| [ | |
| { | |
| "language": "en", | |
| "country": "India", | |
| "file_name": "ey_2022.pdf", | |
| "source": "https://gate.iitkgp.ac.in/documents/gatepapers/2022/ey_2022.pdf", | |
| "license": "Education and Research", | |
| "level": "Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE)", | |
| "category_en": "Ecology and Evolution", | |
| "category_original_lang": "पारिस्थितिकी और विकास", | |
| "original_question_num": 29, | |
| "question": "The graph shows the yield of coffee plantations located at different distances from a patch of primary forest. Which one of the following options best explains this pattern?", | |
| "options": [ | |
| "Carbon sequestration", | |
| "Seed predation by forest-dwelling insects", | |
| "Pollination by forest-dwelling insects", | |
| "Seed dispersal by forest-dwelling birds and mammals" | |
| ], | |
| "answer": 2, | |
| "image_png": "ey_question_29.png", | |
| "image_information": "essential", | |
| "image_type": "diagram", | |
| "parallel_question_id": null | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "language": "en", | |
| "country": "India", | |
| "file_name": "ey_2022.pdf", | |
| "source": "https://gate.iitkgp.ac.in/documents/gatepapers/2022/ey_2022.pdf", | |
| "license": "Education and Research", | |
| "level": "Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE)", | |
| "category_en": "Ecology and Evolution", | |
| "category_original_lang": "पारिस्थितिकी और विकास", | |
| "original_question_num": 38, | |
| "question": "Excess fertilizers used in agriculture commonly end up as runoff and cause phytoplankton blooms in rivers. To figure out whether these blooms were driven by ammonium or phosphate fertilizers, researchers cultured a phytoplankton species in multiple samples of unpolluted river water. The samples were divided equally among three treatments: ammonium fertilizer added, phosphate fertilizer added and no fertilizer added. They then measured phytoplankton density in each of the samples after a week. Phytoplankton densities (in thousands of cells/ml) are reported in the table shown. Which one of the following inferences is correct?", | |
| "options": [ | |
| "Nitrogen is the limiting nutrient for phytoplankton growth.", | |
| "Phosphorus is the limiting nutrient for phytoplankton growth.", | |
| "Both nitrogen and phosphorus limit phytoplankton growth.", | |
| "Neither nitrogen nor phosphorus limits phytoplankton growth." | |
| ], | |
| "answer": 0, | |
| "image_png": "ey_question_38.png", | |
| "image_information": "essential", | |
| "image_type": "diagram", | |
| "parallel_question_id": null | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "language": "en", | |
| "country": "India", | |
| "file_name": "ey_2022.pdf", | |
| "source": "https://gate.iitkgp.ac.in/documents/gatepapers/2022/ey_2022.pdf", | |
| "license": "Education and Research", | |
| "level": "Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE)", | |
| "category_en": "Ecology and Evolution", | |
| "category_original_lang": "पारिस्थितिकी और विकास", | |
| "original_question_num": 39, | |
| "question": "S1 and S2 are two strains of bacteria. The results of a bacterial growth experiment on these strains measured after 24 hours are shown. Black and white bars represent S1 and S2, respectively. Which one of the following best describes the interaction between S1 and S2?", | |
| "options": [ | |
| "Amensalism", | |
| "Commensalism", | |
| "Cooperator-cheater", | |
| "Mutualism" | |
| ], | |
| "answer": 2, | |
| "image_png": "ey_question_39.png", | |
| "image_information": "essential", | |
| "image_type": "diagram", | |
| "parallel_question_id": null | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "language": "en", | |
| "country": "India", | |
| "file_name": "ey_2022.pdf", | |
| "source": "https://gate.iitkgp.ac.in/documents/gatepapers/2022/ey_2022.pdf", | |
| "license": "Education and Research", | |
| "level": "Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE)", | |
| "category_en": "Ecology and Evolution", | |
| "category_original_lang": "पारिस्थितिकी और विकास", | |
| "original_question_num": 41, | |
| "question": "Consider Holling’s Type-III functional response, as shown. Which one of the marked points has the highest rate-of-change of prey-capture-rate?", | |
| "options": [ | |
| "P", | |
| "Q", | |
| "R", | |
| "S" | |
| ], | |
| "answer": 1, | |
| "image_png": "ey_question_41.png", | |
| "image_information": "essential", | |
| "image_type": "diagram", | |
| "parallel_question_id": null | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "language": "en", | |
| "country": "India", | |
| "file_name": "ey_2022.pdf", | |
| "source": "https://gate.iitkgp.ac.in/documents/gatepapers/2022/ey_2022.pdf", | |
| "license": "Education and Research", | |
| "level": "Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE)", | |
| "category_en": "Ecology and Evolution", | |
| "category_original_lang": "पारिस्थितिकी और विकास", | |
| "original_question_num": 42, | |
| "question": "In a population of birds on an island, the average beak size reduced over one generation. A researcher estimated the association between beak size and relative fitness, shown in the graph. The estimated slope was −0.05 with a 95% confidence interval of −0.15 to 0.09. Which one of the following evolutionary processes acting on beak size is the most likely reason for the observed reduction in beak size?", | |
| "options": [ | |
| "Generic drift", | |
| "Group selection", | |
| "Kin selection", | |
| "Natural selection" | |
| ], | |
| "answer": 0, | |
| "image_png": "ey_question_42.png", | |
| "image_information": "essential", | |
| "image_type": "diagram", | |
| "parallel_question_id": null | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "language": "en", | |
| "country": "India", | |
| "file_name": "ey_2022.pdf", | |
| "source": "https://gate.iitkgp.ac.in/documents/gatepapers/2022/ey_2022.pdf", | |
| "license": "Education and Research", | |
| "level": "Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE)", | |
| "category_en": "Ecology and Evolution", | |
| "category_original_lang": "पारिस्थितिकी और विकास", | |
| "original_question_num": 43, | |
| "question": "The Bateman gradient is a popular explanation for why the strength of sexual selection is typically stronger on males than on females. Which one of the following figures is the correct representation of the Bateman gradient? In all figures, the dotted line represents males and the solid line females.", | |
| "options": [ | |
| "A", | |
| "B", | |
| "C", | |
| "D" | |
| ], | |
| "answer": 0, | |
| "image_png": "ey_question_43.png", | |
| "image_information": "essential", | |
| "image_type": "diagram", | |
| "parallel_question_id": null | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "language": "en", | |
| "country": "India", | |
| "file_name": "ey_2022.pdf", | |
| "source": "https://gate.iitkgp.ac.in/documents/gatepapers/2022/ey_2022.pdf", | |
| "license": "Education and Research", | |
| "level": "Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE)", | |
| "category_en": "Ecology and Evolution", | |
| "category_original_lang": "पारिस्थितिकी और विकास", | |
| "original_question_num": 44, | |
| "question": "Sparrows use two foraging tactics to obtain food. They either search for grains themselves (Producer tactic P) or follow other individuals and steal grains from them (Scrounger tactic S). The following graphs show how the fitness of each tactic (P : dashed line and S : solid line) varies as a function of the relative frequency of S. Which one of the graphs shows the correct representation of these tactics if they were maintained through negative frequency dependence?", | |
| "options": [ | |
| "A", | |
| "B", | |
| "C", | |
| "D" | |
| ], | |
| "answer": 2, | |
| "image_png": "ey_question_44.png", | |
| "image_information": "essential", | |
| "image_type": "diagram", | |
| "parallel_question_id": null | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "language": "en", | |
| "country": "India", | |
| "file_name": "ey_2022.pdf", | |
| "source": "https://gate.iitkgp.ac.in/documents/gatepapers/2022/ey_2022.pdf", | |
| "license": "Education and Research", | |
| "level": "Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE)", | |
| "category_en": "Ecology and Evolution", | |
| "category_original_lang": "पारिस्थितिकी और विकास", | |
| "original_question_num": 47, | |
| "question": "The following graphs show rank abundance data for species in three different communities P, Q and R. Based on both species richness and relative abundance, which one of the following options correctly represents the ordering of communities according to their species diversity?", | |
| "options": [ | |
| "P > Q > R", | |
| "Q > P > R", | |
| "R > P > Q", | |
| "R > Q > P" | |
| ], | |
| "answer": 3, | |
| "image_png": "ey_question_47.png", | |
| "image_information": "essential", | |
| "image_type": "diagram", | |
| "parallel_question_id": null | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "language": "en", | |
| "country": "India", | |
| "file_name": "ey_2022.pdf", | |
| "source": "https://gate.iitkgp.ac.in/documents/gatepapers/2022/ey_2022.pdf", | |
| "license": "Education and Research", | |
| "level": "Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE)", | |
| "category_en": "Ecology and Evolution", | |
| "category_original_lang": "पारिस्थितिकी और विकास", | |
| "original_question_num": 48, | |
| "question": "Which one of the following cladograms represents the correct phylogenetic relationships in the Kingdom Animalia?", | |
| "options": [ | |
| "A", | |
| "B", | |
| "C", | |
| "D" | |
| ], | |
| "answer": 0, | |
| "image_png": "ey_question_48.png", | |
| "image_information": "essential", | |
| "image_type": "diagram", | |
| "parallel_question_id": null | |
| } | |
| ] |