  Emerging research frontiers and computational advances have gradually
transformed cognitive science into a multidisciplinary and data-driven field.
As a result, there is a proliferation of cognitive theories investigated and
interpreted from different academic lens and in different levels of
abstraction. We formulate this applied aspect of this challenge as the
computational cognitive inference, and describe the major routes of
computational approaches. To balance the potential optimism alongside the speed
and scale of the data-driven era of cognitive science, we propose to inspect
this trend in more empirical terms by identifying the operational challenges,
societal impacts and ethical guidelines in conducting research and interpreting
results from the computational inference in cognitive science.

Neurons and Cognition;Artificial Intelligence;Computation and Language;Human-Computer Interaction;Machine Learning