  The architecture of a planetary system can influence the habitability of a
planet via orbital effects, particularly in the areas of stability and
eccentricity. Some of these effects are readily apparent, particularly when
they occur on short timescales that are easily numerically calculable. However,
the appearance and evolution of life can take place on gigayear timescales,
long enough that secular effects become important. These effects are difficult
to investigate, as a direct integration requires significant computational
time. In this paper, we apply a semi-analytic framework in conjunction with
N-body integrations and predictive techniques to determine the relative
habitability for an Earth-like planet in a system with two giant companions
over a multidimensional parameter space. Relative habitability quantifies the
integrated habitability probability compared to a system containing only a
single Earth-like planet. We find trends with mass, eccentricity, location,
spacing, inclination, and alignment of the giant planets, including
configurations where the system is more habitable due to the giant planets. As
long as the system remains stable, a moderate eccentricity excitation of the
terrestrial planet can be beneficial by increasing the outer boundary of the
habitable zone through higher mean irradiance. In our simulations, the median
($\pm 1 \sigma$) habitable planet has an eccentricity of 0.11 (+0.16, -0.08),
though it started circular. Low-mass, widely separated, and moderately
eccentric perturbing giants can accomplish this, an "ultra-habitable"
configuration of companions.

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics