  In this paper, the optimal operation of a microgrid is investigated when the
network is connected at a 24-hour interval for a specific day. For the optimal
operation, some criteria, such as the simultaneous reduction in operation
costs, losses, and voltage deviations, as well as the increase in reliability
are taken into consideration. Given the capacity of the installed units, a part
of the load of the demanded energy is always supplied by the grid. In line with
the objectives set, planning for the charge and discharge of storage systems as
well as the interaction among distributed power generators are investigated.
The operation process is considered as an optimization problem, and the created
problem is solved by the Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP) algorithm. In
addition, by implementing the Demand Response (DR) program in the optimal
operation, the acquired results are compared with those obtained when this
strategy is not employed. Simulation results indicate that the utilization of
the Demand Response (DR) program in the optimal operation of the microgrid
leads to a number of improvements. To elucidate it more, in addition to the
decrease in the operation costs of the microgrid, the voltage deviation
indices, reliability, and losses are improved contrary to non-DR schemes.

Systems and Control;Systems and Control