Simpson’s Paradox (2016)
That is not a paradox. It's just the fact that a theory about something might not hold when you take a closer look at that something.In the articles example, the admission rates of a university seemed to indicate that there is a bias against women.Zooming in and looking at the admission rates of the individual departments seem to indicate that there is a bias against men.The article makes it sound like the first theory was wrong. And the second theory - the bias against men - is the real truth.Zooming in further might indicate the opposite again.Take two boxers. So far, one of them has won 86% of his fights and the other one has won 100%. According to the article, "The data is clear".Now we add more data:One fighter is Mike Tyson. He won 50 of his 58 fights. The other one is me. I did one fight in kindergarden and won it. But to be honest: I would not want to fight Tyson. As paradox as it sounds.