  We use smoothed analysis techniques to provide guarantees on the training
loss of Multilayer Neural Networks (MNNs) at differentiable local minima.
Specifically, we examine MNNs with piecewise linear activation functions,
quadratic loss and a single output, under mild over-parametrization. We prove
that for a MNN with one hidden layer, the training error is zero at every
differentiable local minimum, for almost every dataset and dropout-like noise
realization. We then extend these results to the case of more than one hidden
layer. Our theoretical guarantees assume essentially nothing on the training
data, and are verified numerically. These results suggest why the highly
non-convex loss of such MNNs can be easily optimized using local updates (e.g.,
stochastic gradient descent), as observed empirically.

Machine Learning;Machine Learning;Neural and Evolutionary Computing