Words (or words that have the same definition) The definition is case sensitive (Optional) Image to display with the definition [Not displayed in Glossary, only in pop-up on pages] (Optional) Caption for Image (Optional) External or Internal Link (Optional) Source for Definition (Eg. "Genetic, Hereditary, DNA ...") (Eg. "Relating to genes or heredity") NaN The infamous double helix https://bio.libretexts.org/ CC-BY-SA; Delmar Larsen Word(s) Definition Image Caption Link Source acid ionization reaction involving the transfer of a proton from an acid to water, yielding hydronium ions and the conjugate base of the acid NaN NaN NaN NaN acid ionization constant (Ka) equilibrium constant for an acid ionization reaction NaN NaN NaN NaN acid-base indicator weak acid or base whose conjugate partner imparts a different solution color; used in visual assessments of solution pH NaN NaN NaN NaN acidic a solution in which [H3O+] > [OH−] NaN NaN NaN NaN amphiprotic species that may either donate or accept a proton in a Bronsted-Lowry acid-base reaction NaN NaN NaN NaN amphoteric species that can act as either an acid or a base NaN NaN NaN NaN autoionization reaction between identical species yielding ionic products; for water, this reaction involves transfer of protons to yield hydronium and hydroxide ions NaN NaN NaN NaN base ionization reaction involving the transfer of a proton from water to a base, yielding hydroxide ions and the conjugate acid of the base NaN NaN NaN NaN base ionization constant (Kb) equilibrium constant for a base ionization reaction NaN NaN NaN NaN basic a solution in which [H3O+] < [OH−] NaN NaN NaN NaN Brønsted-Lowry acid proton donor NaN NaN NaN NaN Brønsted-Lowry base proton acceptor NaN NaN NaN NaN buffer mixture of appreciable amounts of a weak acid-base pair the pH of a buffer resists change when small amounts of acid or base are added NaN NaN NaN NaN buffer capacity amount of an acid or base that can be added to a volume of a buffer solution before its pH changes significantly (usually by one pH unit) NaN NaN NaN NaN color-change interval range in pH over which the color change of an indicator is observed NaN NaN NaN NaN conjugate acid substance formed when a base gains a proton NaN NaN NaN NaN conjugate base substance formed when an acid loses a proton NaN NaN NaN NaN diprotic acid acid containing two ionizable hydrogen atoms per molecule NaN NaN NaN NaN diprotic base base capable of accepting two protons NaN NaN NaN NaN Henderson-Hasselbalch equation logarithmic version of the acid ionization constant expression, conveniently formatted for calculating the pH of buffer solutions NaN NaN NaN NaN ion-product constant for water (Kw) equilibrium constant for the autoionization of water NaN NaN NaN NaN leveling effect observation that acid-base strength of solutes in a given solvent is limited to that of the solvent’s characteristic acid and base species (in water, hydronium and hydroxide ions, respectively) NaN NaN NaN NaN monoprotic acid acid containing one ionizable hydrogen atom per molecule NaN NaN NaN NaN neutral describes a solution in which [H3O+] = [OH−] NaN NaN NaN NaN oxyacid ternary compound with acidic properties, molecules of which contain a central nonmetallic atom bonded to one or more O atoms, at least one of which is bonded to an ionizable H atom NaN NaN NaN NaN percent ionization ratio of the concentration of ionized acid to initial acid concentration expressed as a percentage NaN NaN NaN NaN pH logarithmic measure of the concentration of hydronium ions in a solution NaN NaN NaN NaN pOH logarithmic measure of the concentration of hydroxide ions in a solution NaN NaN NaN NaN stepwise ionization process in which a polyprotic acid is ionized by losing protons sequentially NaN NaN NaN NaN titration curve plot of some sample property (such as pH) versus volume of added titrant NaN NaN NaN NaN triprotic acid acid that contains three ionizable hydrogen atoms per molecule NaN NaN NaN NaN