3709
ATRA did not activate nuclear factor kappa B or signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) activation pathways , suggesting that an alternate mechanism is involved in IRF-1 gene activation.
 ( DNA: IRF-1 gene, None) 
Locate the role in the text that participated in the event based on the event type and return it in the event list. 
 Option: Event type: RNA,cell type,protein,cell line,DNA, Arguments type: . 
Text: {0} 
Answer:
 ( DNA: IRF-1 gene, None) 