Mr. President, Mr. Speaker, Members of the 96th Congress, fellow citizens: This last few months has not been an easy time for any of us. As we meet tonight, it has never been more clear that the state of our Union depends on the state of the world. And tonight, as throughout our own generation, freedom and peace in the world depend on the state of our Union. The 1980's have been born in turmoil, strife, and change. This is a time of challenge to our interests and our values and it's a time that tests our wisdom and our skills. At this time in Iran, 50 Americans are still held captive, innocent victims of terrorism and anarchy. Also at this moment, massive Soviet troops are attempting to subjugate the fiercely independent and deeply religious people of Afghanistan. These two acts—one of international terrorism and one of military aggression-present a serious challenge to the United States of America and indeed to all the nations of the world. Together, we will meet these threats to peace. I'm determined that the United States will remain the strongest of all nations, but our power will never be used to initiate a threat to the security of any nation or to the rights of any human being. We seek to be and to remain secure—a nation at peace in a stable world. But to be secure we must face the world as it is. Three basic developments have helped to shape our challenges: the steady growth and increased projection of Soviet military power beyond its own borders; the overwhelming dependence of the Western democracies on oil supplies from the Middle East; and the press of social and religious and economic and political change in the many nations of the developing world, exemplified by the revolution in Iran. Each of these factors is important in its own right. Each interacts with the others. All must be faced together, squarely and courageously. We will face these challenges, and we will meet them with the best that is in us. And we will not fail. In response to the abhorrent act in Iran, our Nation has never been aroused and unified so greatly in peacetime. Our position is clear. The United States will not yield to blackmail. We continue to pursue these specific goals: first, to protect the present and long-range interests of the United States; secondly, to preserve the lives of the American hostages and to secure, as quickly as possible, their safe release, if possible, to avoid bloodshed which might further endanger the lives of our fellow citizens; to enlist the help of other nations in condemning this act of violence, which is shocking and violates the moral and the legal standards of a civilized world; and also to convince and to persuade the Iranian leaders that the real danger to their nation lies in the north, in the Soviet Union and from the Soviet troops now in Afghanistan, and that the unwarranted Iranian quarrel with the United States hampers their response to this far greater danger to them. If the American hostages are harmed, a severe price will be paid. We will never rest until every one of the American hostages are released. But now we face a broader and more fundamental challenge in this region because of the recent military action of the Soviet Union. Now, as during the last 3 1/2 decades, the relationship between our country, the United States of America, and the Soviet Union is the most critical factor in determining whether the world will live at peace or be engulfed in global conflict. Since the end of the Second World War, America has led other nations in meeting the challenge of mounting Soviet power. This has not been a simple or a static relationship. Between us there has been cooperation, there has been competition, and at times there has been confrontation. In the 1940's we took the lead in creating the Atlantic Alliance in response to the Soviet Union's suppression and then consolidation of its East European empire and the resulting threat of the Warsaw Pact to Western Europe. In the 1950's we helped to contain further Soviet challenges in Korea and in the Middle East, and we rearmed to assure the continuation of that containment. In the 1960's we met the Soviet challenges in Berlin, and we faced the Cuban missile crisis. And we sought to engage the Soviet Union in the important task of moving beyond the cold war and away from confrontation. And in the 1970's three American Presidents negotiated with the Soviet leaders in attempts to halt the growth of the nuclear arms race. We sought to establish rules of behavior that would reduce the risks of conflict, and we searched for areas of cooperation that could make our relations reciprocal and productive, not only for the sake of our two nations but for the security and peace of the entire world. In all these actions, we have maintained two commitments: to be ready to meet any challenge by Soviet military power, and to develop ways to resolve disputes and to keep the peace. Preventing nuclear war is the foremost responsibility of the two superpowers. That's why we've negotiated the strategic arms limitation treaties—SALT I and SALT II. Especially now, in a time of great tension, observing the mutual constraints imposed by the terms of these treaties will be in the best interest of both countries and will help to preserve world peace. I will consult very closely with the Congress on this matter as we strive to control nuclear weapons. That effort to control nuclear weapons will not be abandoned. We superpowers also have the responsibility to exercise restraint in the use of our great military force. The integrity and the independence of weaker nations must not be threatened. They must know that in our presence they are secure. But now the Soviet Union has taken a radical and an aggressive new step. It's using its great military power against a relatively defenseless nation. The implications of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan could pose the most serious threat to the peace since the Second World War. The vast majority of nations on Earth have condemned this latest Soviet attempt to extend its colonial domination of others and have demanded the immediate withdrawal of Soviet troops. The Moslem world is especially and justifiably outraged by this aggression against an Islamic people. No action of a world power has ever been so quickly and so overwhelmingly condemned. But verbal condemnation is not enough. The Soviet Union must pay a concrete price for their aggression. While this invasion continues, we and the other nations of the world cannot conduct business as usual with the Soviet Union. That's why the United States has imposed stiff economic penalties on the Soviet Union. I will not issue any permits for Soviet ships to fish in the coastal waters of the United States. I've cut Soviet access to high-technology equipment and to agricultural products. I've limited other commerce with the Soviet Union, and I've asked our allies and friends to join with us in restraining their own trade with the Soviets and not to replace our own embargoed items. And I have notified the Olympic Committee that with Soviet invading forces in Afghanistan, neither the American people nor I will support sending an Olympic team to Moscow. The Soviet Union is going to have to answer some basic questions: Will it help promote a more stable international environment in which its own legitimate, peaceful concerns can be pursued? Or will it continue to expand its military power far beyond its genuine security needs, and use that power for colonial conquest? The Soviet Union must realize that its decision to use military force in Afghanistan will be costly to every political and economic relationship it values. The region which is now threatened by Soviet troops in Afghanistan is of great strategic importance: It contains more than two-thirds of the world's exportable oil. The Soviet effort to dominate Afghanistan has brought Soviet military forces to within 300 miles of the Indian Ocean and close to the Straits of Hormuz, a waterway through which most of the world's oil must flow. The Soviet Union is now attempting to consolidate a strategic position, therefore, that poses a grave threat to the free movement of Middle East oil. This situation demands careful thought, steady nerves, and resolute action, not only for this year but for many years to come. It demands collective efforts to meet this new threat to security in the Persian Gulf and in Southwest Asia. It demands the participation of all those who rely on oil from the Middle East and who are concerned with global peace and stability. And it demands consultation and close cooperation with countries in the area which might be threatened. Meeting this challenge will take national will, diplomatic and political wisdom, economic sacrifice, and, of course, military capability. We must call on the best that is in us to preserve the security of this crucial region. Let our position be absolutely clear: An attempt by any outside force to gain control of the Persian Gulf region will be regarded as an assault on the vital interests of the United States of America, and such an assault will be repelled by any means necessary, including military force. During the past 3 years, you have joined with me to improve our own security and the prospects for peace, not only in the vital oil-producing area of the Persian Gulf region but around the world. We've increased annually our real commitment for defense, and we will sustain this increase of effort throughout the Five Year Defense Program. It's imperative that Congress approve this strong defense budget for 1981, encompassing a 5-percent real growth in authorizations, without any reduction. We are also improving our capability to deploy U.S. military forces rapidly to distant areas. We've helped to strengthen NATO and our other alliances, and recently we and other NATO members have decided to develop and to deploy modernized, intermediate-range nuclear forces to meet an unwarranted and increased threat from the nuclear weapons of the Soviet Union. We are working with our allies to prevent conflict in the Middle East. The peace treaty between Egypt and Israel is a notable achievement which represents a strategic asset for America and which also enhances prospects for regional and world peace. We are now engaged in further negotiations to provide full autonomy for the people of the West Bank and Gaza, to resolve the Palestinian issue in all its aspects, and to preserve the peace and security of Israel. Let no one doubt our commitment to the security of Israel. In a few days we will observe an historic event when Israel makes another major withdrawal from the Sinai and when Ambassadors will be exchanged between Israel and Egypt. We've also expanded our own sphere of friendship. Our deep commitment to human rights and to meeting human needs has improved our relationship with much of the Third World. Our decision to normalize relations with the People's Republic of China will help to preserve peace and stability in Asia and in the Western Pacific. We've increased and strengthened our naval presence in the Indian Ocean, and we are now making arrangements for key naval and air facilities to be used by our forces in the region of northeast Africa and the Persian Gulf. We've reconfirmed our 1959 agreement to help Pakistan preserve its independence and its integrity. The United States will take action consistent with our own laws to assist Pakistan in resisting any outside aggression. And I'm asking the Congress specifically to reaffirm this agreement. I'm also working, along with the leaders of other nations, to provide additional military and economic aid for Pakistan. That request will come to you in just a few days. In the weeks ahead, we will further strengthen political and military ties with other nations in the region. We believe that there are no irreconcilable differences between us and any Islamic nation. We respect the faith of Islam, and we are ready to cooperate with all Moslem countries. Finally, we are prepared to work with other countries in the region to share a cooperative security framework that respects differing values and political beliefs, yet which enhances the independence, security, and prosperity of all. All these efforts combined emphasize our dedication to defend and preserve the vital interests of the region and of the nation which we represent and those of our allies—in Europe and the Pacific, and also in the parts of the world which have such great strategic importance to us, stretching especially through the Middle East and Southwest Asia. With your help, I will pursue these efforts with vigor and with determination. You and I will act as necessary to protect and to preserve our Nation's security. The men and women of America's Armed Forces are on duty tonight in many parts of the world. I'm proud of the job they are doing, and I know you share that pride. I believe that our volunteer forces are adequate for current defense needs, and I hope that it will not become necessary to impose a draft. However, we must be prepared for that possibility. For this reason, I have determined that the Selective Service System must now be revitalized. I will send legislation and budget proposals to the Congress next month so that we can begin registration and then meet future mobilization needs rapidly if they arise. We also need clear and quick passage of a new charter to define the legal authority and accountability of our intelligence agencies. We will guarantee that abuses do not recur, but we must tighten our controls on sensitive intelligence information, and we need to remove unwarranted restraints on America's ability to collect intelligence. The decade ahead will be a time of rapid change, as nations everywhere seek to deal with new problems and age-old tensions. But America need have no fear. We can thrive in a world of change if we remain true to our values and actively engaged in promoting world peace. We will continue to work as we have for peace in the Middle East and southern Africa. We will continue to build our ties with developing nations, respecting and helping to strengthen their national independence which they have struggled so hard to achieve. And we will continue to support the growth of democracy and the protection of human rights. In repressive regimes, popular frustrations often have no outlet except through violence. But when peoples and their governments can approach their problems together through open, democratic methods, the basis for stability and peace is far more solid and far more enduring. That is why our support for human rights in other countries is in our own national interest as well as part of our own national character. Peace—a peace that preserves freedom-remains America's first goal. In the coming years, as a mighty nation we will continue to pursue peace. But to be strong abroad we must be strong at home. And in order to be strong, we must continue to face up to the difficult issues that confront us as a nation today. The crises in Iran and Afghanistan have dramatized a very important lesson: Our excessive dependence on foreign oil is a clear and present danger to our Nation's security. The need has never been more urgent. At long last, we must have a clear, comprehensive energy policy for the United States. As you well know, I have been working with the Congress in a concentrated and persistent way over the past 3 years to meet this need. We have made progress together. But Congress must act promptly now to complete final action on this vital energy legislation. Our Nation will then have a major conservation effort, important initiatives to develop solar power, realistic pricing based on the true value of oil, strong incentives for the production of coal and other fossil fuels in the United States, and our Nation's most massive peacetime investment in the development of synthetic fuels. The American people are making progress in energy conservation. Last year we reduced overall petroleum consumption by 8 percent and gasoline consumption by 5 percent below what it was the year before. Now we must do more. After consultation with the Governors, we will set gasoline conservation goals for each of the 50 States, and I will make them mandatory if these goals are not met. I've established an import ceiling for 1980 of 8.2 million barrels a day—well below the level of foreign oil purchases in 1977. I expect our imports to be much lower than this, but the ceiling will be enforced by an oil import fee if necessary. I'm prepared to lower these imports still further if the other oil-consuming countries will join us in a fair and mutual reduction. If we have a serious shortage, I will not hesitate to impose mandatory gasoline rationing immediately. The single biggest factor in the inflation rate last year, the increase in the inflation rate last year, was from one cause: the skyrocketing prices of OPEC oil. We must take whatever actions are necessary to reduce our dependence on foreign oil-and at the same time reduce inflation. As individuals and as families, few of us can produce energy by ourselves. But all of us can conserve energy—every one of us, every day of our lives. Tonight I call on you—in fact, all the people of America—to help our Nation. Conserve energy. Eliminate waste. Make 1980 indeed a year of energy conservation. Of course, we must take other actions to strengthen our Nation's economy. First, we will continue to reduce the deficit and then to balance the Federal budget. Second, as we continue to work with business to hold down prices, we'll build also on the historic national accord with organized labor to restrain pay increases in a fair fight against inflation. Third, we will continue our successful efforts to cut paperwork and to dismantle unnecessary Government regulation. Fourth, we will continue our progress in providing jobs for America, concentrating on a major new program to provide training and work for our young people, especially minority youth. It has been said that "a mind is a terrible thing to waste." We will give our young people new hope for jobs and a better life in the 1980's. And fifth, we must use the decade of the 1980's to attack the basic structural weaknesses and problems in our economy through measures to increase productivity, savings, and investment. With these energy and economic policies, we will make America even stronger at home in this decade—just as our foreign and defense policies will make us stronger and safer throughout the world. We will never abandon our struggle for a just and a decent society here at home. That's the heart of America—and it's the source of our ability to inspire other people to defend their own rights abroad. Our material resources, great as they are, are limited. Our problems are too complex for simple slogans or for quick solutions. We cannot solve them without effort and sacrifice. Walter Lippmann once reminded us, "You took the good things for granted. Now you must earn them again. For every right that you cherish, you have a duty which you must fulfill. For every good which you wish to preserve, you will have to sacrifice your comfort and your ease. There is nothing for nothing any longer." Our challenges are formidable. But there's a new spirit of unity and resolve in our country. We move into the 1980's with confidence and hope and a bright vision of the America we want: an America strong and free, an America at peace, an America with equal rights for all citizens-and for women, guaranteed in the United States Constitution—an America with jobs and good health and good education for every citizen, an America with a clean and bountiful life in our cities and on our farms, an America that helps to feed the world, an America secure in filling its own energy needs, an America of justice, tolerance, and compassion. For this vision to come true, we must sacrifice, but this national commitment will be an exciting enterprise that will unify our people. Together as one people, let us work to build our strength at home, and together as one indivisible union, let us seek peace and security throughout the world. Together let us make of this time of challenge and danger a decade of national resolve and of brave achievement. 
Thank you very much.
Mr. President, Mr. Speaker, Members of the 96th Congress, fellow citizens: This last few months has not been an easy time for any of us. As we meet tonight, it has never been more clear that the state of our Union depends on the state of the world. And tonight, as throughout our own generation, freedom and peace in the world depend on the state of our Union. The 1980's have been born in turmoil, strife, and change. This is a time of challenge to our interests and our values and it is a time that tests our wisdom and our skills. At this time in Iran, 50 Americans are still held captive, innocent victims of terrorism and anarchy. Also at this moment, massive Soviet troops are attempting to subjugate the fiercely independent and deeply religious people of Afghanistan. These two acts—one of international terrorism and one of military aggression-present a serious challenge to the United States of America and indeed to all the nations of the world. Together, we will meet these threats to peace. I am determined that the United States will remain the strongest of all nations, but our power will never be used to initiate a threat to the security of any nation or to the rights of any human being. We seek to be and to remain secure—a nation at peace in a stable world. But to be secure we must face the world as it is. Three basic developments have helped to shape our challenges: the steady growth and increased projection of Soviet military power beyond its own borders; the overwhelming dependence of the Western democracies on oil supplies from the Middle East; and the press of social and religious and economic and political change in the many nations of the developing world, exemplified by the revolution in Iran. Each of these factors is important in its own right. Each interacts with the others. All must be faced together, squarely and courageously. We will face these challenges, and we will meet them with the best that is in us. And we will not fail. In response to the abhorrent act in Iran, our Nation has never been aroused and unified so greatly in peacetime. Our position is clear. The United States will not yield to blackmail. We continue to pursue these specific goals: first, to protect the present and long-range interests of the United States; secondly, to preserve the lives of the American hostages and to secure, as quickly as possible, their safe release, if possible, to avoid bloodshed which might further endanger the lives of our fellow citizens; to enlist the help of other nations in condemning this act of violence, which is shocking and violates the moral and the legal standards of a civilized world; and also to convince and to persuade the Iranian leaders that the real danger to their nation lies in the north, in the Soviet Union and from the Soviet troops now in Afghanistan, and that the unwarranted Iranian quarrel with the United States hampers their response to this far greater danger to them. If the American hostages are harmed, a severe price will be paid. We will never rest until every one of the American hostages are released. But now we face a broader and more fundamental challenge in this region because of the recent military action of the Soviet Union. Now, as during the last 3 1/2 decades, the relationship between our country, the United States of America, and the Soviet Union is the most critical factor in determining whether the world will live at peace or be engulfed in global conflict. Since the end of the Second World War, America has led other nations in meeting the challenge of mounting Soviet power. This has not been a simple or a static relationship. Between us there has been cooperation, there has been competition, and at times there has been confrontation. In the 1940's we took the lead in creating the Atlantic Alliance in response to the Soviet Union's suppression and then consolidation of its East European empire and the resulting threat of the Warsaw Pact to Western Europe. In the 1950's we helped to contain further Soviet challenges in Korea and in the Middle East, and we rearmed to assure the continuation of that containment. In the 1960's we met the Soviet challenges in Berlin, and we faced the Cuban missile crisis. And we sought to engage the Soviet Union in the important task of moving beyond the cold war and away from confrontation. And in the 1970's three American Presidents negotiated with the Soviet leaders in attempts to halt the growth of the nuclear arms race. We sought to establish rules of behavior that would reduce the risks of conflict, and we searched for areas of cooperation that could make our relations reciprocal and productive, not only for the sake of our two nations but for the security and peace of the entire world. In all these actions, we have maintained two commitments: to be ready to meet any challenge by Soviet military power, and to develop ways to resolve disputes and to keep the peace. Preventing nuclear war is the foremost responsibility of the two superpowers. That is why we have negotiated the strategic arms limitation treaties—SALT I and SALT II. Especially now, in a time of great tension, observing the mutual constraints imposed by the terms of these treaties will be in the best interest of both countries and will help to preserve world peace. I will consult very closely with the Congress on this matter as we strive to control nuclear weapons. That effort to control nuclear weapons will not be abandoned. We superpowers also have the responsibility to exercise restraint in the use of our great military force. The integrity and the independence of weaker nations must not be threatened. They must know that in our presence they are secure. But now the Soviet Union has taken a radical and an aggressive new step. It is using its great military power against a relatively defenseless nation. The implications of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan could pose the most serious threat to the peace since the Second World War. The vast majority of nations on Earth have condemned this latest Soviet attempt to extend its colonial domination of others and have demanded the immediate withdrawal of Soviet troops. The Moslem world is especially and justifiably outraged by this aggression against an Islamic people. No action of a world power has ever been so quickly and so overwhelmingly condemned. But verbal condemnation is not enough. The Soviet Union must pay a concrete price for their aggression. While this invasion continues, we and the other nations of the world cannot conduct business as usual with the Soviet Union. That is why the United States has imposed stiff economic penalties on the Soviet Union. I will not issue any permits for Soviet ships to fish in the coastal waters of the United States. I have cut Soviet access to high-technology equipment and to agricultural products. I have limited other commerce with the Soviet Union, and I have asked our allies and friends to join with us in restraining their own trade with the Soviets and not to replace our own embargoed items. And I have notified the Olympic Committee that with Soviet invading forces in Afghanistan, neither the American people nor I will support sending an Olympic team to Moscow. The Soviet Union is going to have to answer some basic questions: Will it help promote a more stable international environment in which its own legitimate, peaceful concerns can be pursued? Or will it continue to expand its military power far beyond its genuine security needs, and use that power for colonial conquest? The Soviet Union must realize that its decision to use military force in Afghanistan will be costly to every political and economic relationship it values. The region which is now threatened by Soviet troops in Afghanistan is of great strategic importance: It contains more than two-thirds of the world's exportable oil. The Soviet effort to dominate Afghanistan has brought Soviet military forces to within 300 miles of the Indian Ocean and close to the Straits of Hormuz, a waterway through which most of the world's oil must flow. The Soviet Union is now attempting to consolidate a strategic position, therefore, that poses a grave threat to the free movement of Middle East oil. This situation demands careful thought, steady nerves, and resolute action, not only for this year but for many years to come. It demands collective efforts to meet this new threat to security in the Persian Gulf and in Southwest Asia. It demands the participation of all those who rely on oil from the Middle East and who are concerned with global peace and stability. And it demands consultation and close cooperation with countries in the area which might be threatened. Meeting this challenge will take national will, diplomatic and political wisdom, economic sacrifice, and, of course, military capability. We must call on the best that is in us to preserve the security of this crucial region. Let our position be absolutely clear: An attempt by any outside force to gain control of the Persian Gulf region will be regarded as an assault on the vital interests of the United States of America, and such an assault will be repelled by any means necessary, including military force. During the past 3 years, you have joined with me to improve our own security and the prospects for peace, not only in the vital oil-producing area of the Persian Gulf region but around the world. We have increased annually our real commitment for defense, and we will sustain this increase of effort throughout the Five Year Defense Program. It is imperative that Congress approve this strong defense budget for 1981, encompassing a 5-percent real growth in authorizations, without any reduction. We are also improving our capability to deploy YOU.S. military forces rapidly to distant areas. We have helped to strengthen NATO and our other alliances, and recently we and other NATO members have decided to develop and to deploy modernized, intermediate-range nuclear forces to meet an unwarranted and increased threat from the nuclear weapons of the Soviet Union. We are working with our allies to prevent conflict in the Middle East. The peace treaty between Egypt and Israel is a notable achievement which represents a strategic asset for America and which also enhances prospects for regional and world peace. We are now engaged in further negotiations to provide full autonomy for the people of the West Bank and Gaza, to resolve the Palestinian issue in all its aspects, and to preserve the peace and security of Israel. Let no one doubt our commitment to the security of Israel. In a few days we will observe an historic event when Israel makes another major withdrawal from the Sinai and when Ambassadors will be exchanged between Israel and Egypt. We have also expanded our own sphere of friendship. Our deep commitment to human rights and to meeting human needs has improved our relationship with much of the Third World. Our decision to normalize relations with the People's Republic of China will help to preserve peace and stability in Asia and in the Western Pacific. We have increased and strengthened our naval presence in the Indian Ocean, and we are now making arrangements for key naval and air facilities to be used by our forces in the region of northeast Africa and the Persian Gulf. We have reconfirmed our 1959 agreement to help Pakistan preserve its independence and its integrity. The United States will take action consistent with our own laws to assist Pakistan in resisting any outside aggression. And I am asking the Congress specifically to reaffirm this agreement. I am also working, along with the leaders of other nations, to provide additional military and economic aid for Pakistan. That request will come to you in just a few days. In the weeks ahead, we will further strengthen political and military ties with other nations in the region. We believe that there are no irreconcilable differences between us and any Islamic nation. We respect the faith of Islam, and we are ready to cooperate with all Moslem countries. Finally, we are prepared to work with other countries in the region to share a cooperative security framework that respects differing values and political beliefs, yet which enhances the independence, security, and prosperity of all. All these efforts combined emphasize our dedication to defend and preserve the vital interests of the region and of the nation which we represent and those of our allies—in Europe and the Pacific, and also in the parts of the world which have such great strategic importance to us, stretching especially through the Middle East and Southwest Asia. With your help, I will pursue these efforts with vigor and with determination. You and I will act as necessary to protect and to preserve our Nation's security. The men and women of America's Armed Forces are on duty tonight in many parts of the world. I am proud of the job they are doing, and I know you share that pride. I believe that our volunteer forces are adequate for current defense needs, and I hope that it will not become necessary to impose a draft. However, we must be prepared for that possibility. For this reason, I have determined that the Selective Service System must now be revitalized. I will send legislation and budget proposals to the Congress next month so that we can begin registration and then meet future mobilization needs rapidly if they arise. We also need clear and quick passage of a new charter to define the legal authority and accountability of our intelligence agencies. We will guarantee that abuses do not recur, but we must tighten our controls on sensitive intelligence information, and we need to remove unwarranted restraints on America's ability to collect intelligence. The decade ahead will be a time of rapid change, as nations everywhere seek to deal with new problems and age-old tensions. But America need have no fear. We can thrive in a world of change if we remain true to our values and actively engaged in promoting world peace. We will continue to work as we have for peace in the Middle East and southern Africa. We will continue to build our ties with developing nations, respecting and helping to strengthen their national independence which they have struggled so hard to achieve. And we will continue to support the growth of democracy and the protection of human rights. In repressive regimes, popular frustrations often have no outlet except through violence. But when peoples and their governments can approach their problems together through open, democratic methods, the basis for stability and peace is far more solid and far more enduring. That is why our support for human rights in other countries is in our own national interest as well as part of our own national character. Peace—a peace that preserves freedom-remains America's first goal. In the coming years, as a mighty nation we will continue to pursue peace. But to be strong abroad we must be strong at home. And in order to be strong, we must continue to face up to the difficult issues that confront us as a nation today. The crises in Iran and Afghanistan have dramatized a very important lesson: Our excessive dependence on foreign oil is a clear and present danger to our Nation's security. The need has never been more urgent. At long last, we must have a clear, comprehensive energy policy for the United States. As you well know, I have been working with the Congress in a concentrated and persistent way over the past 3 years to meet this need. We have made progress together. But Congress must act promptly now to complete final action on this vital energy legislation. Our Nation will then have a major conservation effort, important initiatives to develop solar power, realistic pricing based on the true value of oil, strong incentives for the production of coal and other fossil fuels in the United States, and our Nation's most massive peacetime investment in the development of synthetic fuels. The American people are making progress in energy conservation. Last year we reduced overall petroleum consumption by 8 percent and gasoline consumption by 5 percent below what it was the year before. Now we must do more. After consultation with the Governors, we will set gasoline conservation goals for each of the 50 States, and I will make them mandatory if these goals are not met. I have established an import ceiling for 1980 of 8.2 million barrels a day—well below the level of foreign oil purchases in 1977. I expect our imports to be much lower than this, but the ceiling will be enforced by an oil import fee if necessary. I am prepared to lower these imports still further if the other oil-consuming countries will join us in a fair and mutual reduction. If we have a serious shortage, I will not hesitate to impose mandatory gasoline rationing immediately. The single biggest factor in the inflation rate last year, the increase in the inflation rate last year, was from one because: the skyrocketing prices of OPEC oil. We must take whatever actions are necessary to reduce our dependence on foreign oil-and at the same time reduce inflation. As individuals and as families, few of us can produce energy by ourselves. But all of us can conserve energy—every one of us, every day of our lives. Tonight I call on you—in fact, all the people of America—to help our Nation. Conserve energy. Eliminate waste. Make 1980 indeed a year of energy conservation. Of course, we must take other actions to strengthen our Nation's economy. First, we will continue to reduce the deficit and then to balance the Federal budget. Second, as we continue to work with business to hold down prices, we will build also on the historic national accord with organized labor to restrain pay increases in a fair fight against inflation. Third, we will continue our successful efforts to cut paperwork and to dismantle unnecessary Government regulation. Fourth, we will continue our progress in providing jobs for America, concentrating on a major new program to provide training and work for our young people, especially minority youth. It has been said that "a mind is a terrible thing to waste." We will give our young people new hope for jobs and a better life in the 1980's. And fifth, we must use the decade of the 1980's to attack the basic structural weaknesses and problems in our economy through measures to increase productivity, savings, and investment. With these energy and economic policies, we will make America even stronger at home in this decade—just as our foreign and defense policies will make us stronger and safer throughout the world. We will never abandon our struggle for a just and a decent society here at home. That is the heart of America—and it is the source of our ability to inspire other people to defend their own rights abroad. Our material resources, great as they are, are limited. Our problems are too complex for simple slogans or for quick solutions. We cannot solve them without effort and sacrifice. Walter Lippmann once reminded us, "You took the good things for granted. Now you must earn them again. For every right that you cherish, you have a duty which you must fulfill. For every good which you wish to preserve, you will have to sacrifice your comfort and your ease. There is nothing for nothing any longer." Our challenges are formidable. But there is a new spirit of unity and resolve in our country. We move into the 1980's with confidence and hope and a bright vision of the America we want: an America strong and free, an America at peace, an America with equal rights for all citizens-and for women, guaranteed in the United States Constitution—an America with jobs and good health and good education for every citizen, an America with a clean and bountiful life in our cities and on our farms, an America that helps to feed the world, an America secure in filling its own energy needs, an America of justice, tolerance, and compassion. For this vision to come true, we must sacrifice, but this national commitment will be an exciting enterprise that will unify our people. Together as one people, let us work to build our strength at home, and together as one indivisible union, let us seek peace and security throughout the world. Together let us make of this time of challenge and danger a decade of national resolve and of brave achievement. Thank you very much.
president speaker members of the 96th congress fellow citizens this last few months has not been an easy time for any of us as we meet tonight it has never been more clear that the state of our union depends on the state of the world and tonight as throughout our own generation freedom and peace in the world depend on the state of our union the 1980 have been born in turmoil strife and change this is a time of challenge to our interests and our values and it is a time that tests our wisdom and our skills at this time in iran 50 americans are still held captive innocent victims of terrorism and anarchy also at this moment massive soviet troops are attempting to subjugate the fiercely independent and deeply religious people of afghanistan these two of international terrorism and one of military a serious challenge to the united states of america and indeed to all the nations of the world together we will meet these threats to peace i am determined that the united states will remain the strongest of all nations but our power will never be used to initiate a threat to the security of any nation or to the rights of any human being we seek to be and to remain nation at peace in a stable world but to be secure we must face the world as it is three basic developments have helped to shape our challenges the steady growth and increased projection of soviet military power beyond its own borders the overwhelming dependence of the western democracies on oil supplies from the middle east and the press of social and religious and economic and political change in the many nations of the developing world exemplified by the revolution in iran each of these factors is important in its own right each interacts with the others all must be faced together squarely and courageously we will face these challenges and we will meet them with the best that is in us and we will not fail in response to the abhorrent act in iran our nation has never been aroused and unified so greatly in peacetime our position is clear the united states will not yield to blackmail we continue to pursue these specific goals first to protect the present and interests of the united states secondly to preserve the lives of the american hostages and to secure as quickly as possible their safe release if possible to avoid bloodshed which might further endanger the lives of our fellow citizens to enlist the help of other nations in condemning this act of violence which is shocking and violates the moral and the legal standards of a civilized world and also to convince and to persuade the iranian leaders that the real danger to their nation lies in the north in the soviet union and from the soviet troops now in afghanistan and that the unwarranted iranian quarrel with the united states hampers their response to this far greater danger to them if the american hostages are harmed a severe price will be paid we will never rest until every one of the american hostages are released but now we face a broader and more fundamental challenge in this region because of the recent military action of the soviet union now as during the last 3 decades the relationship between our country the united states of america and the soviet union is the most critical factor in determining whether the world will live at peace or be engulfed in global conflict since the end of the second world war america has led other nations in meeting the challenge of mounting soviet power this has not been a simple or a static relationship between us there has been cooperation there has been competition and at times there has been confrontation in the 1940 we took the lead in creating the atlantic alliance in response to the soviet union suppression and then consolidation of its east european empire and the resulting threat of the warsaw pact to western europe in the 1950 we helped to contain further soviet challenges in korea and in the middle east and we rearmed to assure the continuation of that containment in the 1960 we met the soviet challenges in berlin and we faced the cuban missile crisis and we sought to engage the soviet union in the important task of moving beyond the cold war and away from confrontation and in the 1970 three american presidents negotiated with the soviet leaders in attempts to halt the growth of the nuclear arms race we sought to establish rules of behavior that would reduce the risks of conflict and we searched for areas of cooperation that could make our relations reciprocal and productive not only for the sake of our two nations but for the security and peace of the entire world in all these actions we have maintained two commitments to be ready to meet any challenge by soviet military power and to develop ways to resolve disputes and to keep the peace preventing nuclear war is the foremost responsibility of the two superpowers that is why we have negotiated the strategic arms limitation i and salt ii especially now in a time of great tension observing the mutual constraints imposed by the terms of these treaties will be in the best interest of both countries and will help to preserve world peace i will consult very closely with the congress on this matter as we strive to control nuclear weapons that effort to control nuclear weapons will not be abandoned we superpowers also have the responsibility to exercise restraint in the use of our great military force the integrity and the independence of weaker nations must not be threatened they must know that in our presence they are secure but now the soviet union has taken a radical and an aggressive new step it is using its great military power against a relatively defenseless nation the implications of the soviet invasion of afghanistan could pose the most serious threat to the peace since the second world war the vast majority of nations on earth have condemned this latest soviet attempt to extend its colonial domination of others and have demanded the immediate withdrawal of soviet troops the moslem world is especially and justifiably outraged by this aggression against an islamic people no action of a world power has ever been so quickly and so overwhelmingly condemned but verbal condemnation is not enough the soviet union must pay a concrete price for their aggression while this invasion continues we and the other nations of the world can not conduct business as usual with the soviet union that is why the united states has imposed stiff economic penalties on the soviet union i will not issue any permits for soviet ships to fish in the coastal waters of the united states i have cut soviet access to equipment and to agricultural products i have limited other commerce with the soviet union and i have asked our allies and friends to join with us in restraining their own trade with the soviets and not to replace our own embargoed items and i have notified the olympic committee that with soviet invading forces in afghanistan neither the american people nor i will support sending an olympic team to moscow the soviet union is going to have to answer some basic questions will it help promote a more stable international environment in which its own legitimate peaceful concerns can be pursued or will it continue to expand its military power far beyond its genuine security needs and use that power for colonial conquest the soviet union must realize that its decision to use military force in afghanistan will be costly to every political and economic relationship it values the region which is now threatened by soviet troops in afghanistan is of great strategic importance it contains more than of the world exportable oil the soviet effort to dominate afghanistan has brought soviet military forces to within 300 miles of the indian ocean and close to the straits of hormuz a waterway through which most of the world oil must flow the soviet union is now attempting to consolidate a strategic position therefore that poses a grave threat to the free movement of middle east oil this situation demands careful thought steady nerves and resolute action not only for this year but for many years to come it demands collective efforts to meet this new threat to security in the persian gulf and in southwest asia it demands the participation of all those who rely on oil from the middle east and who are concerned with global peace and stability and it demands consultation and close cooperation with countries in the area which might be threatened meeting this challenge will take national will diplomatic and political wisdom economic sacrifice and of course military capability we must call on the best that is in us to preserve the security of this crucial region let our position be absolutely clear an attempt by any outside force to gain control of the persian gulf region will be regarded as an assault on the vital interests of the united states of america and such an assault will be repelled by any means necessary including military force during the past 3 years you have joined with me to improve our own security and the prospects for peace not only in the vital area of the persian gulf region but around the world we have increased annually our real commitment for defense and we will sustain this increase of effort throughout the five year defense program it is imperative that congress approve this strong defense budget for 1981 encompassing a real growth in authorizations without any reduction we are also improving our capability to deploy military forces rapidly to distant areas we have helped to strengthen nato and our other alliances and recently we and other nato members have decided to develop and to deploy modernized nuclear forces to meet an unwarranted and increased threat from the nuclear weapons of the soviet union we are working with our allies to prevent conflict in the middle east the peace treaty between egypt and israel is a notable achievement which represents a strategic asset for america and which also enhances prospects for regional and world peace we are now engaged in further negotiations to provide full autonomy for the people of the west bank and gaza to resolve the palestinian issue in all its aspects and to preserve the peace and security of israel let no one doubt our commitment to the security of israel in a few days we will observe an historic event when israel makes another major withdrawal from the sinai and when ambassadors will be exchanged between israel and egypt we have also expanded our own sphere of friendship our deep commitment to human rights and to meeting human needs has improved our relationship with much of the third world our decision to normalize relations with the people republic of china will help to preserve peace and stability in asia and in the western pacific we have increased and strengthened our naval presence in the indian ocean and we are now making arrangements for key naval and air facilities to be used by our forces in the region of northeast africa and the persian gulf we have reconfirmed our 1959 agreement to help pakistan preserve its independence and its integrity the united states will take action consistent with our own laws to assist pakistan in resisting any outside aggression and i am asking the congress specifically to reaffirm this agreement i am also working along with the leaders of other nations to provide additional military and economic aid for pakistan that request will come to you in just a few days in the weeks ahead we will further strengthen political and military ties with other nations in the region we believe that there are no irreconcilable differences between us and any islamic nation we respect the faith of islam and we are ready to cooperate with all moslem countries finally we are prepared to work with other countries in the region to share a cooperative security framework that respects differing values and political beliefs yet which enhances the independence security and prosperity of all all these efforts combined emphasize our dedication to defend and preserve the vital interests of the region and of the nation which we represent and those of our europe and the pacific and also in the parts of the world which have such great strategic importance to us stretching especially through the middle east and southwest asia with your help i will pursue these efforts with vigor and with determination you and i will act as necessary to protect and to preserve our nation security the men and women of america armed forces are on duty tonight in many parts of the world i am proud of the job they are doing and i know you share that pride i believe that our volunteer forces are adequate for current defense needs and i hope that it will not become necessary to impose a draft however we must be prepared for that possibility for this reason i have determined that the selective service system must now be revitalized i will send legislation and budget proposals to the congress next month so that we can begin registration and then meet future mobilization needs rapidly if they arise we also need clear and quick passage of a new charter to define the legal authority and accountability of our intelligence agencies we will guarantee that abuses do not recur but we must tighten our controls on sensitive intelligence information and we need to remove unwarranted restraints on america ability to collect intelligence the decade ahead will be a time of rapid change as nations everywhere seek to deal with new problems and tensions but america need have no fear we can thrive in a world of change if we remain true to our values and actively engaged in promoting world peace we will continue to work as we have for peace in the middle east and southern africa we will continue to build our ties with developing nations respecting and helping to strengthen their national independence which they have struggled so hard to achieve and we will continue to support the growth of democracy and the protection of human rights in repressive regimes popular frustrations often have no outlet except through violence but when peoples and their governments can approach their problems together through open democratic methods the basis for stability and peace is far more solid and far more enduring that is why our support for human rights in other countries is in our own national interest as well as part of our own national character peace that preserves america first goal in the coming years as a mighty nation we will continue to pursue peace but to be strong abroad we must be strong at home and in order to be strong we must continue to face up to the difficult issues that confront us as a nation today the crises in iran and afghanistan have dramatized a very important lesson our excessive dependence on foreign oil is a clear and present danger to our nation security the need has never been more urgent at long last we must have a clear comprehensive energy policy for the united states as you well know i have been working with the congress in a concentrated and persistent way over the past 3 years to meet this need we have made progress together but congress must act promptly now to complete final action on this vital energy legislation our nation will then have a major conservation effort important initiatives to develop solar power realistic pricing based on the true value of oil strong incentives for the production of coal and other fossil fuels in the united states and our nation most massive peacetime investment in the development of synthetic fuels the american people are making progress in energy conservation last year we reduced overall petroleum consumption by 8 percent and gasoline consumption by 5 percent below what it was the year before now we must do more after consultation with the governors we will set gasoline conservation goals for each of the 50 states and i will make them mandatory if these goals are not met i have established an import ceiling for 1980 of million barrels a below the level of foreign oil purchases in 1977 i expect our imports to be much lower than this but the ceiling will be enforced by an oil import fee if necessary i am prepared to lower these imports still further if the other countries will join us in a fair and mutual reduction if we have a serious shortage i will not hesitate to impose mandatory gasoline rationing immediately the single biggest factor in the inflation rate last year the increase in the inflation rate last year was from one because the skyrocketing prices of opec oil we must take whatever actions are necessary to reduce our dependence on foreign at the same time reduce inflation as individuals and as families few of us can produce energy by ourselves but all of us can conserve one of us every day of our lives tonight i call on fact all the people of help our nation conserve energy eliminate waste make 1980 indeed a year of energy conservation of course we must take other actions to strengthen our nation economy first we will continue to reduce the deficit and then to balance the federal budget second as we continue to work with business to hold down prices we will build also on the historic national accord with organized labor to restrain pay increases in a fair fight against inflation third we will continue our successful efforts to cut paperwork and to dismantle unnecessary government regulation fourth we will continue our progress in providing jobs for america concentrating on a major new program to provide training and work for our young people especially minority youth it has been said that a mind is a terrible thing to waste we will give our young people new hope for jobs and a better life in the 1980 and fifth we must use the decade of the 1980 to attack the basic structural weaknesses and problems in our economy through measures to increase productivity savings and investment with these energy and economic policies we will make america even stronger at home in this as our foreign and defense policies will make us stronger and safer throughout the world we will never abandon our struggle for a just and a decent society here at home that is the heart of it is the source of our ability to inspire other people to defend their own rights abroad our material resources great as they are are limited our problems are too complex for simple slogans or for quick solutions we can not solve them without effort and sacrifice walter lippmann once reminded us you took the good things for granted now you must earn them again for every right that you cherish you have a duty which you must fulfill for every good which you wish to preserve you will have to sacrifice your comfort and your ease there is nothing for nothing any longer our challenges are formidable but there is a new spirit of unity and resolve in our country we move into the 1980 with confidence and hope and a bright vision of the america we want an america strong and free an america at peace an america with equal rights for all for women guaranteed in the united states america with jobs and good health and good education for every citizen an america with a clean and bountiful life in our cities and on our farms an america that helps to feed the world an america secure in filling its own energy needs an america of justice tolerance and compassion for this vision to come true we must sacrifice but this national commitment will be an exciting enterprise that will unify our people together as one people let us work to build our strength at home and together as one indivisible union let us seek peace and security throughout the world together let us make of this time of challenge and danger a decade of national resolve and of brave achievement thank you very much
president speaker members 96th congress fellow citizens last months easy time us meet tonight never clear state union depends state world tonight throughout generation freedom peace world depend state union 1980 born turmoil strife change time challenge interests values time tests wisdom skills time iran 50 americans still held captive innocent victims terrorism anarchy also moment massive soviet troops attempting subjugate fiercely independent deeply religious people afghanistan two international terrorism one military serious challenge united states america indeed nations world together meet threats peace determined united states remain strongest nations power never used initiate threat security nation rights human seek remain nation peace stable world secure must face world three basic developments helped shape challenges steady growth increased projection soviet military power beyond borders overwhelming dependence western democracies oil supplies middle east press social religious economic political change many nations developing world exemplified revolution iran factors important right interacts others must faced together squarely courageously face challenges meet best us fail response abhorrent act iran nation never aroused unified greatly peacetime position clear united states yield blackmail continue pursue specific goals first protect present interests united states secondly preserve lives american hostages secure quickly possible safe release possible avoid bloodshed might endanger lives fellow citizens enlist help nations condemning act violence shocking violates moral legal standards civilized world also convince persuade iranian leaders real danger nation lies north soviet union soviet troops afghanistan unwarranted iranian quarrel united states hampers response far greater danger american hostages harmed severe price paid never rest every one american hostages released face broader fundamental challenge region recent military action soviet union last 3 decades relationship country united states america soviet union critical factor determining whether world live peace engulfed global conflict since end second world war america led nations meeting challenge mounting soviet power simple static relationship us cooperation competition times confrontation 1940 took lead creating atlantic alliance response soviet union suppression consolidation east european empire resulting threat warsaw pact western europe 1950 helped contain soviet challenges korea middle east rearmed assure continuation containment 1960 met soviet challenges berlin faced cuban missile crisis sought engage soviet union important task moving beyond cold war away confrontation 1970 three american presidents negotiated soviet leaders attempts halt growth nuclear arms race sought establish rules behavior would reduce risks conflict searched areas cooperation could make relations reciprocal productive sake two nations security peace entire world actions maintained two commitments ready meet challenge soviet military power develop ways resolve disputes keep peace preventing nuclear war foremost responsibility two superpowers negotiated strategic arms limitation salt ii especially time great tension observing mutual constraints imposed terms treaties best interest countries help preserve world peace consult closely congress matter strive control nuclear weapons effort control nuclear weapons abandoned superpowers also responsibility exercise restraint use great military force integrity independence weaker nations must threatened must know presence secure soviet union taken radical aggressive new step using great military power relatively defenseless nation implications soviet invasion afghanistan could pose serious threat peace since second world war vast majority nations earth condemned latest soviet attempt extend colonial domination others demanded immediate withdrawal soviet troops moslem world especially justifiably outraged aggression islamic people action world power ever quickly overwhelmingly condemned verbal condemnation enough soviet union must pay concrete price aggression invasion continues nations world conduct business usual soviet union united states imposed stiff economic penalties soviet union issue permits soviet ships fish coastal waters united states cut soviet access equipment agricultural products limited commerce soviet union asked allies friends join us restraining trade soviets replace embargoed items notified olympic committee soviet invading forces afghanistan neither american people support sending olympic team moscow soviet union going answer basic questions help promote stable international environment legitimate peaceful concerns pursued continue expand military power far beyond genuine security needs use power colonial conquest soviet union must realize decision use military force afghanistan costly every political economic relationship values region threatened soviet troops afghanistan great strategic importance contains world exportable oil soviet effort dominate afghanistan brought soviet military forces within 300 miles indian ocean close straits hormuz waterway world oil must flow soviet union attempting consolidate strategic position therefore poses grave threat free movement middle east oil situation demands careful thought steady nerves resolute action year many years come demands collective efforts meet new threat security persian gulf southwest asia demands participation rely oil middle east concerned global peace stability demands consultation close cooperation countries area might threatened meeting challenge take national diplomatic political wisdom economic sacrifice course military capability must call best us preserve security crucial region let position absolutely clear attempt outside force gain control persian gulf region regarded assault vital interests united states america assault repelled means necessary including military force past 3 years joined improve security prospects peace vital area persian gulf region around world increased annually real commitment defense sustain increase effort throughout five year defense program imperative congress approve strong defense budget 1981 encompassing real growth authorizations without reduction also improving capability deploy military forces rapidly distant areas helped strengthen nato alliances recently nato members decided develop deploy modernized nuclear forces meet unwarranted increased threat nuclear weapons soviet union working allies prevent conflict middle east peace treaty egypt israel notable achievement represents strategic asset america also enhances prospects regional world peace engaged negotiations provide full autonomy people west bank gaza resolve palestinian issue aspects preserve peace security israel let one doubt commitment security israel days observe historic event israel makes another major withdrawal sinai ambassadors exchanged israel egypt also expanded sphere friendship deep commitment human rights meeting human needs improved relationship much third world decision normalize relations people republic china help preserve peace stability asia western pacific increased strengthened naval presence indian ocean making arrangements key naval air facilities used forces region northeast africa persian gulf reconfirmed 1959 agreement help pakistan preserve independence integrity united states take action consistent laws assist pakistan resisting outside aggression asking congress specifically reaffirm agreement also working along leaders nations provide additional military economic aid pakistan request come days weeks ahead strengthen political military ties nations region believe irreconcilable differences us islamic nation respect faith islam ready cooperate moslem countries finally prepared work countries region share cooperative security framework respects differing values political beliefs yet enhances independence security prosperity efforts combined emphasize dedication defend preserve vital interests region nation represent europe pacific also parts world great strategic importance us stretching especially middle east southwest asia help pursue efforts vigor determination act necessary protect preserve nation security men women america armed forces duty tonight many parts world proud job know share pride believe volunteer forces adequate current defense needs hope become necessary impose draft however must prepared possibility reason determined selective service system must revitalized send legislation budget proposals congress next month begin registration meet future mobilization needs rapidly arise also need clear quick passage new charter define legal authority accountability intelligence agencies guarantee abuses recur must tighten controls sensitive intelligence information need remove unwarranted restraints america ability collect intelligence decade ahead time rapid change nations everywhere seek deal new problems tensions america need fear thrive world change remain true values actively engaged promoting world peace continue work peace middle east southern africa continue build ties developing nations respecting helping strengthen national independence struggled hard achieve continue support growth democracy protection human rights repressive regimes popular frustrations often outlet except violence peoples governments approach problems together open democratic methods basis stability peace far solid far enduring support human rights countries national interest well part national character peace preserves america first goal coming years mighty nation continue pursue peace strong abroad must strong home order strong must continue face difficult issues confront us nation today crises iran afghanistan dramatized important lesson excessive dependence foreign oil clear present danger nation security need never urgent long last must clear comprehensive energy policy united states well know working congress concentrated persistent way past 3 years meet need made progress together congress must act promptly complete final action vital energy legislation nation major conservation effort important initiatives develop solar power realistic pricing based true value oil strong incentives production coal fossil fuels united states nation massive peacetime investment development synthetic fuels american people making progress energy conservation last year reduced overall petroleum consumption 8 percent gasoline consumption 5 percent year must consultation governors set gasoline conservation goals 50 states make mandatory goals met established import ceiling 1980 million barrels level foreign oil purchases 1977 expect imports much lower ceiling enforced oil import fee necessary prepared lower imports still countries join us fair mutual reduction serious shortage hesitate impose mandatory gasoline rationing immediately single biggest factor inflation rate last year increase inflation rate last year one skyrocketing prices opec oil must take whatever actions necessary reduce dependence foreign time reduce inflation individuals families us produce energy us conserve one us every day lives tonight call fact people help nation conserve energy eliminate waste make 1980 indeed year energy conservation course must take actions strengthen nation economy first continue reduce deficit balance federal budget second continue work business hold prices build also historic national accord organized labor restrain pay increases fair fight inflation third continue successful efforts cut paperwork dismantle unnecessary government regulation fourth continue progress providing jobs america concentrating major new program provide training work young people especially minority youth said mind terrible thing waste give young people new hope jobs better life 1980 fifth must use decade 1980 attack basic structural weaknesses problems economy measures increase productivity savings investment energy economic policies make america even stronger home foreign defense policies make us stronger safer throughout world never abandon struggle decent society home heart source ability inspire people defend rights abroad material resources great limited problems complex simple slogans quick solutions solve without effort sacrifice walter lippmann reminded us took good things granted must earn every right cherish duty must fulfill every good wish preserve sacrifice comfort ease nothing nothing longer challenges formidable new spirit unity resolve country move 1980 confidence hope bright vision america want america strong free america peace america equal rights women guaranteed united states america jobs good health good education every citizen america clean bountiful life cities farms america helps feed world america secure filling energy needs america justice tolerance compassion vision come true must sacrifice national commitment exciting enterprise unify people together one people let us work build strength home together one indivisible union let us seek peace security throughout world together let us make time challenge danger decade national resolve brave achievement thank much
president speaker member 96th congress fellow citizen last month easy time u meet tonight never clear state union depend state world tonight throughout generation freedom peace world depend state union 1980 born turmoil strife change time challenge interest value time test wisdom skill time iran 50 american still hold captive innocent victim terrorism anarchy also moment massive soviet troop attempt subjugate fiercely independent deeply religious people afghanistan two international terrorism one military serious challenge united state america indeed nation world together meet threat peace determine united state remain strong nation power never use initiate threat security nation right human seek remain nation peace stable world secure must face world three basic development help shape challenge steady growth increase projection soviet military power beyond border overwhelm dependence western democracy oil supply middle east press social religious economic political change many nation develop world exemplify revolution iran factor important right interacts others must face together squarely courageously face challenge meet best u fail response abhorrent act iran nation never arouse unify greatly peacetime position clear united state yield blackmail continue pursue specific goal first protect present interest unite state secondly preserve life american hostage secure quickly possible safe release possible avoid bloodshed might endanger life fellow citizen enlist help nation condemn act violence shock violates moral legal standard civilize world also convince persuade iranian leader real danger nation lie north soviet union soviet troop afghanistan unwarranted iranian quarrel united state hamper response far great danger american hostage harm severe price pay never rest every one american hostage release face broad fundamental challenge region recent military action soviet union last 3 decade relationship country unite state america soviet union critical factor determine whether world live peace engulfed global conflict since end second world war america lead nation meeting challenge mount soviet power simple static relationship u cooperation competition time confrontation 1940 take lead create atlantic alliance response soviet union suppression consolidation east european empire result threat warsaw pact western europe 1950 help contain soviet challenge korea middle east rearm assure continuation containment 1960 meet soviet challenge berlin face cuban missile crisis seek engage soviet union important task move beyond cold war away confrontation 1970 three american president negotiate soviet leader attempt halt growth nuclear arm race seek establish rule behavior would reduce risk conflict search area cooperation could make relation reciprocal productive sake two nation security peace entire world action maintain two commitment ready meet challenge soviet military power develop way resolve dispute keep peace prevent nuclear war foremost responsibility two superpower negotiate strategic arm limitation salt ii especially time great tension observe mutual constraint impose term treaty best interest country help preserve world peace consult closely congress matter strive control nuclear weapon effort control nuclear weapon abandon superpower also responsibility exercise restraint use great military force integrity independence weaker nation must threaten must know presence secure soviet union take radical aggressive new step use great military power relatively defenseless nation implication soviet invasion afghanistan could pose serious threat peace since second world war vast majority nation earth condemn late soviet attempt extend colonial domination others demand immediate withdrawal soviet troop moslem world especially justifiably outraged aggression islamic people action world power ever quickly overwhelmingly condemn verbal condemnation enough soviet union must pay concrete price aggression invasion continue nation world conduct business usual soviet union united state impose stiff economic penalty soviet union issue permit soviet ship fish coastal water unite state cut soviet access equipment agricultural product limit commerce soviet union ask ally friend join u restrain trade soviet replace embargoed item notify olympic committee soviet invading force afghanistan neither american people support send olympic team moscow soviet union go answer basic question help promote stable international environment legitimate peaceful concern pursue continue expand military power far beyond genuine security need use power colonial conquest soviet union must realize decision use military force afghanistan costly every political economic relationship value region threaten soviet troops afghanistan great strategic importance contain world exportable oil soviet effort dominate afghanistan bring soviet military force within 300 mile indian ocean close strait hormuz waterway world oil must flow soviet union attempt consolidate strategic position therefore pose grave threat free movement middle east oil situation demand careful think steady nerve resolute action year many year come demand collective effort meet new threat security persian gulf southwest asia demand participation rely oil middle east concerned global peace stability demand consultation close cooperation country area might threaten meeting challenge take national diplomatic political wisdom economic sacrifice course military capability must call best u preserve security crucial region let position absolutely clear attempt outside force gain control persian gulf region regard assault vital interest unite state america assault repel mean necessary include military force past 3 year join improve security prospect peace vital area persian gulf region around world increase annually real commitment defense sustain increase effort throughout five year defense program imperative congress approve strong defense budget 1981 encompass real growth authorization without reduction also improve capability deploy military force rapidly distant area help strengthen nato alliance recently nato member decide develop deploy modernize nuclear force meet unwarranted increase threat nuclear weapon soviet union work ally prevent conflict middle east peace treaty egypt israel notable achievement represent strategic asset america also enhance prospect regional world peace engage negotiation provide full autonomy people west bank gaza resolve palestinian issue aspect preserve peace security israel let one doubt commitment security israel day observe historic event israel make another major withdrawal sinai ambassador exchange israel egypt also expand sphere friendship deep commitment human right meeting human need improved relationship much third world decision normalize relation people republic china help preserve peace stability asia western pacific increase strengthened naval presence indian ocean make arrangement key naval air facility use force region northeast africa persian gulf reconfirm 1959 agreement help pakistan preserve independence integrity united state take action consistent law assist pakistan resist outside aggression ask congress specifically reaffirm agreement also work along leader nation provide additional military economic aid pakistan request come day week ahead strengthen political military tie nation region believe irreconcilable difference u islamic nation respect faith islam ready cooperate moslem country finally prepared work country region share cooperative security framework respect differ value political belief yet enhance independence security prosperity effort combine emphasize dedication defend preserve vital interest region nation represent europe pacific also part world great strategic importance u stretch especially middle east southwest asia help pursue effort vigor determination act necessary protect preserve nation security men woman america arm force duty tonight many part world proud job know share pride believe volunteer force adequate current defense need hope become necessary impose draft however must prepare possibility reason determine selective service system must revitalize send legislation budget proposal congress next month begin registration meet future mobilization need rapidly arise also need clear quick passage new charter define legal authority accountability intelligence agency guarantee abuse recur must tighten control sensitive intelligence information need remove unwarranted restraint america ability collect intelligence decade ahead time rapid change nation everywhere seek deal new problem tension america need fear thrive world change remain true value actively engage promote world peace continue work peace middle east southern africa continue build tie develop nation respect help strengthen national independence struggle hard achieve continue support growth democracy protection human right repressive regime popular frustration often outlet except violence people government approach problem together open democratic method basis stability peace far solid far endure support human right country national interest well part national character peace preserve america first goal come year mighty nation continue pursue peace strong abroad must strong home order strong must continue face difficult issue confront u nation today crises iran afghanistan dramatize important lesson excessive dependence foreign oil clear present danger nation security need never urgent long last must clear comprehensive energy policy united state well know work congress concentrate persistent way past 3 year meet need make progress together congress must act promptly complete final action vital energy legislation nation major conservation effort important initiative develop solar power realistic pricing base true value oil strong incentive production coal fossil fuel united state nation massive peacetime investment development synthetic fuel american people make progress energy conservation last year reduce overall petroleum consumption 8 percent gasoline consumption 5 percent year must consultation governor set gasoline conservation goal 50 state make mandatory goal meet establish import ceiling 1980 million barrel level foreign oil purchase 1977 expect import much low ceiling enforce oil import fee necessary prepare low import still country join u fair mutual reduction serious shortage hesitate impose mandatory gasoline ration immediately single big factor inflation rate last year increase inflation rate last year one skyrocketing price opec oil must take whatever action necessary reduce dependence foreign time reduce inflation individual family u produce energy u conserve one u every day live tonight call fact people help nation conserve energy eliminate waste make 1980 indeed year energy conservation course must take action strengthen nation economy first continue reduce deficit balance federal budget second continue work business hold price build also historic national accord organize labor restrain pay increase fair fight inflation third continue successful effort cut paperwork dismantle unnecessary government regulation fourth continue progress provide job america concentrate major new program provide train work young people especially minority youth say mind terrible thing waste give young people new hope job well life 1980 fifth must use decade 1980 attack basic structural weakness problem economy measure increase productivity saving investment energy economic policy make america even strong home foreign defense policy make u strong safer throughout world never abandon struggle decent society home heart source ability inspire people defend right abroad material resource great limited problem complex simple slogan quick solution solve without effort sacrifice walter lippmann remind u take good thing grant must earn every right cherish duty must fulfill every good wish preserve sacrifice comfort ease nothing nothing long challenge formidable new spirit unity resolve country move 1980 confidence hope bright vision america want america strong free america peace america equal right woman guarantee united state america job good health good education every citizen america clean bountiful life city farm america help fee world america secure fill energy need america justice tolerance compassion vision come true must sacrifice national commitment excite enterprise unify people together one people let u work build strength home together one indivisible union let u seek peace security throughout world together let u make time challenge danger decade national resolve brave achievement thank much