  We demonstrate that self-learning techniques like entropy minimization and
pseudo-labeling are simple and effective at improving performance of a deployed
computer vision model under systematic domain shifts. We conduct a wide range
of large-scale experiments and show consistent improvements irrespective of the
model architecture, the pre-training technique or the type of distribution
shift. At the same time, self-learning is simple to use in practice because it
does not require knowledge or access to the original training data or scheme,
is robust to hyperparameter choices, is straight-forward to implement and
requires only a few adaptation epochs. This makes self-learning techniques
highly attractive for any practitioner who applies machine learning algorithms
in the real world. We present state-of-the-art adaptation results on CIFAR10-C
(8.5% error), ImageNet-C (22.0% mCE), ImageNet-R (17.4% error) and ImageNet-A
(14.8% error), theoretically study the dynamics of self-supervised adaptation
methods and propose a new classification dataset (ImageNet-D) which is
challenging even with adaptation.

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition;Machine Learning