For each of the following problems indicate whether its solution requires a qualitative analysis, a quantitative analysis, a characterization analysis, and/or a fundamental analysis. More than one type of analysis may be appropriate for some problems. The residents in a neighborhood near a hazardous-waste disposal site are concerned that it is leaking contaminants into their groundwater. An art museum is concerned that a recently acquired oil painting is a forgery. Airport security needs a more reliable method for detecting the presence of explosive materials in luggage. The structure of a newly discovered virus needs to be determined. A new visual indicator is needed for an acid–base titration. A new law requires a method for evaluating whether automobiles are emitting too much carbon monoxide. Read the article “When Machine Tastes Coffee: Instrumental Approach to Predict the Sensory Profile of Espresso Coffee,” which discusses work completed at the Nestlé Research Center in Lausanne, Switzerland. You will find the article on pages 1574-1581 in Volume 80 of Analytical Chemistry , published in 2008. Prepare an essay that summarizes the nature of the problem and how it was solved. Do not worry about the nitty-gritty details of the mathematical model developed by the authors, which relies on a combination of an analysis of variance (ANOVA), a topic we will consider in Chapter 14, and a principle component regression (PCR), at topic that we will not consider in this text. Instead, focus on the results of the model by examining the visualizations in Figure 3 and Figure 4 of the paper. As a guide, refer to Figure 1.2.1 in this chapter for a model of the analytical approach to solving problems. Use this link to access the article’s abstract from the journal’s web site. If your institution has an on-line subscription you also will be able to download a PDF version of the article.