  Clinical applicability of automated decision support systems depends on a
robust, well-understood classification interpretation. Artificial neural
networks while achieving class-leading scores fall short in this regard.
Therefore, numerous approaches have been proposed that map a salient region of
an image to a diagnostic classification. Utilizing heuristic methodology, like
blurring and noise, they tend to produce diffuse, sometimes misleading results,
hindering their general adoption. In this work we overcome these issues by
presenting a model agnostic saliency mapping framework tailored to medical
imaging. We replace heuristic techniques with a strong neighborhood conditioned
inpainting approach, which avoids anatomically implausible artefacts. We
formulate saliency attribution as a map-quality optimization task, enforcing
constrained and focused attributions. Experiments on public mammography data
show quantitatively and qualitatively more precise localization and clearer
conveying results than existing state-of-the-art methods.

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition;Machine Learning;Image and Video Processing