  In this fluid dyanmics video, we show experimental images and simulations of
chimney formation in mushy layers. A directional solidification apparatus was
used to freeze 25 wt % aqueous ammonium chloride solutions at controlled rates
in a narrow Hele-Shaw cell (1mm gap). The convective motion is imaged with
schlieren. We demonstrate the ability to numerically simulate mushy layer
growth for direct comparison with experiments.

Fluid Dynamics