Adobe Photoshop's 'super resolution' made my jaw hit the floor
As a metrologist (and photographer), the difficulty with these techniques is that they can over-represent the information contained within an image; they present an image of what was "probably" there, rather than representing what was.  These aren't so different from our own brains, which remember what we thought we saw, rather than the light that reached our retinas.These methods are already in extensive use (most smartphone images use extensive noise-reduction techniques), but we must be ever-cognizant that image-processing techniques can add yet another layer of nuance and uncertainty when we try to understand an image.