  Gravitational collapse of a shell of charged dust surrounded by the phantom
dark energy is probed by the minimal area surface, which is dual to probe the
thermalization in the boundary quantum field by expectation values of Wilson
loop in the framework of the AdS/CFT correspondence. We investigated mainly the
effect of the phantom dark energy parameter and chemical potential on the
thermalization. The result shows that the smaller the phantom dark energy
parameter is, the easier the plasma thermalizes as the chemical potential is
fixed, and the larger the chemical potential is, the harder the plasma
thermalizes as the dark energy parameter is fixed. We get the fitting function
of the thermalization curve and with it, the thermalization velocity and
thermalization acceleration are discussed.

High Energy Physics - Theory