  It has been found that the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability (KHI) induced by both
transverse and torsional oscillations in coronal loops can reinforce the
effects of wave heating. In this study, we model a coronal loop as a system of
individual strands, and we study wave heating effects by considering a combined
transverse and torsional driver at the loop footpoint. We deposit the same
energy into the multi-stranded loop and an equivalent monolithic loop, and then
observe a faster increase in the internal energy and temperature in the
multi-stranded model. Therefore, the multi-stranded model is more efficient in
starting the heating process. Moreover, higher temperature is observed near the
footpoint in the multi-stranded loop and near the apex in the monolithic loop.
The apparent heating location in the multi-stranded loop agrees with the
previous predictions and observations. Given the differences in the results
from our multi-stranded loop and monolithic loop simulations, and given that
coronal loops are suggested to be multi-stranded on both theoretical and
observational grounds, our results suggest that the multi-strandedness of
coronal loops needs to be incorporated in future wave-based heating mechanisms.

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics