Git Notes
I have a question totally unrelated to the post, but that I finally decided to ask because of it.In the tweet by Simon Willson at the top of the blog post, he uses the word "against":  Started experimenting with "git notes" against a new repo [...]

English is not my native tongue, but I always take the use of this preposition as if to state an adversarial relationship between two things, a relationship of opposition between them.
Therefore, sometimes I find it odd the way it is used in programming-related context.
A few examples of what I mean:  - "to program against a standard" instead of "to program based on a standard"
  - "to match against a pattern" instead of "to match the pattern onto the thing"
  - "to compare against a list" instead of "to compare with items from a list"
  - "to file an issue against the repository" instead of "file an issue at the repository"

It is possible (and very likely) that my proposed meanings are grammatically or even semantically wrong,
but I feel that "against" is being correctly used in these examples because I can see a slight opposition between the two things in them,
and I can understand that some people might even find an adversarial relationship there.
However, in the specific case of Simon Willson's tweet, the use of "against" sounds even more off because I fail to see a repository and Git notes as being adversaries or opposite to each other.
So the question is: is only me, as non-native speaker, that finds this usage (not only Willson's, but the examples too) a bit weird, or do native speaker also have similar sentiments?