  We demonstrate that the capacitance of ionic-liquid filled supercapacitors is
substantially increased by placing a diode-like structure on the separator
membrane. We call the structured separator: gate, and demonstrate that the
order of a p-n layout with respect to the auxiliary electrode affects the
overall cell's capacitance. The smallest ESR and the largest capacitance values
are noted when the p-side is facing the auxiliary electrode.

Applied Physics;Chemical Physics