  Visual question answering (VQA) is a task of answering a visual question that
is a pair of question and image. Some visual questions are ambiguous and some
are clear, and it may be appropriate to change the ambiguity of questions from
situation to situation. However, this issue has not been addressed by any prior
work. We propose a novel task, rephrasing the questions by controlling the
ambiguity of the questions. The ambiguity of a visual question is defined by
the use of the entropy of the answer distribution predicted by a VQA model. The
proposed model rephrases a source question given with an image so that the
rephrased question has the ambiguity (or entropy) specified by users. We
propose two learning strategies to train the proposed model with the VQA v2
dataset, which has no ambiguity information. We demonstrate the advantage of
our approach that can control the ambiguity of the rephrased questions, and an
interesting observation that it is harder to increase than to reduce ambiguity.

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition