  Emerging advanced applications, such as smart cities, healthcare, and virtual
reality, demand more challenging requirements on sixth-generation (6G) mobile
networks, including the need for improved secrecy, greater integrity,
non-repudiation, authentication, and access control. While blockchain, with its
intrinsic features, is generally regarded as one of the most disruptive
technological enablers for 6G functional standards, there is no comprehensive
study of whether, when, and how blockchain will be used in 6G scenarios.
Existing research lacks performance assessment methodology for the use of
blockchain in 6G scenarios. Therefore, we abstract seven fine-grained 6G
possibilities from the application layer and investigate the why, what, and
when issues for 6G scenarios in this work. Moreover, we provide a methodology
for evaluating the performance and scalability of blockchain-based 6G
scenarios. In conclusion, we undertake comprehensive experimental to assess the
performance of the Quorum blockchain and 6G scenarios. The experimental results
show that a consortium blockchain with the proper settings may satisfy the
performance and scalability requiremen

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing