  Observations and meteorites indicate that the Martian materials are
enigmatically distributed within the inner solar system. A mega impact on Mars
creating a Martian hemispheric dichotomy and the Martian moons can potentially
eject Martian materials. A recent work has shown that the mega-impact-induced
debris is potentially captured as the Martian Trojans and implanted in the
asteroid belt. However, the amount, distribution, and composition of the debris
has not been studied. Here, using hydrodynamic simulations, we report that a
large amount of debris ($\sim 1\%$ of Mars' mass), including Martian
crust/mantle and the impactor's materials ($\sim 20:80$), are ejected by a
dichotomy-forming impact, and distributed between $\sim 0.5-3.0$ astronomical
units. Our result indicates that unmelted Martian mantle debris ($\sim 0.02\%$
of Mars' mass) can be the source of Martian Trojans, olivine-rich asteroids in
the Hungarian region and the main asteroid belt, and some of which even hit
early Earth. A mega impact can naturally implant Martian mantle materials
within the inner solar system.

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics;Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics