  Nonstationary molecular states which contain electronic coherences can be
impulsively created and manipulated by using recently-developed ultrashort
optical and X-ray pulses via photoexcitation, photoionization and Auger
processes. We propose several stimulated-Raman detection schemes that can
monitor the phase-sensitive electronic and nuclear dynamics. Three detection
protocols of an X-ray broadband probe are compared - frequency dispersed
transmission, integrated photon number change, and total pulse energy change.
In addition each can be either linear or quadratic in the X-ray probe
intensity. These various signals offer different gating windows into the
molecular response which is described by correlation functions of electronic
polarizabilities. Off-resonant and resonant signals are compared.

Chemical Physics;Biological Physics;Optics