  With the development in cognitive science and Large Language Models (LLMs),
increasing connections have come to light between these two distinct fields.
Building upon these connections, we propose a conjecture suggesting the
existence of a duality between LLMs and Tulving's theory of memory. We identify
a potential correspondence between Tulving's synergistic ecphory model (SEM) of
retrieval and the emergent abilities observed in LLMs, serving as supporting
evidence for our conjecture. Furthermore, we speculate that consciousness may
be considered a form of emergent ability based on this duality. We also discuss
how other theories of consciousness intersect with our research.

Neurons and Cognition;Artificial Intelligence;Computation and Language