Fair trade price is the minimum price paid for certain agricultural products imported from developing countries. Fair trade is a movement that believes it is unethical to pay producers in developing countries the market price if that price is too low to provide a sufficient quality of living. Instead, certain importers agree to pay producers in the developing world at least a minimum price for their goods. Developed nations then import the goods where they promote them as fair-trade products and, normally, sell them at a higher price.
For goods to carry the Fair Trade Certified label, they must comply with standards outlined by the non-governmental organization FLO-CERT or other local fair-trade labelers. FLO-CERT broke up the set of standards it put in place into six categories with standards for small producer organizations, hired labor, contract production, traders, climate and textile. Within each category there is a set of specific standards for products. For example, within the small producer standards, there is another set of standards for products like coco, cane sugar, cereals, coffee, fresh fruit, honey, nuts, tea and so on. These specific product standards cover issues like product composition, production, contracts, pre-financing and pricing. However, these standards aren't set in stone.
The body responsible for setting these standards is the Fair Trade International Standards Committee, a committee appointed by the board of the FLO, which constantly review how individual international markets shift and economies change. Yet, while the specifics of these standards are always subject to change, the principals that inform them are much more firm. It's FLO-CERT's mission to provide producers in developing countries living wages for their work, and to make sure unfair trade doesn't put their livelihood at risk. While the intentions of FLO-CERT are virtuous, not all believe the Fair Trade system is completely fair to producers.
Opponents of the fair-trade system argue that establishing a price floor results in oversupply that can lead to lower market prices for producers that cannot sell to fair-trade buyers. For example, many in the North American coffee industry have shifted from using the Fair Trade system to buy and source beans to a Direct Trade model. By forming direct business relationships with the farmers, many roasters and coffee suppliers find they can get a better product and ensure fair pay to producers.
Fair Trade Investing is the act of investing in companies or projects that promote economic, social, and environmental goals.
Fair Market Value Purchase Option is the right, but not the obligation, to buy a leased asset at the end of the lease for a current value price.