  COVID19s widespread distribution is wreaking havoc on peoples lives all over
the world. This pandemic has also had a significant impact on energy
consumption. Its influence can be seen in the power systems operation and the
market as well. The power consumers habits and demand curves have been changed
at a breakneck pace. In this work, a one year mixed integer programming (MIP)
problem has been developed to compare the power consumption between 2019 and
2020 in the United States as an example regarding the COVID19 pandemic effect
in order to better prepare for possible similar future events. 100 percent
renewable single microgrids (SMGs) are studied using wind turbines and
photovoltaics. Batteries are also employed since it is inevitable when the
system uses renewables. Additionally, it is possible for the SMGs to trade
power with the main grid as needed. The effect of the SMGs clustering to form
the multi microgrids (MMGs) is also considered. In order to investigate the
risk of the system during the COVID19 and formation of MMG, downside risk
constraints are applied to the proposed model. Furthermore, a stylized short
run consumers demand model is proposed, using elasticity and assessed responses
regarding the average household consumption for households during on peak and
off peak periods. The simulation results show that COVID19 generally reduces
the demand, increases the profit of the system, and decreases the economic risk
of the power systems operation. Moreover, SMGs clustering to organize MMG
dramatically enhances the profit of the system as well as improves the risk
level of the system.

Systems and Control;Systems and Control