  Cloud computing has become the backbone of the computing industry and offers
subscription-based on-demand services. Through virtualization, which produces a
virtual instance of a computer system running in an abstracted hardware layer,
it has made it possible for us to share resources among many users. Contrary to
early distributed computing models, it guarantees limitless computing resources
through its expansive cloud datacenters, and it has been immensely popular in
recent years because to its constantly expanding infrastructure, user base, and
hosted data volume. These datacenters enormous and sophisticated workloads
present a number of problems, including issues with resource use, power
consumption, scalability, operational expense, security and many more. In this
context, the article provides a comprehensive overview of the most prevalent
problems with sharing and communication in organizations of all sizes. There is
discussion of a taxonomy of security, load balancing, and the main difficulties
encountered in protecting sensitive data. A complete examination of current
state-of-the-art contributions, resource management analysis methodologies,
load balancing solutions, empowering heuristics, and multi-objective
learning-based approaches are required. In its final section, the paper
examines, reviews, and suggests future research directions in the area of
secure VM placements.

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing