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The dataset generation failed because of a cast error
Error code:   DatasetGenerationCastError
Exception:    DatasetGenerationCastError
Message:      An error occurred while generating the dataset

All the data files must have the same columns, but at some point there are 6 new columns ({'The following structures that can coexist in the same type of rocks are:', 'Null', 'Wave marks, mud cracks, parallel bedding', 'C', 'Plate-shaped, gneiss-shaped, pillow-shaped', 'Stomatal, almond-shaped, thousand-piece'}) and 7 missing columns ({'hotspots', 'B', 'plate tectonics', "The umbrella theory explaining the Earth's movement, contact, and flattening of large land plates is known as", 'the Richter Magnitude Scale', 'the subduction zone', 'the Coriolis effect'}).

This happened while the csv dataset builder was generating data using

hf://datasets/itpossible/GeoTask/factual_task_npeeSub.csv (at revision 8cb2106dc885efa15fd92109a22eb3530d6fb126)

Please either edit the data files to have matching columns, or separate them into different configurations (see docs at https://hf.co/docs/hub/datasets-manual-configuration#multiple-configurations)
Traceback:    Traceback (most recent call last):
                File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1870, in _prepare_split_single
                  writer.write_table(table)
                File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/arrow_writer.py", line 622, in write_table
                  pa_table = table_cast(pa_table, self._schema)
                File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2292, in table_cast
                  return cast_table_to_schema(table, schema)
                File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2240, in cast_table_to_schema
                  raise CastError(
              datasets.table.CastError: Couldn't cast
              The following structures that can coexist in the same type of rocks are:: string
              Stomatal, almond-shaped, thousand-piece: string
              Plate-shaped, gneiss-shaped, pillow-shaped: string
              Wave marks, mud cracks, parallel bedding: string
              Null: string
              C: string
              -- schema metadata --
              pandas: '{"index_columns": [{"kind": "range", "name": null, "start": 0, "' + 1257
              to
              {"The umbrella theory explaining the Earth's movement, contact, and flattening of large land plates is known as": Value(dtype='string', id=None), 'the Coriolis effect': Value(dtype='string', id=None), 'plate tectonics': Value(dtype='string', id=None), 'hotspots': Value(dtype='string', id=None), 'the Richter Magnitude Scale': Value(dtype='string', id=None), 'the subduction zone': Value(dtype='string', id=None), 'B': Value(dtype='string', id=None)}
              because column names don't match
              
              During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
              
              Traceback (most recent call last):
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1417, in compute_config_parquet_and_info_response
                  parquet_operations = convert_to_parquet(builder)
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1049, in convert_to_parquet
                  builder.download_and_prepare(
                File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 924, in download_and_prepare
                  self._download_and_prepare(
                File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1000, in _download_and_prepare
                  self._prepare_split(split_generator, **prepare_split_kwargs)
                File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1741, in _prepare_split
                  for job_id, done, content in self._prepare_split_single(
                File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1872, in _prepare_split_single
                  raise DatasetGenerationCastError.from_cast_error(
              datasets.exceptions.DatasetGenerationCastError: An error occurred while generating the dataset
              
              All the data files must have the same columns, but at some point there are 6 new columns ({'The following structures that can coexist in the same type of rocks are:', 'Null', 'Wave marks, mud cracks, parallel bedding', 'C', 'Plate-shaped, gneiss-shaped, pillow-shaped', 'Stomatal, almond-shaped, thousand-piece'}) and 7 missing columns ({'hotspots', 'B', 'plate tectonics', "The umbrella theory explaining the Earth's movement, contact, and flattening of large land plates is known as", 'the Richter Magnitude Scale', 'the subduction zone', 'the Coriolis effect'}).
              
              This happened while the csv dataset builder was generating data using
              
              hf://datasets/itpossible/GeoTask/factual_task_npeeSub.csv (at revision 8cb2106dc885efa15fd92109a22eb3530d6fb126)
              
              Please either edit the data files to have matching columns, or separate them into different configurations (see docs at https://hf.co/docs/hub/datasets-manual-configuration#multiple-configurations)

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The umbrella theory explaining the Earth's movement, contact, and flattening of large land plates is known as
string
the Coriolis effect
string
plate tectonics
string
hotspots
string
the Richter Magnitude Scale
string
the subduction zone
string
B
string
A long, narrow, upper atmosphere current of fast moving air is known as a
jet stream
thermophile
contrail
gust of wind
typhoon
A
Archaeologists record the top layers first, followed by older, deeper layers to study ancient settlements and cities following the
principle of original horizontality
principle of uniformitarianism
principle of superposition
principle of uniformity
principle of lateral continuity
C
Gravitational forces within the Earth, as well as heat and radioactive element recycling in the molten core, take place through
subduction
deflection
transformation
convection
divergent boundaries
D
Which two gases make up the majority of the Earth's gases?
Oxygen and methane
Oxygen and propane
Nitrogen and carbon dioxide
Benzene and nitrogen
Nitrogen and oxygen
E
Because he figured out that sedimentary rock must have been compacted and compressed, over many ages, _______ is known as the father of modern geology.
Richard Palmer
James Hutton
W
Nicholas Steno
Aubrey Hough
B
An ocean trench is formed along the
transform fault boundary of two colliding plates
Mid-Atlantic Ridge
distant edge boundary of two colliding plates
divergent boundary of two colliding plates
convergent boundary of two colliding plates
E
Which of the following is the highest layer of the atmosphere?
Stratosphere
Thermosphere
Ozone
Troposphere
Mesosphere
B
Water-layered sediments that thin to nothing at a shore or the area where first deposited are the subject of the
principle of uniformity
principle of original horizontality
second law of thermodynamics
principle of superposition
principle of lateral continuity
E
Any solid material (rock or organic) that settles out from a liquid is known as
sediment
ash
a biofuel
granite
cinders
A
The principle of uniformitarianism includes the idea that
continental shifting and compression are possible across different regions
energy can neither be created nor destroyed
volcanoes can erupt even when quiet for 200 years
population growth is slow and the birth rate drops to around the death rate
primary consumers (i.e., herbivores) consume plants and algae
A
A volcano with little erosion and that may erupt at any time is classified as
active
dormant
high risk
sedimentary
extinct
B
Primary waves, which bunch together and then move apart like an inchworm, are
the slowest seismic waves
the fastest seismic waves
known as Rayleigh waves
a type of surface wave
the only wave to move through air
B
Large temperature differences and strong pressure differences between warm and cold air cause the formation of the
precipitation
auroras
jet stream
clouds
fossilization
C
A huge layer of rock that drifts slowly over the supporting upper mantle layer is a
caldera
hotspot
geological plate
tropical oasis
transform fault
C
When Mount Vesuvius erupted in 79 A.D., most people were killed by
lava
pyroclastic flow
volcanic rock
poisonous volcanic gases
the hysterical crowd running toward the sea
D
A large earthquake occurs, on average, somewhere in the world each year of greater than
1.5 magnitude
2.0 magnitude
4.0 magnitude
5.2 magnitude
8.0 magnitude
E
A sudden change in the wind's direction or speed with increasing altitude is called
wind stop
wind chill
troposphere
wind shear
ionosphere
D
The northern and southern lights are found in the
mesosphere
tropopause
stratosphere
troposphere
thermosphere
E
Where two crustal plates collide and one plate is forced under the other into the mantle, it is called a
hotspot
pressure zone
surface trace
subduction zone
sedimentary layer
D
Relationships between earth layers and soil samples are described by
tectonic time measurements
Jurassic time measurements
chronostatic time measurements
continental drift
subjective time measurements
C
The relationship between air temperature and the amount of water vapor it contains is known as
relative humidity
indistinct humidity
point source humidity
aridity
wind shear
A
The location directly above an earthquake's hypocenter on the earth's surface is the
epicenter
trench
hypercenter
surface trace
ridge
A
Love waves are a type of
primary seismic wave
surface wave
pyroclastic flow
folded rock
lapilli
B
Vibrations in the Earth caused by cracks or shifts in the underlying rock are called
caldera
sedimentation
igneous activity
faults
seismic waves
E
The following are all time units of the geological time scale except
eons
eras
ages
periods
epochs
C
The thermosphere is also called the
mesosphere
troposphere
ionosphere
lower latitude layer
El Niño effect
C
The Coriolis effect is a result of the Earth's
gravitation
temperature
rotation
plant life
curvature
C
An isobar is a
measure of temperature
line connecting areas of increasing atmospheric pressure
measure of depth
line connecting areas of the same atmospheric pressure
topographical symbol
D
Using the table below asdf, if the wind is blowing 30 km/h and the outside temperature is 15°C, what is the wind chill factor in degrees Celsius?
8°C
10°C
12°C
14°C
15°C
C
Groundwater is stored in
porous rocks
snow
glaciers
aquifers
all of the above
E
The layer closest to the surface, where spaces between soil particles are filled with both air and water, is called the zone of
aeration
hydration
precipitation
consolidation
acclimation
A
Infiltration takes place when
streams overflow their banks
plants use water during photosynthesis
deserts get drier and drier
rainfall soaks into the ground
snow melts
D
When water changes from a liquid to a gas or vapor, the process is called
aeration
conservation
precipitation
withdrawal
evaporation
E
A tropical depression is the first phase in the formation of a
tornado
cloud
hurricane
jet stream
temperature inversion
C
The study of the occurrence, distribution, and movement of water on, in, and above the surface of the Earth is called
microbiology
ecology
hydrology
botany
aquaculture
C
The oceans hold approximately what percent of the Earth's water?
45%
62%
75%
80%
97%
E
Aquifers that form a water table separating unsaturated and saturated zones are called
unconfined aquifers
confined aquifers
lakes
closed aquifers
saturated aquifers
A
The water found in subterranean spaces, cracks, and open pore spaces of minerals is called
watershed
groundwater
snow melt
runoff
evapotranspiration
B
Rainfall or snow melt that has not had time to evaporate, transpire, or move into groundwater is known as
transpiration
an aquifer
consumption
runoff
conservation
D
When moving through the eye wall of a hurricane and into the eye, surface pressure
increases
decreases
stays the same
is at its highest
is only rarely low
B
The area at the surface or below ground that supplies water to an aquifer and/or most of the watershed or drainage basin is called
an aquifer
an unconsolidated aquifer
a drainage zone
an aquifer recharge zone
a surface discharge
D
The amount of open space in the soil is called
crystal structure
sedimentation
soil porosity
granite
soil salinity
C
Under surface soil, where all the open spaces have become filled with water, lies the zone of
sedimentation
saturation
equalization
salination
diffusion
B
Pesticide and fertilizer use on crops affects water purity when
evaporation is increased by heat
it is used sparingly
there is too little rainfall
it is used in proper amounts
runoff joins with surface and/or groundwater
E
The depletion of water from aquifers faster than they can naturally be refilled is called
aquifer saturation
groundwater mining
flooding
runoff
the water table
B
The amount of withdrawn water lost in transport, evaporation, absorption, chemical change, or is otherwise unavailable as a result of human use is known as
withdrawal
conservation
consumption
discharge
runoff
C
When water is blocked by a low-permeability material below the aquifer, it is known as
an unconfined aquifer
a perched water table
a watershed
a zone of aeration
a diverted stream
B
Lithification, comes from the Greek word lithos, meaning
stone
light
paper
seawater
white
A
Diagenesis causes
a red rash on the elbow
miscalculations of circular core samples
photosynthesis in most upper ocean layers
lithification of sediment by physical and chemical processes
drought in some areas
D
Which of the following is a common metamorphic rock type?
Subjugate rock
Slate
Vermiculite
Slant
Magma
B
Metamorphic rock is known as a
hard purple-colored rock
surface-only rock
chameleon of rock types
good building material
brittle rock type
C
When several rock-stratigraphic units are stacked vertically, they are called a
metamorphic shelf
gneiss
lithification
vertical unit
formation
E
When rock on the Earth's surface is worn away, it is called
foliation
metamorphism
exfoliation
sedimentation
coloration
C
Clastic sedimentary rocks are made up of
pieces of other rocks
gelatin from kelp
the hardest granites
boulders larger than 1 meter across
petroleum distillates
A
Which of the following plays a big part in soil erosion?
Fertilizer
Conservation
Tillage
Plant type
Rainfall
C
Which process wears away existing rocks and produces lots of small rock?
Lithification
Sedimentation
Compaction
Weathering
Concretion
D
The following are all tools in soil conservation except for
cover crops
deforestation
planting of perennial plants
adding mulch
crop rotation
B
Which metamorphic rock is often used as a paving and building stone?
Mica
Marble
Shale
Sandstone
Obsidian
B
Felsic and mafic are two types of
metamorphic rock
clastic formations
sedimentary rock
igneous rock
multicolored clays
D
What percentage of the world's land is at risk of desertification?
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
C
Pebbles surrounded by a covering of sand or mud is known as
a conglomerate
shale
granite
magma
igneous clay
A
The description of an area's land contours and surface features is called
geography
cartography
graphology
topography
photography
D
Pedocal, pedalfer, and laterite are three basic soil types based primarily on
elevation
soil type
water content
mineral base
climate
C
Which soil horizon consists of a zone of accumulation, where ions transported by rainwater are reconnected to create new minerals?
Horizon A
Horizon B
Horizon C
Ions are not transported this way
Mineralization occurs only in the topsoil
B
A complex community of plants, animals, and microorganisms linked by interacting energy and nutrient flows is called a(n)
atmosphere
ecosystem
niche
suburb
species
B
The world's oceans make up what percent of the planet's biosphere?
27%
44%
62%
75%
99%
E
Which diverse ecosystem absorbs high flow and releases water slowly?
High plains
Wetlands
Arctic
Rocky Mountains
Old-growth forest
B
Madagascar and the Indian Ocean islands, the Philippines, Sundaland, the Atlantic Forest, and the Caribbean are all considered
hotspots
expensive vacation spots
sustainable use areas
arid regions
mountainous
A
Aircraft, high-altitude balloons, and satellites are all used in
birthday parties
field testing
remote sensing
acrobatic air shows
high school science labs
C
The vertical range that contains the biosphere is roughly
1,000 meters high
5,000 meters high
10,000 meters high
20,000 meters high
40,000 meters high
D
When a species like the dodo bird becomes extinct, it is said to be
in remission
hibernating for the winter
not important to the ecosystem
gone for 10 years and then returns
gone forever
E
The total area in which a plant, animal, insect, or other organism travels in its lifetime determines its
life span
range
personality type
itinerary
habitat
B
In which layer do all the pressure, wind, and precipitation changes occur?
Outer space
Stratosphere
Troposphere
Ionosphere
Mesosphere
C
Tornadoes of the F4/F5 category account for what percent of deaths?
80%
65%
40%
25%
10%
B
ASTER information is used to draw detailed maps of land surface temperature, elevation, and
salt flats
mountain algae populations
reflectance
honeybee populations
shipping lanes
C
Adjacent habitats have overlapping boundaries called
wetlands
topography
ecological succession
ecotones
secondary succession
D
Over time, a previously untouched area like a volcanic flow will be populated by different species creating soil, cover, shade, and food resulting in a(n)
primary succession of development
secondary succession of development
tertiary succession of development
overcrowded ecosystem
ecotone
A
A hotspot is an ecological region that has high biodiversity and lost
10% of its original habitat
20% of its original habitat
45% of its original habitat
60% of its original habitat
over 70% of its original habitat
E
The most important factor currently affecting many species is
loss of habitat
predation
food supply
climate
disease
A
The use of resources in a manner that protects a species or environment without causing long-term loss is known as
evolutionary use
clear cutting
sustainable use
extinction
speciation
C
When no two species can fill the same niche at the same time and the weaker species must fill a smaller niche, relocate, or die, it is known as
survival of the fittest
Gause's principle
the conservation of species
a keystone species
climax succession
B
When a species' numbers drop continuously because of habitat destruction, the species is said to be
extinct
poor predators
protected
not evolutionarily hearty
endangered
E
Mutualism is a type of symbiosis where
neither species benefits
both species benefit
one species benefits and one is unaffected
one species is harmed and one benefits
both species are harmed
B
When a species has no competitive limitations, it has a
realized niche
developed niche
fundamental niche
successive niche
population overshoot
C
When an ecosystem reaches its final stage of balanced species development, it is called a(n)
climax community
population
pioneer species
initial niche
extinct zone
A
When calcium carbonate is used to build the shells of sea creatures, it is called
lime
condensation
sublimation
biomineralization
transfiguration
D
By dry weight, approximately what percent of carbon are humans composed of?
20%
50%
65%
70%
90%
B
Scientists have studied the carbon cycle in all the following geochemical reservoirs except
the oceans
soil
fossil fuels
the Earth's core
plant life
D
Carbon-containing material from living or nonliving sources is called
pyroclastic material
inorganic material
organic material
sublimation
biomineralization
C
When freshwater has high concentrations of calcium and/or magnesium, it is commonly called
calciferous
hard water
soft water
mineralization
lime
B
ENSO takes place at intervals of 2 to 7 years and lasts approximately
6 months
1 to 2 years
3 years
2 to 5 years
7 years
B
The residence time of oxygen in the atmosphere is
12 weeks
300 years
1,000 years
6,000 years
1 million years
D
When plants pull water from the soil, use the dissolved minerals to grow, and release the water back through the leaves, it is known as
evapotranspiration
respiration
condensation
transport
condensation
A
Plants are known as primary producers of
methane
biomineralization
biomass
water pollution
limestone
C
The idea that matter is neither created, nor destroyed, but recycled through natural cycles is known as
conservation of matter
origin of species
residence time
transconfiguration
respiration
A
All the following are natural water reservoirs except
aquifers
living organisms
streams
limestone
the atmosphere
D
A plant's reaction that captures visible light wavelengths (0.4 to 0.7 µm) and transforms them into chemical energy is known as
sublimation
biomineralization
biomass
evapotranspiration
photosynthesis
E
Organisms that consume litter, debris, and dung are called
carnivores
herbivores
detritivores
parasites
omnivores
C
When ammonia is taken up by plants, dissolved by water, or remains in the soil to be converted to nitrates, it is known as
calcification
residence time
photosynthesis
nitrification
neutralization
D
The location where planetary water is stored for a length of time is called
sink hole
geological cycle
lake
karst
water reservoir
E
End of preview.