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“ Our experiments reveal several instances of VPN apps that expose users to serious privacy and security vulnerabilities , such as use of insecure VPN tunneling protocols , as well as IPv6 and DNS traffic leakage , ” said researchers Muhammad Ikram , Narseo Vallina - Rodriguez , Suranga Seneviratne , Mohamed Ali Kaafar and Vern Paxson , representing Australia ’s Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization ( AU - CSIRO ) , the University of South Wales , and the International Computer Science Institute at the University of California at Berkeley .
 ( discover vulnerability: reveal,  VPN apps: vulnerable system, security vulnerabilities: vulnerability, IPv6 and DNS traffic leakage: capabilities, Vern Paxson: discoverer, Mohamed Ali Kaafar: discoverer, Suranga Seneviratne: discoverer, Narseo Vallina - Rodriguez: discoverer, Muhammad Ikram: discoverer, use of insecure VPN tunneling protocols: capabilities, expose users to serious privacy: capabilities, the University of California at Berkeley: discoverer, the International Computer Science Institute: discoverer, the University of South Wales: discoverer, Australia ’s Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization ( AU - CSIRO ): discoverer) 
Locate the role in the text that participated in the event based on the event type and return it in the event list. 
 Option: Event type: phishing, data breach, ransom, discover vulnerability, patch vulnerability, Arguments type: vulnerable system, capabilities, vulnerability, number of victim, issues addressed, compromised data, damage amount, common vulnerabilities and exposures, victim, patch number, number of data, tool, discoverer, time, purpose, place, payment method, releaser, vulnerable system version, attacker, supported platform, patch, price, vulnerable system owner, trusted entity, attack pattern. 
Text: {0} 
Answer:
 ( discover vulnerability: reveal,  VPN apps: vulnerable system, security vulnerabilities: vulnerability, IPv6 and DNS traffic leakage: capabilities, Vern Paxson: discoverer, Mohamed Ali Kaafar: discoverer, Suranga Seneviratne: discoverer, Narseo Vallina - Rodriguez: discoverer, Muhammad Ikram: discoverer, use of insecure VPN tunneling protocols: capabilities, expose users to serious privacy: capabilities, the University of California at Berkeley: discoverer, the International Computer Science Institute: discoverer, the University of South Wales: discoverer, Australia ’s Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization ( AU - CSIRO ): discoverer) 