  We consider differentially private algorithms for reinforcement learning in
continuous spaces, such that neighboring reward functions are
indistinguishable. This protects the reward information from being exploited by
methods such as inverse reinforcement learning. Existing studies that guarantee
differential privacy are not extendable to infinite state spaces, as the noise
level to ensure privacy will scale accordingly to infinity. Our aim is to
protect the value function approximator, without regard to the number of states
queried to the function. It is achieved by adding functional noise to the value
function iteratively in the training. We show rigorous privacy guarantees by a
series of analyses on the kernel of the noise space, the probabilistic bound of
such noise samples, and the composition over the iterations. We gain insight
into the utility analysis by proving the algorithm's approximate optimality
when the state space is discrete. Experiments corroborate our theoretical
findings and show improvement over existing approaches.

Machine Learning;Artificial Intelligence;Machine Learning