  Based on Teichm\"uller theory, we construct a degenerating family
$\overline{Y}_g^{orb} \rightarrow \overline{M}_g^{orb}$ over the
Deligne-Mumford compactification of the moduli space with the natural orbifold
structure such that any fibered complex surface admitting unstable fibers can
be pulled back from this family.

Algebraic Geometry;Complex Variables;Geometric Topology