  Many recent works aim at developing methods and tools for the processing of
semantic Web services. In order to be properly tested, these tools must be
applied to an appropriate benchmark, taking the form of a collection of
semantic WS descriptions. However, all of the existing publicly available
collections are limited by their size or their realism (use of randomly
generated or resampled descriptions). Larger and realistic syntactic (WSDL)
collections exist, but their semantic annotation requires a certain level of
automation, due to the number of operations to be processed. In this article,
we propose a fully automatic method to semantically annotate such large WS
collections. Our approach is multimodal, in the sense it takes advantage of the
latent semantics present not only in the parameter names, but also in the type
names and structures. Concept-to-word association is performed by using Sigma,
a mapping of WordNet to the SUMO ontology. After having described in details
our annotation method, we apply it to the larger collection of real-world
syntactic WS descriptions we could find, and assess its efficiency.

Software Engineering;Computation and Language;Information Retrieval