Covers the Group 4 (IUPAC: Group 14) chemistry (carbon, silicon, germanium, tin and lead) and specifically the trend from non-metal to metal as you go down the group, and the increasing tendency towards an oxidation state of +2. Also a certain amount of chemistry of the chlorides and oxides. Chemistry of Aqueous Lead(II) Ions This page discusses the precipitation of insoluble lead(II) compounds from aqueous lead(II) ions in solution. It describes the formation of lead(II) hydroxide, lead(II) chloride, lead(II) iodide and lead(II) sulfate. Because many lead(II) compounds are insoluble, a common source of aqueous lead(II) ions is lead(II) nitrate; this source is assumed in all following examples. Chlorides of Group 4 Elements Oxidation State Trends in Group 4 This page explores the oxidation states (oxidation numbers) adopted by the Group 4 elements (carbon (C), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), tin (Sn) and lead (Pb)). It examines the increasing tendency of the elements to form compounds with +2 oxidation states, particularly for tin and lead. Oxides of Group 4 Elements This page briefly examines the oxides of carbon, silicon, germanium, tin and lead. It concentrates on the structural differences between carbon dioxide and silicon dioxide, and on the trends in acid-base behavior of the oxides down Group 4. The Trend from Non-Metal to Metal in Group 4 Elements