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The dataset generation failed because of a cast error
Error code: DatasetGenerationCastError Exception: DatasetGenerationCastError Message: An error occurred while generating the dataset All the data files must have the same columns, but at some point there are 6 new columns ({'The following structures that can coexist in the same type of rocks are:', 'Null', 'Wave marks, mud cracks, parallel bedding', 'C', 'Plate-shaped, gneiss-shaped, pillow-shaped', 'Stomatal, almond-shaped, thousand-piece'}) and 7 missing columns ({'hotspots', 'B', 'plate tectonics', "The umbrella theory explaining the Earth's movement, contact, and flattening of large land plates is known as", 'the Richter Magnitude Scale', 'the subduction zone', 'the Coriolis effect'}). This happened while the csv dataset builder was generating data using hf://datasets/itpossible/GeoTask/factual_task_npeeSub.csv (at revision 8cb2106dc885efa15fd92109a22eb3530d6fb126) Please either edit the data files to have matching columns, or separate them into different configurations (see docs at https://hf.co/docs/hub/datasets-manual-configuration#multiple-configurations) Traceback: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1870, in _prepare_split_single writer.write_table(table) File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/arrow_writer.py", line 622, in write_table pa_table = table_cast(pa_table, self._schema) File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2292, in table_cast return cast_table_to_schema(table, schema) File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2240, in cast_table_to_schema raise CastError( datasets.table.CastError: Couldn't cast The following structures that can coexist in the same type of rocks are:: string Stomatal, almond-shaped, thousand-piece: string Plate-shaped, gneiss-shaped, pillow-shaped: string Wave marks, mud cracks, parallel bedding: string Null: string C: string -- schema metadata -- pandas: '{"index_columns": [{"kind": "range", "name": null, "start": 0, "' + 1257 to {"The umbrella theory explaining the Earth's movement, contact, and flattening of large land plates is known as": Value(dtype='string', id=None), 'the Coriolis effect': Value(dtype='string', id=None), 'plate tectonics': Value(dtype='string', id=None), 'hotspots': Value(dtype='string', id=None), 'the Richter Magnitude Scale': Value(dtype='string', id=None), 'the subduction zone': Value(dtype='string', id=None), 'B': Value(dtype='string', id=None)} because column names don't match During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1417, in compute_config_parquet_and_info_response parquet_operations = convert_to_parquet(builder) File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1049, in convert_to_parquet builder.download_and_prepare( File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 924, in download_and_prepare self._download_and_prepare( File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1000, in _download_and_prepare self._prepare_split(split_generator, **prepare_split_kwargs) File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1741, in _prepare_split for job_id, done, content in self._prepare_split_single( File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1872, in _prepare_split_single raise DatasetGenerationCastError.from_cast_error( datasets.exceptions.DatasetGenerationCastError: An error occurred while generating the dataset All the data files must have the same columns, but at some point there are 6 new columns ({'The following structures that can coexist in the same type of rocks are:', 'Null', 'Wave marks, mud cracks, parallel bedding', 'C', 'Plate-shaped, gneiss-shaped, pillow-shaped', 'Stomatal, almond-shaped, thousand-piece'}) and 7 missing columns ({'hotspots', 'B', 'plate tectonics', "The umbrella theory explaining the Earth's movement, contact, and flattening of large land plates is known as", 'the Richter Magnitude Scale', 'the subduction zone', 'the Coriolis effect'}). This happened while the csv dataset builder was generating data using hf://datasets/itpossible/GeoTask/factual_task_npeeSub.csv (at revision 8cb2106dc885efa15fd92109a22eb3530d6fb126) Please either edit the data files to have matching columns, or separate them into different configurations (see docs at https://hf.co/docs/hub/datasets-manual-configuration#multiple-configurations)
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The umbrella theory explaining the Earth's movement, contact, and flattening of large land plates is known as
string | the Coriolis effect
string | plate tectonics
string | hotspots
string | the Richter Magnitude Scale
string | the subduction zone
string | B
string |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A long, narrow, upper atmosphere current of fast moving air is known as a | jet stream | thermophile | contrail | gust of wind | typhoon | A |
Archaeologists record the top layers first, followed by older, deeper layers to study ancient settlements and cities following the | principle of original horizontality | principle of uniformitarianism | principle of superposition | principle of uniformity | principle of lateral continuity | C |
Gravitational forces within the Earth, as well as heat and radioactive element recycling in the molten core, take place through | subduction | deflection | transformation | convection | divergent boundaries | D |
Which two gases make up the majority of the Earth's gases? | Oxygen and methane | Oxygen and propane | Nitrogen and carbon dioxide | Benzene and nitrogen | Nitrogen and oxygen | E |
Because he figured out that sedimentary rock must have been compacted and compressed, over many ages, _______ is known as the father of modern geology. | Richard Palmer | James Hutton | W | Nicholas Steno | Aubrey Hough | B |
An ocean trench is formed along the | transform fault boundary of two colliding plates | Mid-Atlantic Ridge | distant edge boundary of two colliding plates | divergent boundary of two colliding plates | convergent boundary of two colliding plates | E |
Which of the following is the highest layer of the atmosphere? | Stratosphere | Thermosphere | Ozone | Troposphere | Mesosphere | B |
Water-layered sediments that thin to nothing at a shore or the area where first deposited are the subject of the | principle of uniformity | principle of original horizontality | second law of thermodynamics | principle of superposition | principle of lateral continuity | E |
Any solid material (rock or organic) that settles out from a liquid is known as | sediment | ash | a biofuel | granite | cinders | A |
The principle of uniformitarianism includes the idea that | continental shifting and compression are possible across different regions | energy can neither be created nor destroyed | volcanoes can erupt even when quiet for 200 years | population growth is slow and the birth rate drops to around the death rate | primary consumers (i.e., herbivores) consume plants and algae | A |
A volcano with little erosion and that may erupt at any time is classified as | active | dormant | high risk | sedimentary | extinct | B |
Primary waves, which bunch together and then move apart like an inchworm, are | the slowest seismic waves | the fastest seismic waves | known as Rayleigh waves | a type of surface wave | the only wave to move through air | B |
Large temperature differences and strong pressure differences between warm and cold air cause the formation of the | precipitation | auroras | jet stream | clouds | fossilization | C |
A huge layer of rock that drifts slowly over the supporting upper mantle layer is a | caldera | hotspot | geological plate | tropical oasis | transform fault | C |
When Mount Vesuvius erupted in 79 A.D., most people were killed by | lava | pyroclastic flow | volcanic rock | poisonous volcanic gases | the hysterical crowd running toward the sea | D |
A large earthquake occurs, on average, somewhere in the world each year of greater than | 1.5 magnitude | 2.0 magnitude | 4.0 magnitude | 5.2 magnitude | 8.0 magnitude | E |
A sudden change in the wind's direction or speed with increasing altitude is called | wind stop | wind chill | troposphere | wind shear | ionosphere | D |
The northern and southern lights are found in the | mesosphere | tropopause | stratosphere | troposphere | thermosphere | E |
Where two crustal plates collide and one plate is forced under the other into the mantle, it is called a | hotspot | pressure zone | surface trace | subduction zone | sedimentary layer | D |
Relationships between earth layers and soil samples are described by | tectonic time measurements | Jurassic time measurements | chronostatic time measurements | continental drift | subjective time measurements | C |
The relationship between air temperature and the amount of water vapor it contains is known as | relative humidity | indistinct humidity | point source humidity | aridity | wind shear | A |
The location directly above an earthquake's hypocenter on the earth's surface is the | epicenter | trench | hypercenter | surface trace | ridge | A |
Love waves are a type of | primary seismic wave | surface wave | pyroclastic flow | folded rock | lapilli | B |
Vibrations in the Earth caused by cracks or shifts in the underlying rock are called | caldera | sedimentation | igneous activity | faults | seismic waves | E |
The following are all time units of the geological time scale except | eons | eras | ages | periods | epochs | C |
The thermosphere is also called the | mesosphere | troposphere | ionosphere | lower latitude layer | El Niño effect | C |
The Coriolis effect is a result of the Earth's | gravitation | temperature | rotation | plant life | curvature | C |
An isobar is a | measure of temperature | line connecting areas of increasing atmospheric pressure | measure of depth | line connecting areas of the same atmospheric pressure | topographical symbol | D |
Using the table below asdf, if the wind is blowing 30 km/h and the outside temperature is 15°C, what is the wind chill factor in degrees Celsius? | 8°C | 10°C | 12°C | 14°C | 15°C | C |
Groundwater is stored in | porous rocks | snow | glaciers | aquifers | all of the above | E |
The layer closest to the surface, where spaces between soil particles are filled with both air and water, is called the zone of | aeration | hydration | precipitation | consolidation | acclimation | A |
Infiltration takes place when | streams overflow their banks | plants use water during photosynthesis | deserts get drier and drier | rainfall soaks into the ground | snow melts | D |
When water changes from a liquid to a gas or vapor, the process is called | aeration | conservation | precipitation | withdrawal | evaporation | E |
A tropical depression is the first phase in the formation of a | tornado | cloud | hurricane | jet stream | temperature inversion | C |
The study of the occurrence, distribution, and movement of water on, in, and above the surface of the Earth is called | microbiology | ecology | hydrology | botany | aquaculture | C |
The oceans hold approximately what percent of the Earth's water? | 45% | 62% | 75% | 80% | 97% | E |
Aquifers that form a water table separating unsaturated and saturated zones are called | unconfined aquifers | confined aquifers | lakes | closed aquifers | saturated aquifers | A |
The water found in subterranean spaces, cracks, and open pore spaces of minerals is called | watershed | groundwater | snow melt | runoff | evapotranspiration | B |
Rainfall or snow melt that has not had time to evaporate, transpire, or move into groundwater is known as | transpiration | an aquifer | consumption | runoff | conservation | D |
When moving through the eye wall of a hurricane and into the eye, surface pressure | increases | decreases | stays the same | is at its highest | is only rarely low | B |
The area at the surface or below ground that supplies water to an aquifer and/or most of the watershed or drainage basin is called | an aquifer | an unconsolidated aquifer | a drainage zone | an aquifer recharge zone | a surface discharge | D |
The amount of open space in the soil is called | crystal structure | sedimentation | soil porosity | granite | soil salinity | C |
Under surface soil, where all the open spaces have become filled with water, lies the zone of | sedimentation | saturation | equalization | salination | diffusion | B |
Pesticide and fertilizer use on crops affects water purity when | evaporation is increased by heat | it is used sparingly | there is too little rainfall | it is used in proper amounts | runoff joins with surface and/or groundwater | E |
The depletion of water from aquifers faster than they can naturally be refilled is called | aquifer saturation | groundwater mining | flooding | runoff | the water table | B |
The amount of withdrawn water lost in transport, evaporation, absorption, chemical change, or is otherwise unavailable as a result of human use is known as | withdrawal | conservation | consumption | discharge | runoff | C |
When water is blocked by a low-permeability material below the aquifer, it is known as | an unconfined aquifer | a perched water table | a watershed | a zone of aeration | a diverted stream | B |
Lithification, comes from the Greek word lithos, meaning | stone | light | paper | seawater | white | A |
Diagenesis causes | a red rash on the elbow | miscalculations of circular core samples | photosynthesis in most upper ocean layers | lithification of sediment by physical and chemical processes | drought in some areas | D |
Which of the following is a common metamorphic rock type? | Subjugate rock | Slate | Vermiculite | Slant | Magma | B |
Metamorphic rock is known as a | hard purple-colored rock | surface-only rock | chameleon of rock types | good building material | brittle rock type | C |
When several rock-stratigraphic units are stacked vertically, they are called a | metamorphic shelf | gneiss | lithification | vertical unit | formation | E |
When rock on the Earth's surface is worn away, it is called | foliation | metamorphism | exfoliation | sedimentation | coloration | C |
Clastic sedimentary rocks are made up of | pieces of other rocks | gelatin from kelp | the hardest granites | boulders larger than 1 meter across | petroleum distillates | A |
Which of the following plays a big part in soil erosion? | Fertilizer | Conservation | Tillage | Plant type | Rainfall | C |
Which process wears away existing rocks and produces lots of small rock? | Lithification | Sedimentation | Compaction | Weathering | Concretion | D |
The following are all tools in soil conservation except for | cover crops | deforestation | planting of perennial plants | adding mulch | crop rotation | B |
Which metamorphic rock is often used as a paving and building stone? | Mica | Marble | Shale | Sandstone | Obsidian | B |
Felsic and mafic are two types of | metamorphic rock | clastic formations | sedimentary rock | igneous rock | multicolored clays | D |
What percentage of the world's land is at risk of desertification? | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | C |
Pebbles surrounded by a covering of sand or mud is known as | a conglomerate | shale | granite | magma | igneous clay | A |
The description of an area's land contours and surface features is called | geography | cartography | graphology | topography | photography | D |
Pedocal, pedalfer, and laterite are three basic soil types based primarily on | elevation | soil type | water content | mineral base | climate | C |
Which soil horizon consists of a zone of accumulation, where ions transported by rainwater are reconnected to create new minerals? | Horizon A | Horizon B | Horizon C | Ions are not transported this way | Mineralization occurs only in the topsoil | B |
A complex community of plants, animals, and microorganisms linked by interacting energy and nutrient flows is called a(n) | atmosphere | ecosystem | niche | suburb | species | B |
The world's oceans make up what percent of the planet's biosphere? | 27% | 44% | 62% | 75% | 99% | E |
Which diverse ecosystem absorbs high flow and releases water slowly? | High plains | Wetlands | Arctic | Rocky Mountains | Old-growth forest | B |
Madagascar and the Indian Ocean islands, the Philippines, Sundaland, the Atlantic Forest, and the Caribbean are all considered | hotspots | expensive vacation spots | sustainable use areas | arid regions | mountainous | A |
Aircraft, high-altitude balloons, and satellites are all used in | birthday parties | field testing | remote sensing | acrobatic air shows | high school science labs | C |
The vertical range that contains the biosphere is roughly | 1,000 meters high | 5,000 meters high | 10,000 meters high | 20,000 meters high | 40,000 meters high | D |
When a species like the dodo bird becomes extinct, it is said to be | in remission | hibernating for the winter | not important to the ecosystem | gone for 10 years and then returns | gone forever | E |
The total area in which a plant, animal, insect, or other organism travels in its lifetime determines its | life span | range | personality type | itinerary | habitat | B |
In which layer do all the pressure, wind, and precipitation changes occur? | Outer space | Stratosphere | Troposphere | Ionosphere | Mesosphere | C |
Tornadoes of the F4/F5 category account for what percent of deaths? | 80% | 65% | 40% | 25% | 10% | B |
ASTER information is used to draw detailed maps of land surface temperature, elevation, and | salt flats | mountain algae populations | reflectance | honeybee populations | shipping lanes | C |
Adjacent habitats have overlapping boundaries called | wetlands | topography | ecological succession | ecotones | secondary succession | D |
Over time, a previously untouched area like a volcanic flow will be populated by different species creating soil, cover, shade, and food resulting in a(n) | primary succession of development | secondary succession of development | tertiary succession of development | overcrowded ecosystem | ecotone | A |
A hotspot is an ecological region that has high biodiversity and lost | 10% of its original habitat | 20% of its original habitat | 45% of its original habitat | 60% of its original habitat | over 70% of its original habitat | E |
The most important factor currently affecting many species is | loss of habitat | predation | food supply | climate | disease | A |
The use of resources in a manner that protects a species or environment without causing long-term loss is known as | evolutionary use | clear cutting | sustainable use | extinction | speciation | C |
When no two species can fill the same niche at the same time and the weaker species must fill a smaller niche, relocate, or die, it is known as | survival of the fittest | Gause's principle | the conservation of species | a keystone species | climax succession | B |
When a species' numbers drop continuously because of habitat destruction, the species is said to be | extinct | poor predators | protected | not evolutionarily hearty | endangered | E |
Mutualism is a type of symbiosis where | neither species benefits | both species benefit | one species benefits and one is unaffected | one species is harmed and one benefits | both species are harmed | B |
When a species has no competitive limitations, it has a | realized niche | developed niche | fundamental niche | successive niche | population overshoot | C |
When an ecosystem reaches its final stage of balanced species development, it is called a(n) | climax community | population | pioneer species | initial niche | extinct zone | A |
When calcium carbonate is used to build the shells of sea creatures, it is called | lime | condensation | sublimation | biomineralization | transfiguration | D |
By dry weight, approximately what percent of carbon are humans composed of? | 20% | 50% | 65% | 70% | 90% | B |
Scientists have studied the carbon cycle in all the following geochemical reservoirs except | the oceans | soil | fossil fuels | the Earth's core | plant life | D |
Carbon-containing material from living or nonliving sources is called | pyroclastic material | inorganic material | organic material | sublimation | biomineralization | C |
When freshwater has high concentrations of calcium and/or magnesium, it is commonly called | calciferous | hard water | soft water | mineralization | lime | B |
ENSO takes place at intervals of 2 to 7 years and lasts approximately | 6 months | 1 to 2 years | 3 years | 2 to 5 years | 7 years | B |
The residence time of oxygen in the atmosphere is | 12 weeks | 300 years | 1,000 years | 6,000 years | 1 million years | D |
When plants pull water from the soil, use the dissolved minerals to grow, and release the water back through the leaves, it is known as | evapotranspiration | respiration | condensation | transport | condensation | A |
Plants are known as primary producers of | methane | biomineralization | biomass | water pollution | limestone | C |
The idea that matter is neither created, nor destroyed, but recycled through natural cycles is known as | conservation of matter | origin of species | residence time | transconfiguration | respiration | A |
All the following are natural water reservoirs except | aquifers | living organisms | streams | limestone | the atmosphere | D |
A plant's reaction that captures visible light wavelengths (0.4 to 0.7 µm) and transforms them into chemical energy is known as | sublimation | biomineralization | biomass | evapotranspiration | photosynthesis | E |
Organisms that consume litter, debris, and dung are called | carnivores | herbivores | detritivores | parasites | omnivores | C |
When ammonia is taken up by plants, dissolved by water, or remains in the soil to be converted to nitrates, it is known as | calcification | residence time | photosynthesis | nitrification | neutralization | D |
The location where planetary water is stored for a length of time is called | sink hole | geological cycle | lake | karst | water reservoir | E |
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