  The beginning of 2020 has seen the emergence of coronavirus outbreak caused
by a novel virus called SARS-CoV-2. The sudden explosion and uncontrolled
worldwide spread of COVID-19 show the limitations of existing healthcare
systems in timely handling public health emergencies. In such contexts,
innovative technologies such as blockchain and Artificial Intelligence (AI)
have emerged as promising solutions for fighting coronavirus epidemic. In
particular, blockchain can combat pandemics by enabling early detection of
outbreaks, ensuring the ordering of medical data, and ensuring reliable medical
supply chain during the outbreak tracing. Moreover, AI provides intelligent
solutions for identifying symptoms caused by coronavirus for treatments and
supporting drug manufacturing. Therefore, we present an extensive survey on the
use of blockchain and AI for combating COVID-19 epidemics. First, we introduce
a new conceptual architecture which integrates blockchain and AI for fighting
COVID-19. Then, we survey the latest research efforts on the use of blockchain
and AI for fighting COVID-19 in various applications. The newly emerging
projects and use cases enabled by these technologies to deal with coronavirus
pandemic are also presented. A case study is also provided using federated AI
for COVID-19 detection. Finally, we point out challenges and future directions
that motivate more research efforts to deal with future coronavirus-like
epidemics.

Cryptography and Security;Signal Processing