  Due to the emergence of embedded applications in image and video processing,
communication and cryptography, improvement of pictorial information for better
human perception like deblurring, denoising in several fields such as satellite
imaging, medical imaging, mobile applications etc. are gaining importance for
renewed research. Behind such developments, the primary responsibility lies
with the advancement of semiconductor technology leading to FPGA based
programmable logic devices, which combines the advantages of both custom
hardware and dedicated DSP resources. In addition, FPGA provides powerful
reconfiguration feature and hence is an ideal target for rapid prototyping. We
have endeavoured to exploit exceptional features of FPGA technology in respect
to hardware parallelism leading to higher computational density and throughput,
and have observed better performances than those one can get just merely
porting the image processing software algorithms to hardware. In this paper, we
intend to present an elaborate review, based on our expertise and experiences,
on undertaking necessary transformation to an image processing software
algorithm including the optimization techniques that makes its operation in
hardware comparatively faster.

Hardware Architecture