  It is considered that quasars evolve into normal galaxies by means of
expansion of matter. The order of magnitude of the expansion velocity can be
estimated. The Doppler shift caused by such expansion explains the supposed
variation of the fine structure constant. This variation has been based on
observations of absorption lines of gas clouds seen against background quasars.
These ideas maintain the constancy of the fine structure constant.

Astrophysics;High Energy Physics - Experiment;High Energy Physics - Phenomenology