  The rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI) will bring with it an
ever-increasing willingness to cede decision-making to machines. But rather
than just giving machines the power to make decisions that affect us, we need
ways to work cooperatively with AI systems. There is a vital need for research
in "AI and Cooperation" that seeks to understand the ways in which systems of
AIs and systems of AIs with people can engender cooperative behavior. Trust in
AI is also key: trust that is intrinsic and trust that can only be earned over
time. Here we use the term "AI" in its broadest sense, as employed by the
recent 20-Year Community Roadmap for AI Research (Gil and Selman, 2019),
including but certainly not limited to, recent advances in deep learning.
  With success, cooperation between humans and AIs can build society just as
human-human cooperation has. Whether coming from an intrinsic willingness to be
helpful, or driven through self-interest, human societies have grown strong and
the human species has found success through cooperation. We cooperate "in the
small" -- as family units, with neighbors, with co-workers, with strangers --
and "in the large" as a global community that seeks cooperative outcomes around
questions of commerce, climate change, and disarmament. Cooperation has evolved
in nature also, in cells and among animals. While many cases involving
cooperation between humans and AIs will be asymmetric, with the human
ultimately in control, AI systems are growing so complex that, even today, it
is impossible for the human to fully comprehend their reasoning,
recommendations, and actions when functioning simply as passive observers.

Computers and Society;Artificial Intelligence