  Critical and public safety operations require real-time data transfer from
the incident area(s) to the distant operations command center going through the
evacuation and medical support areas. Any delay in communication may cause
significant loss. In some cases, it is anticipated that the existing
communication infrastructures can be damaged or out-of-service. It is thus
required to deploy tactical ad-hoc networks to cover the operation zones.
Routing data over the deployed network is a significant challenge with
consideration to the operations conditions. In this paper we evaluate the
performance of mutli-hop routing protocols while using different wireless
technologies in an urban critical and emergency scenario. Using a realistic
mobility model, Mobile Ad hoc, geographic based and data-centric routing
protocols are evaluated with different communication technologies (i.e. WiFi
IEEE 802.11; WSN IEEE 802.15.4; WBAN IEEE 802.15.6). It is concluded that, WiFi
IEEE 802.11 is the best wireless technology with consideration to the packet
reception rate and the energy consumption. Whereas, in terms of delay, WBAN
IEEE 802.15.6 is the most efficient. With regards to the routing protocols,
assuming that the location information is available, geographical based routing
protocol with WiFi IEEE 802.11 performed much better compared to the others
routing protocols. In case where the location information is unavailable,
gradient based routing protocol with WBAN IEEE 802.15.6 seems the best
combination.

Networking and Internet Architecture;Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing