context: 1. e2e4  1... e7e5  2. g1f3  2... b8c6  3. f1b5  3... a7a6  4. b5a4  4... g8f6  5. e1g1  5... f8e7  6. d2d3  6... b7b5  7. a4b3  7... d7d6  8. a2a4  8... c8d7 This is Ding's favorite move in this important position for Ruy Lopez opening theory. 9. b1c3 A move that Carlsen had already tested in the 2010 World Blitz Championship. 9... c6a5  10. b3a2  10... b5b4  11. c3e2 The knight is preparing to go to g3. The option is to take it to d5, but this doesn't seem to be dangerous for Black. 11... c7c5  12. f3d2 White rushes to play f2-f4. Carlsen continues to repeat his game from 2010. 12... e8g8  13. f2f4 A new move. 13... a8b8 A strange move: I'm not sure how it helps Black's position. 14. d2c4  14... a5c4  15. a2c4  15... a6a5  16. f4e5  16... d6e5  17. e2g3 White has a clear initiative now. His pawn structure is better, the light-squared bishop is very strong, and the knight is troubling Black's kingside. 17... f6e8 The knight heads to d6. 18. d1h5  18... e8d6  19. c4d5  19... e7f6  20. b2b3  20... g7g6  21. h5f3  21... f6g7  22. c1e3  22... b8c8  23. f3f2  23... d8c7 A natural move to protect the c5-pawn, but this decision is criticized by the machine. In any case, the position already seems very difficult to play as Black, and it's not easy to let the c5-pawn go. 24. e3g5 Carlsen is quick to exploit the square that was freed by the queen move to c7. White threatens Be7. 24... d7e6  25. d5e6  25... f7e6  26. f2d2  26... f8f1  27. a1f1  27... c8f8  28. f1f8  28... g7f8  29. g5e3 Carlsen has the kind of endgame that he likes so much. White has a technically winning position, especially in such competent hands. Black's pawn structure is full of weaknesses, and White needs to create an additional point of contact, either by advancing pawns on the kingside or by advancing c2-c3 if the queens are exchanged. 29... d6f7  30. d2f2  30... f7d8  31. g3f1 The knight moves to the perfect c4-square. 31... c7e7  32. f1d2  32... d8c6  33. d2c4  33... h7h5  34. h2h4  34... g8g7  35. g2g3 Slowly improving the position. 35... g7g8  36. g1g2  36... g8g7 Black has no active plan. 37. g3g4  37... h5g4  38. f2g3 Opening up the game and creating additional weaknesses on the kingside. Black is unable to defend everything. 38... e7f6  39. e3g5  39... f6f7  40. c4e5  40... c6e5  41. g3e5  41... g7h7  42. e5f6  42... f7e8  43. g2g3  43... f8g7  44. f6e7  44... e8b8  45. g5f4  45... e6e5 