  The Cloud computing paradigm has revolutionised the computer science horizon
during the past decade and has enabled the emergence of computing as the fifth
utility. It has captured significant attention of academia, industries, and
government bodies. Now, it has emerged as the backbone of modern economy by
offering subscription-based services anytime, anywhere following a
pay-as-you-go model. This has instigated (1) shorter establishment times for
start-ups, (2) creation of scalable global enterprise applications, (3) better
cost-to-value associativity for scientific and high performance computing
applications, and (4) different invocation/execution models for pervasive and
ubiquitous applications. The recent technological developments and paradigms
such as serverless computing, software-defined networking, Internet of Things,
and processing at network edge are creating new opportunities for Cloud
computing. However, they are also posing several new challenges and creating
the need for new approaches and research strategies, as well as the
re-evaluation of the models that were developed to address issues such as
scalability, elasticity, reliability, security, sustainability, and application
models. The proposed manifesto addresses them by identifying the major open
challenges in Cloud computing, emerging trends, and impact areas. It then
offers research directions for the next decade, thus helping in the realisation
of Future Generation Cloud Computing.

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing