the end. Our national policy is this: First, by an impressive expression of the public will and without regard to partisanship, we are committed to all-inclusive national defense. Second, by an impressive expression of the public will and without regard to partisanship, we are committed to full support of all those resolute peoples, everywhere, who are resisting aggression and are thereby keeping war away from our Hemisphere. By this support, we express our determination that the democratic cause shall prevail; and we strengthen the defense and the security of our own nation. Third, by an impressive expression of the public will and without regard to partisanship, we are committed to the proposition that principles of morality and considerations for our own security will never permit us to acquiesce in a peace dictated by aggressors and sponsored by appeasers. We know that enduring peace cannot be bought at the cost of other people's freedom. In the recent national election there was no substantial difference between the two great parties in respect to that national policy. No issue was fought out on this line before the American electorate. Today it is abundantly evident that American citizens everywhere are demanding and supporting speedy and complete action in recognition of obvious danger. Therefore, the immediate need is a swift and driving increase in our armament production. Leaders of industry and labor have responded to our summons. Goals of speed have been set. In some cases these goals are being reached ahead of time; in some cases we are on schedule; in other cases there are slight but not serious delays; and in some cases—and I am sorry to say very important cases—we are all concerned by the slowness of the accomplishment of our plans. The Army and Navy, however, have made substantial progress during the past year. Actual experience is improving and speeding up our methods of production with every passing day. And today's best is not good enough for tomorrow. I am not satisfied with the progress thus far made. The men in charge of the program represent the best in training, in ability, and in patriotism. They are not satisfied with the progress thus far made. None of us will be satisfied until the job is done. No matter whether the original goal was set too high or too low, our objective is quicker and better results. To give you two illustrations: We are behind schedule in turning out finished airplanes; we are working day and night to solve the innumerable problems and to catch up. We are ahead of schedule in building warships but we are working to get even further ahead of that schedule. To change a whole nation from a basis of peacetime production of implements of peace to a basis of wartime production of implements of war is no small task. And the greatest difficulty comes at the beginning of the program, when new tools, new plant facilities, new assembly lines, and new ship ways must first be constructed before the actual materiel begins to flow steadily and speedily from them. The Congress, of course, must rightly keep itself informed at all times of the progress of the program. However, there is certain information, as the Congress itself will readily recognize, which, in the interests of our own security and those of the nations that we are supporting, must of needs be kept in confidence. New circumstances are constantly begetting new needs for our safety. I shall ask this Congress for greatly increased new appropriations and authorizations to carry on what we have begun. I also ask this Congress for authority and for funds sufficient to manufacture additional munitions and war supplies of many kinds, to be turned over to those nations which are now in actual war with aggressor nations. Our most useful and immediate role is to act as an arsenal for them as well as for ourselves. They do not need man power, but they do need billions of dollars worth of the weapons of defense. The time is near when they will not be able to pay for them all in ready cash. We cannot, and we will not, tell them that they must surrender, merely because of present inability to pay for the weapons which we know they must have. I do not recommend that we make them a loan of dollars with which to pay for these weapons—a loan to be repaid in dollars. I recommend that we make it possible for those nations to continue to obtain war materials in the United States, fitting their orders into our own program. Nearly all their materiel would, if the time ever came, be useful for our own defense. Taking counsel of expert military and naval authorities, considering what is best for our own security, we are free to decide how much should be kept here and how much should be sent abroad to our friends who by their determined and heroic resistance are giving us time in which to make ready our own defense. For what we send abroad, we shall be repaid within a reasonable time following the close of hostilities, in similar materials, or, at our option, in other goods of many kinds, which they can produce and which we need. Let us say to the democracies: "We Americans are vitally concerned in your defense of freedom. We are putting forth our energies, our resources and our organizing powers to give you the strength to regain and maintain a free world. We shall send you, in ever-increasing numbers, ships, planes, tanks, guns. This is our purpose and our pledge." In fulfillment of this purpose we will not be intimidated by the threats of dictators that they will regard as a breach of international law or as an act of war our aid to the democracies which dare to resist their aggression. Such aid is not an act of war, even if a dictator should unilaterally proclaim it so to be. When the dictators, if the dictators, are ready to make war upon us, they will not wait for an act of war on our part. They did not wait for Norway or Belgium or the Netherlands to commit an act of war. Their only interest is in a new one-way international law, which lacks mutuality in its observance, and, therefore, becomes an instrument of oppression. The happiness of future generations of Americans may well depend upon how effective and how immediate we can make our aid felt. No one can tell the exact character of the emergency situations that we may be called upon to meet. The Nation's hands must not be tied when the Nation's life is in danger. We must all prepare to make the sacrifices that the emergency-almost as serious as war itself—demands. Whatever stands in the way of speed and efficiency in defense preparations must give way to the national need. A free nation has the right to expect full cooperation from all groups. A free nation has the right to look to the leaders of business, of labor, and of agriculture to take the lead in stimulating effort, not among other groups but within their own groups. The best way of dealing with the few slackers or trouble makers in our midst is, first, to shame them by patriotic example, and, if that fails, to use the sovereignty of Government to save Government. As men do not live by bread alone, they do not fight by armaments alone. Those who man our defenses, and those behind them who build our defenses, must have the stamina and the courage which come from unshakable belief in the manner of life which they are defending. The mighty action that we are calling for cannot be based on a disregard of all things worth fighting for. The Nation takes great satisfaction and much strength from the things which have been done to make its people conscious of their individual stake in the preservation of democratic life in America. Those things have toughened the fibre of our people, have renewed their faith and strengthened their devotion to the institutions we make ready to protect. Certainly this is no time for any of us to stop thinking about the social and economic problems which are the root cause of the social revolution which is today a supreme factor in the world. For there is nothing mysterious about the foundations of a healthy and strong democracy. The basic things expected by our people of their political and economic systems are simple. They are: Equality of opportunity for youth and for others. Jobs for those who can work. Security for those who need it. The ending of special privilege for the few. The preservation of civil liberties for all. The enjoyment of the fruits of scientific progress in a wider and constantly rising standard of living. These are the simple, basic things that must never be lost sight of in the turmoil and unbelievable complexity of our modern world. The inner and abiding strength of our economic and political systems is dependent upon the degree to which they fulfill these expectations. Many subjects connected with our social economy call for immediate improvement. As examples: We should bring more citizens under the coverage of old-age pensions and unemployment insurance. We should widen the opportunities for adequate medical care. We should plan a better system by which persons deserving or needing gainful employment may obtain it. I have called for personal sacrifice. I am assured of the willingness of almost all Americans to respond to that call. A part of the sacrifice means the payment of more money in taxes. In my Budget Message I shall recommend that a greater portion of this great defense program be paid for from taxation than we are paying today. No person should try, or be allowed, to get rich out of this program; and the principle of tax payments in accordance with ability to pay should be constantly before our eyes to guide our legislation. If the Congress maintains these principles, the voters, putting patriotism ahead of pocketbooks, will give you their applause. In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants-everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb. To that new order we oppose the greater conception—the moral order. A good society is able to face schemes of world domination and foreign revolutions alike without fear. Since the beginning of our American history, we have been engaged in change—in a perpetual peaceful revolution—a revolution which goes on steadily, quietly adjusting itself to changing conditions—without the concentration camp or the quick-lime in the ditch. The world order which we seek is the cooperation of free countries, working together in a friendly, civilized society. This nation has placed its destiny in the hands and heads and hearts of its millions of free men and women; and its faith in freedom under the guidance of God. Freedom means the supremacy of human rights everywhere. Our support goes to those who struggle to gain those rights or keep them. Our strength is our unity of purpose. To that high concept there can be no end save victory.
I address you, the Members of the Seventy-seventh Congress, at a moment unprecedented in the history of the Union. I use the word "unprecedented," because at no previous time has American security been as seriously threatened from without as it is today. Since the permanent formation of our Government under the Constitution, in 1789, most of the periods of crisis in our history have related to our domestic affairs. Fortunately, only one of these—the four-year War Between the States—ever threatened our national unity. Today, thank God, one hundred and thirty million Americans, in forty-eight States, have forgotten points of the compass in our national unity. It is true that prior to 1914 the United States often had been disturbed by events in other Continents. We had even engaged in two wars with European nations and in a number of undeclared wars in the West Indies, in the Mediterranean and in the Pacific for the maintenance of American rights and for the principles of peaceful commerce. But in no case had a serious threat been raised against our national safety or our continued independence. What I seek to convey is the historic truth that the United States as a nation has at all times maintained clear, definite opposition, to any attempt to lock us in behind an ancient Chinese wall while the procession of civilization went past. Today, thinking of our children and of their children, we oppose enforced isolation for ourselves or for any other part of the Americas. That determination of ours, extending over all these years, was proved, for example, during the quarter century of wars following the French Revolution. While the Napoleonic struggles did threaten interests of the United States because of the French foothold in the West Indies and in Louisiana, and while we engaged in the War of 1812 to vindicate our right to peaceful trade, it is nevertheless clear that neither France nor Great Britain, nor any other nation, was aiming at domination of the whole world. In like fashion from 1815 to 1914— ninety-nine years— no single war in Europe or in Asia constituted a real threat against our future or against the future of any other American nation. Except in the Maximilian interlude in Mexico, no foreign power sought to establish itself in this Hemisphere; and the strength of the British fleet in the Atlantic has been a friendly strength. It is still a friendly strength. Even when the World War broke out in 1914, it seemed to contain only small threat of danger to our own American future. But, as time went on, the American people began to visualize what the downfall of democratic nations might mean to our own democracy. We need not overemphasize imperfections in the Peace of Versailles. We need not harp on failure of the democracies to deal with problems of world reconstruction. We should remember that the Peace of 1919 was far less unjust than the kind of "pacification" which began even before Munich, and which is being carried on under the new order of tyranny that seeks to spread over every continent today. The American people have unalterably set their faces against that tyranny. Every realist knows that the democratic way of life is at this moment being' directly assailed in every part of the world—assailed either by arms, or by secret spreading of poisonous propaganda by those who seek to destroy unity and promote discord in nations that are still at peace. During sixteen long months this assault has blotted out the whole pattern of democratic life in an appalling number of independent nations, great and small. The assailants are still on the march, threatening other nations, great and small. Therefore, as your President, performing my constitutional duty to "give to the Congress information of the state of the Union," I find it, unhappily, necessary to report that the future and the safety of our country and of our democracy are overwhelmingly involved in events far beyond our borders. Armed defense of democratic existence is now being gallantly waged in four continents. If that defense fails, all the population and all the resources of Europe, Asia, Africa and Australasia will be dominated by the conquerors. Let us remember that the total of those populations and their resources in those four continents greatly exceeds the sum total of the population and the resources of the whole of the Western Hemisphere-many times over. In times like these it is immature—and incidentally, untrue—for anybody to brag that an unprepared America, single-handed, and with one hand tied behind its back, can hold off the whole world. No realistic American can expect from a dictator's peace international generosity, or return of true independence, or world disarmament, or freedom of expression, or freedom of religion -or even good business. Such a peace would bring no security for us or for our neighbors. "Those, who would give up essential liberty to purchase a little temporary safety, deserve neither liberty nor safety." As a nation, we may take pride in the fact that we are softhearted; but we cannot afford to be soft-headed. We must always be wary of those who with sounding brass and a tinkling cymbal preach the "ism" of appeasement. We must especially beware of that small group of selfish men who would clip the wings of the American eagle in order to feather their own nests. I have recently pointed out how quickly the tempo of modern warfare could bring into our very midst the physical attack which we must eventually expect if the dictator nations win this war. There is much loose talk of our immunity from immediate and direct invasion from across the seas. Obviously, as long as the British Navy retains its power, no such danger exists. Even if there were no British Navy, it is not probable that any enemy would be stupid enough to attack us by landing troops in the United States from across thousands of miles of ocean, until it had acquired strategic bases from which to operate. But we learn much from the lessons of the past years in Europe-particularly the lesson of Norway, whose essential seaports were captured by treachery and surprise built up over a series of years. The first phase of the invasion of this Hemisphere would not be the landing of regular troops. The necessary strategic points would be occupied by secret agents and their dupes- and great numbers of them are already here, and in Latin America. As long as the aggressor nations maintain the offensive, they-not we—will choose the time and the place and the method of their attack. That is why the future of all the American Republics is today in serious danger. That is why this Annual Message to the Congress is unique in our history. That is why every member of the Executive Branch of the Government and every member of the Congress faces great responsibility and great accountability. The need of the moment is that our actions and our policy should be devoted primarily-almost exclusively—to meeting this foreign peril. For all our domestic problems are now a part of the great emergency. Just as our national policy in internal affairs has been based upon a decent respect for the rights and the dignity of all our fellow men within our gates, so our national policy in foreign affairs has been based on a decent respect for the rights and dignity of all nations, large and small. And the justice of morality must and will win in the end. Our national policy is this: First, by an impressive expression of the public will and without regard to partisanship, we are committed to all-inclusive national defense. Second, by an impressive expression of the public will and without regard to partisanship, we are committed to full support of all those resolute peoples, everywhere, who are resisting aggression and are thereby keeping war away from our Hemisphere. By this support, we express our determination that the democratic because shall prevail; and we strengthen the defense and the security of our own nation. Third, by an impressive expression of the public will and without regard to partisanship, we are committed to the proposition that principles of morality and considerations for our own security will never permit us to acquiesce in a peace dictated by aggressors and sponsored by appeasers. We know that enduring peace cannot be bought at the cost of other people's freedom. In the recent national election there was no substantial difference between the two great parties in respect to that national policy. No issue was fought out on this line before the American electorate. Today it is abundantly evident that American citizens everywhere are demanding and supporting speedy and complete action in recognition of obvious danger. Therefore, the immediate need is a swift and driving increase in our armament production. Leaders of industry and labor have responded to our summons. Goals of speed have been set. In some cases these goals are being reached ahead of time; in some cases we are on schedule; in other cases there are slight but not serious delays; and in some cases—and I am sorry to say very important cases—we are all concerned by the slowness of the accomplishment of our plans. The Army and Navy, however, have made substantial progress during the past year. Actual experience is improving and speeding up our methods of production with every passing day. And today's best is not good enough for tomorrow. I am not satisfied with the progress thus far made. The men in charge of the program represent the best in training, in ability, and in patriotism. They are not satisfied with the progress thus far made. None of us will be satisfied until the job is done. No matter whether the original goal was set too high or too low, our objective is quicker and better results. To give you two illustrations: We are behind schedule in turning out finished airplanes; we are working day and night to solve the innumerable problems and to catch up. We are ahead of schedule in building warships but we are working to get even further ahead of that schedule. To change a whole nation from a basis of peacetime production of implements of peace to a basis of wartime production of implements of war is no small task. And the greatest difficulty comes at the beginning of the program, when new tools, new plant facilities, new assembly lines, and new ship ways must first be constructed before the actual materiel begins to flow steadily and speedily from them. The Congress, of course, must rightly keep itself informed at all times of the progress of the program. However, there is certain information, as the Congress itself will readily recognize, which, in the interests of our own security and those of the nations that we are supporting, must of needs be kept in confidence. New circumstances are constantly begetting new needs for our safety. I shall ask this Congress for greatly increased new appropriations and authorizations to carry on what we have begun. I also ask this Congress for authority and for funds sufficient to manufacture additional munitions and war supplies of many kinds, to be turned over to those nations which are now in actual war with aggressor nations. Our most useful and immediate role is to act as an arsenal for them as well as for ourselves. They do not need man power, but they do need billions of dollars worth of the weapons of defense. The time is near when they will not be able to pay for them all in ready cash. We cannot, and we will not, tell them that they must surrender, merely because of present inability to pay for the weapons which we know they must have. I do not recommend that we make them a loan of dollars with which to pay for these weapons—a loan to be repaid in dollars. I recommend that we make it possible for those nations to continue to obtain war materials in the United States, fitting their orders into our own program. Nearly all their materiel would, if the time ever came, be useful for our own defense. Taking counsel of expert military and naval authorities, considering what is best for our own security, we are free to decide how much should be kept here and how much should be sent abroad to our friends who by their determined and heroic resistance are giving us time in which to make ready our own defense. For what we send abroad, we shall be repaid within a reasonable time following the close of hostilities, in similar materials, or, at our option, in other goods of many kinds, which they can produce and which we need. Let us say to the democracies: "We Americans are vitally concerned in your defense of freedom. We are putting forth our energies, our resources and our organizing powers to give you the strength to regain and maintain a free world. We shall send you, in ever-increasing numbers, ships, planes, tanks, guns. This is our purpose and our pledge." In fulfillment of this purpose we will not be intimidated by the threats of dictators that they will regard as a breach of international law or as an act of war our aid to the democracies which dare to resist their aggression. Such aid is not an act of war, even if a dictator should unilaterally proclaim it so to be. When the dictators, if the dictators, are ready to make war upon us, they will not wait for an act of war on our part. They did not wait for Norway or Belgium or the Netherlands to commit an act of war. Their only interest is in a new one-way international law, which lacks mutuality in its observance, and, therefore, becomes an instrument of oppression. The happiness of future generations of Americans may well depend upon how effective and how immediate we can make our aid felt. No one can tell the exact character of the emergency situations that we may be called upon to meet. The Nation's hands must not be tied when the Nation's life is in danger. We must all prepare to make the sacrifices that the emergency-almost as serious as war itself—demands. Whatever stands in the way of speed and efficiency in defense preparations must give way to the national need. A free nation has the right to expect full cooperation from all groups. A free nation has the right to look to the leaders of business, of labor, and of agriculture to take the lead in stimulating effort, not among other groups but within their own groups. The best way of dealing with the few slackers or trouble makers in our midst is, first, to shame them by patriotic example, and, if that fails, to use the sovereignty of Government to save Government. As men do not live by bread alone, they do not fight by armaments alone. Those who man our defenses, and those behind them who build our defenses, must have the stamina and the courage which come from unshakable belief in the manner of life which they are defending. The mighty action that we are calling for cannot be based on a disregard of all things worth fighting for. The Nation takes great satisfaction and much strength from the things which have been done to make its people conscious of their individual stake in the preservation of democratic life in America. Those things have toughened the fibre of our people, have renewed their faith and strengthened their devotion to the institutions we make ready to protect. Certainly this is no time for any of us to stop thinking about the social and economic problems which are the root because of the social revolution which is today a supreme factor in the world. For there is nothing mysterious about the foundations of a healthy and strong democracy. The basic things expected by our people of their political and economic systems are simple. They are: Equality of opportunity for youth and for others. Jobs for those who can work. Security for those who need it. The ending of special privilege for the few. The preservation of civil liberties for all. The enjoyment of the fruits of scientific progress in a wider and constantly rising standard of living. These are the simple, basic things that must never be lost sight of in the turmoil and unbelievable complexity of our modern world. The inner and abiding strength of our economic and political systems is dependent upon the degree to which they fulfill these expectations. Many subjects connected with our social economy call for immediate improvement. As examples: We should bring more citizens under the coverage of old-age pensions and unemployment insurance. We should widen the opportunities for adequate medical care. We should plan a better system by which persons deserving or needing gainful employment may obtain it. I have called for personal sacrifice. I am assured of the willingness of almost all Americans to respond to that call. A part of the sacrifice means the payment of more money in taxes. In my Budget Message I shall recommend that a greater portion of this great defense program be paid for from taxation than we are paying today. No person should try, or be allowed, to get rich out of this program; and the principle of tax payments in accordance with ability to pay should be constantly before our eyes to guide our legislation. If the Congress maintains these principles, the voters, putting patriotism ahead of pocketbooks, will give you their applause. In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants-everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb. To that new order we oppose the greater conception—the moral order. A good society is able to face schemes of world domination and foreign revolutions alike without fear. Since the beginning of our American history, we have been engaged in change—in a perpetual peaceful revolution—a revolution which goes on steadily, quietly adjusting itself to changing conditions—without the concentration camp or the quick-lime in the ditch. The world order which we seek is the cooperation of free countries, working together in a friendly, civilized society. This nation has placed its destiny in the hands and heads and hearts of its millions of free men and women; and its faith in freedom under the guidance of God. Freedom means the supremacy of human rights everywhere. Our support goes to those who struggle to gain those rights or keep them. Our strength is our unity of purpose. To that high concept there can be no end save victory.
i address you the members of the congress at a moment unprecedented in the history of the union i use the word unprecedented because at no previous time has american security been as seriously threatened from without as it is today since the permanent formation of our government under the constitution in 1789 most of the periods of crisis in our history have related to our domestic affairs fortunately only one of war between the threatened our national unity today thank god one hundred and thirty million americans in states have forgotten points of the compass in our national unity it is true that prior to 1914 the united states often had been disturbed by events in other continents we had even engaged in two wars with european nations and in a number of undeclared wars in the west indies in the mediterranean and in the pacific for the maintenance of american rights and for the principles of peaceful commerce but in no case had a serious threat been raised against our national safety or our continued independence what i seek to convey is the historic truth that the united states as a nation has at all times maintained clear definite opposition to any attempt to lock us in behind an ancient chinese wall while the procession of civilization went past today thinking of our children and of their children we oppose enforced isolation for ourselves or for any other part of the americas that determination of ours extending over all these years was proved for example during the quarter century of wars following the french revolution while the napoleonic struggles did threaten interests of the united states because of the french foothold in the west indies and in louisiana and while we engaged in the war of 1812 to vindicate our right to peaceful trade it is nevertheless clear that neither france nor great britain nor any other nation was aiming at domination of the whole world in like fashion from 1815 to no single war in europe or in asia constituted a real threat against our future or against the future of any other american nation except in the maximilian interlude in mexico no foreign power sought to establish itself in this hemisphere and the strength of the british fleet in the atlantic has been a friendly strength it is still a friendly strength even when the world war broke out in 1914 it seemed to contain only small threat of danger to our own american future but as time went on the american people began to visualize what the downfall of democratic nations might mean to our own democracy we need not overemphasize imperfections in the peace of versailles we need not harp on failure of the democracies to deal with problems of world reconstruction we should remember that the peace of 1919 was far less unjust than the kind of pacification which began even before munich and which is being carried on under the new order of tyranny that seeks to spread over every continent today the american people have unalterably set their faces against that tyranny every realist knows that the democratic way of life is at this moment being directly assailed in every part of the either by arms or by secret spreading of poisonous propaganda by those who seek to destroy unity and promote discord in nations that are still at peace during sixteen long months this assault has blotted out the whole pattern of democratic life in an appalling number of independent nations great and small the assailants are still on the march threatening other nations great and small therefore as your president performing my constitutional duty to give to the congress information of the state of the union i find it unhappily necessary to report that the future and the safety of our country and of our democracy are overwhelmingly involved in events far beyond our borders armed defense of democratic existence is now being gallantly waged in four continents if that defense fails all the population and all the resources of europe asia africa and australasia will be dominated by the conquerors let us remember that the total of those populations and their resources in those four continents greatly exceeds the sum total of the population and the resources of the whole of the western times over in times like these it is incidentally anybody to brag that an unprepared america and with one hand tied behind its back can hold off the whole world no realistic american can expect from a dictator peace international generosity or return of true independence or world disarmament or freedom of expression or freedom of religion even good business such a peace would bring no security for us or for our neighbors those who would give up essential liberty to purchase a little temporary safety deserve neither liberty nor safety as a nation we may take pride in the fact that we are softhearted but we can not afford to be we must always be wary of those who with sounding brass and a tinkling cymbal preach the ism of appeasement we must especially beware of that small group of selfish men who would clip the wings of the american eagle in order to feather their own nests i have recently pointed out how quickly the tempo of modern warfare could bring into our very midst the physical attack which we must eventually expect if the dictator nations win this war there is much loose talk of our immunity from immediate and direct invasion from across the seas obviously as long as the british navy retains its power no such danger exists even if there were no british navy it is not probable that any enemy would be stupid enough to attack us by landing troops in the united states from across thousands of miles of ocean until it had acquired strategic bases from which to operate but we learn much from the lessons of the past years in the lesson of norway whose essential seaports were captured by treachery and surprise built up over a series of years the first phase of the invasion of this hemisphere would not be the landing of regular troops the necessary strategic points would be occupied by secret agents and their and great numbers of them are already here and in latin america as long as the aggressor nations maintain the offensive choose the time and the place and the method of their attack that is why the future of all the american republics is today in serious danger that is why this annual message to the congress is unique in our history that is why every member of the executive branch of the government and every member of the congress faces great responsibility and great accountability the need of the moment is that our actions and our policy should be devoted meeting this foreign peril for all our domestic problems are now a part of the great emergency just as our national policy in internal affairs has been based upon a decent respect for the rights and the dignity of all our fellow men within our gates so our national policy in foreign affairs has been based on a decent respect for the rights and dignity of all nations large and small and the justice of morality must and will win in the end our national policy is this first by an impressive expression of the public will and without regard to partisanship we are committed to national defense second by an impressive expression of the public will and without regard to partisanship we are committed to full support of all those resolute peoples everywhere who are resisting aggression and are thereby keeping war away from our hemisphere by this support we express our determination that the democratic because shall prevail and we strengthen the defense and the security of our own nation third by an impressive expression of the public will and without regard to partisanship we are committed to the proposition that principles of morality and considerations for our own security will never permit us to acquiesce in a peace dictated by aggressors and sponsored by appeasers we know that enduring peace can not be bought at the cost of other people freedom in the recent national election there was no substantial difference between the two great parties in respect to that national policy no issue was fought out on this line before the american electorate today it is abundantly evident that american citizens everywhere are demanding and supporting speedy and complete action in recognition of obvious danger therefore the immediate need is a swift and driving increase in our armament production leaders of industry and labor have responded to our summons goals of speed have been set in some cases these goals are being reached ahead of time in some cases we are on schedule in other cases there are slight but not serious delays and in some i am sorry to say very important are all concerned by the slowness of the accomplishment of our plans the army and navy however have made substantial progress during the past year actual experience is improving and speeding up our methods of production with every passing day and today best is not good enough for tomorrow i am not satisfied with the progress thus far made the men in charge of the program represent the best in training in ability and in patriotism they are not satisfied with the progress thus far made none of us will be satisfied until the job is done no matter whether the original goal was set too high or too low our objective is quicker and better results to give you two illustrations we are behind schedule in turning out finished airplanes we are working day and night to solve the innumerable problems and to catch up we are ahead of schedule in building warships but we are working to get even further ahead of that schedule to change a whole nation from a basis of peacetime production of implements of peace to a basis of wartime production of implements of war is no small task and the greatest difficulty comes at the beginning of the program when new tools new plant facilities new assembly lines and new ship ways must first be constructed before the actual materiel begins to flow steadily and speedily from them the congress of course must rightly keep itself informed at all times of the progress of the program however there is certain information as the congress itself will readily recognize which in the interests of our own security and those of the nations that we are supporting must of needs be kept in confidence new circumstances are constantly begetting new needs for our safety i shall ask this congress for greatly increased new appropriations and authorizations to carry on what we have begun i also ask this congress for authority and for funds sufficient to manufacture additional munitions and war supplies of many kinds to be turned over to those nations which are now in actual war with aggressor nations our most useful and immediate role is to act as an arsenal for them as well as for ourselves they do not need man power but they do need billions of dollars worth of the weapons of defense the time is near when they will not be able to pay for them all in ready cash we can not and we will not tell them that they must surrender merely because of present inability to pay for the weapons which we know they must have i do not recommend that we make them a loan of dollars with which to pay for these loan to be repaid in dollars i recommend that we make it possible for those nations to continue to obtain war materials in the united states fitting their orders into our own program nearly all their materiel would if the time ever came be useful for our own defense taking counsel of expert military and naval authorities considering what is best for our own security we are free to decide how much should be kept here and how much should be sent abroad to our friends who by their determined and heroic resistance are giving us time in which to make ready our own defense for what we send abroad we shall be repaid within a reasonable time following the close of hostilities in similar materials or at our option in other goods of many kinds which they can produce and which we need let us say to the democracies we americans are vitally concerned in your defense of freedom we are putting forth our energies our resources and our organizing powers to give you the strength to regain and maintain a free world we shall send you in numbers ships planes tanks guns this is our purpose and our pledge in fulfillment of this purpose we will not be intimidated by the threats of dictators that they will regard as a breach of international law or as an act of war our aid to the democracies which dare to resist their aggression such aid is not an act of war even if a dictator should unilaterally proclaim it so to be when the dictators if the dictators are ready to make war upon us they will not wait for an act of war on our part they did not wait for norway or belgium or the netherlands to commit an act of war their only interest is in a new international law which lacks mutuality in its observance and therefore becomes an instrument of oppression the happiness of future generations of americans may well depend upon how effective and how immediate we can make our aid felt no one can tell the exact character of the emergency situations that we may be called upon to meet the nation hands must not be tied when the nation life is in danger we must all prepare to make the sacrifices that the as serious as war whatever stands in the way of speed and efficiency in defense preparations must give way to the national need a free nation has the right to expect full cooperation from all groups a free nation has the right to look to the leaders of business of labor and of agriculture to take the lead in stimulating effort not among other groups but within their own groups the best way of dealing with the few slackers or trouble makers in our midst is first to shame them by patriotic example and if that fails to use the sovereignty of government to save government as men do not live by bread alone they do not fight by armaments alone those who man our defenses and those behind them who build our defenses must have the stamina and the courage which come from unshakable belief in the manner of life which they are defending the mighty action that we are calling for can not be based on a disregard of all things worth fighting for the nation takes great satisfaction and much strength from the things which have been done to make its people conscious of their individual stake in the preservation of democratic life in america those things have toughened the fibre of our people have renewed their faith and strengthened their devotion to the institutions we make ready to protect certainly this is no time for any of us to stop thinking about the social and economic problems which are the root because of the social revolution which is today a supreme factor in the world for there is nothing mysterious about the foundations of a healthy and strong democracy the basic things expected by our people of their political and economic systems are simple they are equality of opportunity for youth and for others jobs for those who can work security for those who need it the ending of special privilege for the few the preservation of civil liberties for all the enjoyment of the fruits of scientific progress in a wider and constantly rising standard of living these are the simple basic things that must never be lost sight of in the turmoil and unbelievable complexity of our modern world the inner and abiding strength of our economic and political systems is dependent upon the degree to which they fulfill these expectations many subjects connected with our social economy call for immediate improvement as examples we should bring more citizens under the coverage of pensions and unemployment insurance we should widen the opportunities for adequate medical care we should plan a better system by which persons deserving or needing gainful employment may obtain it i have called for personal sacrifice i am assured of the willingness of almost all americans to respond to that call a part of the sacrifice means the payment of more money in taxes in my budget message i shall recommend that a greater portion of this great defense program be paid for from taxation than we are paying today no person should try or be allowed to get rich out of this program and the principle of tax payments in accordance with ability to pay should be constantly before our eyes to guide our legislation if the congress maintains these principles the voters putting patriotism ahead of pocketbooks will give you their applause in the future days which we seek to make secure we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms the first is freedom of speech and in the world the second is freedom of every person to worship god in his own in the world the third is freedom from translated into world terms means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its in the world the fourth is freedom from translated into world terms means a reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any in the world that is no vision of a distant millennium it is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation that kind of world is the very antithesis of the new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb to that new order we oppose the greater moral order a good society is able to face schemes of world domination and foreign revolutions alike without fear since the beginning of our american history we have been engaged in a perpetual peaceful revolution which goes on steadily quietly adjusting itself to changing the concentration camp or the in the ditch the world order which we seek is the cooperation of free countries working together in a friendly civilized society this nation has placed its destiny in the hands and heads and hearts of its millions of free men and women and its faith in freedom under the guidance of god freedom means the supremacy of human rights everywhere our support goes to those who struggle to gain those rights or keep them our strength is our unity of purpose to that high concept there can be no end save victory
address members congress moment unprecedented history union use word unprecedented previous time american security seriously threatened without today since permanent formation government constitution 1789 periods crisis history related domestic affairs fortunately one war threatened national unity today thank god one hundred thirty million americans states forgotten points compass national unity true prior 1914 united states often disturbed events continents even engaged two wars european nations number undeclared wars west indies mediterranean pacific maintenance american rights principles peaceful commerce case serious threat raised national safety continued independence seek convey historic truth united states nation times maintained clear definite opposition attempt lock us behind ancient chinese wall procession civilization went past today thinking children children oppose enforced isolation part americas determination extending years proved example quarter century wars following french revolution napoleonic struggles threaten interests united states french foothold west indies louisiana engaged war 1812 vindicate right peaceful trade nevertheless clear neither france great britain nation aiming domination whole world like fashion 1815 single war europe asia constituted real threat future future american nation except maximilian interlude mexico foreign power sought establish hemisphere strength british fleet atlantic friendly strength still friendly strength even world war broke 1914 seemed contain small threat danger american future time went american people began visualize downfall democratic nations might mean democracy need overemphasize imperfections peace versailles need harp failure democracies deal problems world reconstruction remember peace 1919 far less unjust kind pacification began even munich carried new order tyranny seeks spread every continent today american people unalterably set faces tyranny every realist knows democratic way life moment directly assailed every part either arms secret spreading poisonous propaganda seek destroy unity promote discord nations still peace sixteen long months assault blotted whole pattern democratic life appalling number independent nations great small assailants still march threatening nations great small therefore president performing constitutional duty give congress information state union find unhappily necessary report future safety country democracy overwhelmingly involved events far beyond borders armed defense democratic existence gallantly waged four continents defense fails population resources europe asia africa australasia dominated conquerors let us remember total populations resources four continents greatly exceeds sum total population resources whole western times times like incidentally anybody brag unprepared america one hand tied behind back hold whole world realistic american expect dictator peace international generosity return true independence world disarmament freedom expression freedom religion even good business peace would bring security us neighbors would give essential liberty purchase little temporary safety deserve neither liberty safety nation may take pride fact softhearted afford must always wary sounding brass tinkling cymbal preach ism appeasement must especially beware small group selfish men would clip wings american eagle order feather nests recently pointed quickly tempo modern warfare could bring midst physical attack must eventually expect dictator nations win war much loose talk immunity immediate direct invasion across seas obviously long british navy retains power danger exists even british navy probable enemy would stupid enough attack us landing troops united states across thousands miles ocean acquired strategic bases operate learn much lessons past years lesson norway whose essential seaports captured treachery surprise built series years first phase invasion hemisphere would landing regular troops necessary strategic points would occupied secret agents great numbers already latin america long aggressor nations maintain offensive choose time place method attack future american republics today serious danger annual message congress unique history every member executive branch government every member congress faces great responsibility great accountability need moment actions policy devoted meeting foreign peril domestic problems part great emergency national policy internal affairs based upon decent respect rights dignity fellow men within gates national policy foreign affairs based decent respect rights dignity nations large small justice morality must win end national policy first impressive expression public without regard partisanship committed national defense second impressive expression public without regard partisanship committed full support resolute peoples everywhere resisting aggression thereby keeping war away hemisphere support express determination democratic shall prevail strengthen defense security nation third impressive expression public without regard partisanship committed proposition principles morality considerations security never permit us acquiesce peace dictated aggressors sponsored appeasers know enduring peace bought cost people freedom recent national election substantial difference two great parties respect national policy issue fought line american electorate today abundantly evident american citizens everywhere demanding supporting speedy complete action recognition obvious danger therefore immediate need swift driving increase armament production leaders industry labor responded summons goals speed set cases goals reached ahead time cases schedule cases slight serious delays sorry say important concerned slowness accomplishment plans army navy however made substantial progress past year actual experience improving speeding methods production every passing day today best good enough tomorrow satisfied progress thus far made men charge program represent best training ability patriotism satisfied progress thus far made none us satisfied job done matter whether original goal set high low objective quicker better results give two illustrations behind schedule turning finished airplanes working day night solve innumerable problems catch ahead schedule building warships working get even ahead schedule change whole nation basis peacetime production implements peace basis wartime production implements war small task greatest difficulty comes beginning program new tools new plant facilities new assembly lines new ship ways must first constructed actual materiel begins flow steadily speedily congress course must rightly keep informed times progress program however certain information congress readily recognize interests security nations supporting must needs kept confidence new circumstances constantly begetting new needs safety shall ask congress greatly increased new appropriations authorizations carry begun also ask congress authority funds sufficient manufacture additional munitions war supplies many kinds turned nations actual war aggressor nations useful immediate role act arsenal well need man power need billions dollars worth weapons defense time near able pay ready cash tell must surrender merely present inability pay weapons know must recommend make loan dollars pay loan repaid dollars recommend make possible nations continue obtain war materials united states fitting orders program nearly materiel would time ever came useful defense taking counsel expert military naval authorities considering best security free decide much kept much sent abroad friends determined heroic resistance giving us time make ready defense send abroad shall repaid within reasonable time following close hostilities similar materials option goods many kinds produce need let us say democracies americans vitally concerned defense freedom putting forth energies resources organizing powers give strength regain maintain free world shall send numbers ships planes tanks guns purpose pledge fulfillment purpose intimidated threats dictators regard breach international law act war aid democracies dare resist aggression aid act war even dictator unilaterally proclaim dictators dictators ready make war upon us wait act war part wait norway belgium netherlands commit act war interest new international law lacks mutuality observance therefore becomes instrument oppression happiness future generations americans may well depend upon effective immediate make aid felt one tell exact character emergency situations may called upon meet nation hands must tied nation life danger must prepare make sacrifices serious war whatever stands way speed efficiency defense preparations must give way national need free nation right expect full cooperation groups free nation right look leaders business labor agriculture take lead stimulating effort among groups within groups best way dealing slackers trouble makers midst first shame patriotic example fails use sovereignty government save government men live bread alone fight armaments alone man defenses behind build defenses must stamina courage come unshakable belief manner life defending mighty action calling based disregard things worth fighting nation takes great satisfaction much strength things done make people conscious individual stake preservation democratic life america things toughened fibre people renewed faith strengthened devotion institutions make ready protect certainly time us stop thinking social economic problems root social revolution today supreme factor world nothing mysterious foundations healthy strong democracy basic things expected people political economic systems simple equality opportunity youth others jobs work security need ending special privilege preservation civil liberties enjoyment fruits scientific progress wider constantly rising standard living simple basic things must never lost sight turmoil unbelievable complexity modern world inner abiding strength economic political systems dependent upon degree fulfill expectations many subjects connected social economy call immediate improvement examples bring citizens coverage pensions unemployment insurance widen opportunities adequate medical care plan better system persons deserving needing gainful employment may obtain called personal sacrifice assured willingness almost americans respond call part sacrifice means payment money taxes budget message shall recommend greater portion great defense program paid taxation paying today person try allowed get rich program principle tax payments accordance ability pay constantly eyes guide legislation congress maintains principles voters putting patriotism ahead pocketbooks give applause future days seek make secure look forward world founded upon four essential human freedoms first freedom speech world second freedom every person worship god world third freedom translated world terms means economic understandings secure every nation healthy peacetime life world fourth freedom translated world terms means reduction armaments point thorough fashion nation position commit act physical aggression world vision distant millennium definite basis kind world attainable time generation kind world antithesis new order tyranny dictators seek create crash bomb new order oppose greater moral order good society able face schemes world domination foreign revolutions alike without fear since beginning american history engaged perpetual peaceful revolution goes steadily quietly adjusting changing concentration camp ditch world order seek cooperation free countries working together friendly civilized society nation placed destiny hands heads hearts millions free men women faith freedom guidance god freedom means supremacy human rights everywhere support goes struggle gain rights keep strength unity purpose high concept end save victory
address member congress moment unprecedented history union use word unprecedented previous time american security seriously threaten without today since permanent formation government constitution 1789 period crisis history relate domestic affair fortunately one war threaten national unity today thank god one hundred thirty million american state forget point compass national unity true prior 1914 united state often disturbed event continent even engage two war european nation number undeclared war west indie mediterranean pacific maintenance american right principle peaceful commerce case serious threat raise national safety continue independence seek convey historic truth united state nation time maintain clear definite opposition attempt lock u behind ancient chinese wall procession civilization go past today think child child oppose enforce isolation part americas determination extend year prove example quarter century war follow french revolution napoleonic struggle threaten interest united state french foothold west indie louisiana engage war 1812 vindicate right peaceful trade nevertheless clear neither france great britain nation aim domination whole world like fashion 1815 single war europe asia constitute real threat future future american nation except maximilian interlude mexico foreign power seek establish hemisphere strength british fleet atlantic friendly strength still friendly strength even world war break 1914 seem contain small threat danger american future time go american people begin visualize downfall democratic nation might mean democracy need overemphasize imperfection peace versailles need harp failure democracy deal problem world reconstruction remember peace 1919 far less unjust kind pacification begin even munich carry new order tyranny seek spread every continent today american people unalterably set face tyranny every realist know democratic way life moment directly assail every part either arm secret spread poisonous propaganda seek destroy unity promote discord nation still peace sixteen long month assault blot whole pattern democratic life appal number independent nation great small assailant still march threaten nation great small therefore president perform constitutional duty give congress information state union find unhappily necessary report future safety country democracy overwhelmingly involved event far beyond border arm defense democratic existence gallantly wag four continent defense fail population resource europe asia africa australasia dominate conqueror let u remember total population resource four continent greatly exceed sum total population resource whole western time time like incidentally anybody brag unprepared america one hand tie behind back hold whole world realistic american expect dictator peace international generosity return true independence world disarmament freedom expression freedom religion even good business peace would bring security u neighbor would give essential liberty purchase little temporary safety deserve neither liberty safety nation may take pride fact softhearted afford must always wary sound brass tinkle cymbal preach ism appeasement must especially beware small group selfish men would clip wing american eagle order feather nest recently point quickly tempo modern warfare could bring midst physical attack must eventually expect dictator nation win war much loose talk immunity immediate direct invasion across sea obviously long british navy retains power danger exist even british navy probable enemy would stupid enough attack u land troop united state across thousand mile ocean acquire strategic base operate learn much lesson past year lesson norway whose essential seaport capture treachery surprise build series year first phase invasion hemisphere would land regular troop necessary strategic point would occupy secret agent great number already latin america long aggressor nation maintain offensive choose time place method attack future american republic today serious danger annual message congress unique history every member executive branch government every member congress face great responsibility great accountability need moment action policy devote meet foreign peril domestic problem part great emergency national policy internal affair base upon decent respect right dignity fellow men within gate national policy foreign affair base decent respect right dignity nation large small justice morality must win end national policy first impressive expression public without regard partisanship commit national defense second impressive expression public without regard partisanship commit full support resolute people everywhere resist aggression thereby keep war away hemisphere support express determination democratic shall prevail strengthen defense security nation third impressive expression public without regard partisanship commit proposition principle morality consideration security never permit u acquiesce peace dictate aggressor sponsor appeaser know endure peace buy cost people freedom recent national election substantial difference two great party respect national policy issue fight line american electorate today abundantly evident american citizen everywhere demand support speedy complete action recognition obvious danger therefore immediate need swift drive increase armament production leader industry labor respond summons goal speed set case goal reach ahead time case schedule case slight serious delay sorry say important concerned slowness accomplishment plan army navy however make substantial progress past year actual experience improve speed method production every passing day today best good enough tomorrow satisfy progress thus far make men charge program represent best training ability patriotism satisfy progress thus far make none u satisfy job do matter whether original goal set high low objective quicker well result give two illustration behind schedule turn finish airplane work day night solve innumerable problem catch ahead schedule build warship work get even ahead schedule change whole nation basis peacetime production implement peace basis wartime production implement war small task great difficulty come begin program new tool new plant facility new assembly line new ship way must first construct actual materiel begin flow steadily speedily congress course must rightly keep informed time progress program however certain information congress readily recognize interest security nation support must need keep confidence new circumstance constantly beget new need safety shall ask congress greatly increase new appropriation authorization carry begin also ask congress authority fund sufficient manufacture additional munition war supply many kind turn nation actual war aggressor nation useful immediate role act arsenal well need man power need billion dollar worth weapon defense time near able pay ready cash tell must surrender merely present inability pay weapon know must recommend make loan dollar pay loan repay dollar recommend make possible nation continue obtain war material united state fit order program nearly materiel would time ever come useful defense take counsel expert military naval authority consider best security free decide much keep much sent abroad friend determine heroic resistance give u time make ready defense send abroad shall repay within reasonable time follow close hostility similar material option good many kind produce need let u say democracy americans vitally concern defense freedom put forth energy resource organize power give strength regain maintain free world shall send number ship plane tank gun purpose pledge fulfillment purpose intimidate threat dictator regard breach international law act war aid democracy dare resist aggression aid act war even dictator unilaterally proclaim dictator dictator ready make war upon u wait act war part wait norway belgium netherlands commit act war interest new international law lack mutuality observance therefore become instrument oppression happiness future generation american may well depend upon effective immediate make aid felt one tell exact character emergency situation may call upon meet nation hand must tie nation life danger must prepare make sacrifice serious war whatever stand way speed efficiency defense preparation must give way national need free nation right expect full cooperation group free nation right look leader business labor agriculture take lead stimulate effort among group within group best way deal slacker trouble maker midst first shame patriotic example fails use sovereignty government save government men live bread alone fight armament alone man defenses behind build defense must stamina courage come unshakable belief manner life defend mighty action call base disregard thing worth fight nation take great satisfaction much strength thing do make people conscious individual stake preservation democratic life america thing toughen fibre people renew faith strengthened devotion institution make ready protect certainly time u stop think social economic problem root social revolution today supreme factor world nothing mysterious foundation healthy strong democracy basic thing expect people political economic system simple equality opportunity youth others job work security need end special privilege preservation civil liberty enjoyment fruit scientific progress wider constantly rise standard live simple basic thing must never lose sight turmoil unbelievable complexity modern world inner abide strength economic political system dependent upon degree fulfill expectation many subject connect social economy call immediate improvement example bring citizen coverage pension unemployment insurance widen opportunity adequate medical care plan well system person deserve need gainful employment may obtain call personal sacrifice assure willingness almost americans respond call part sacrifice mean payment money tax budget message shall recommend great portion great defense program pay taxation pay today person try allow get rich program principle tax payment accordance ability pay constantly eye guide legislation congress maintain principle voter put patriotism ahead pocketbooks give applause future day seek make secure look forward world found upon four essential human freedom first freedom speech world second freedom every person worship god world third freedom translate world term mean economic understanding secure every nation healthy peacetime life world fourth freedom translate world term mean reduction armament point thorough fashion nation position commit act physical aggression world vision distant millennium definite basis kind world attainable time generation kind world antithesis new order tyranny dictator seek create crash bomb new order oppose great moral order good society able face scheme world domination foreign revolution alike without fear since begin american history engage perpetual peaceful revolution go steadily quietly adjust change concentration camp ditch world order seek cooperation free country work together friendly civilized society nation place destiny hand head heart million free men woman faith freedom guidance god freedom mean supremacy human right everywhere support go struggle gain right keep strength unity purpose high concept end save victory