  Experimental results are presented on event-by-event net-proton fluctuation
measurements in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV, recorded by
the ALICE detector at the CERN LHC. These measurements have as their ultimate
goal an experimental test of Lattice QCD (LQCD) predictions on second and
higher order cumulants of net-baryon distributions to search for critical
behavior near the QCD phase boundary. Before confronting them with LQCD
predictions, account has to be taken of correlations stemming from baryon
number conservation as well as fluctuations of participating nucleons. Both
effects influence the experimental measurements and are usually not considered
in theoretical calculations. For the first time, it is shown that
event-by-event baryon number conservation leads to subtle long-range
correlations arising from very early interactions in the collisions.

Nuclear Experiment;High Energy Physics - Experiment