"The discovery of a dark ribbon of weak hydrogen ion emissions that encircles Jupiter has overturned previous thinking about the giant planet's magnetic equator."
The smaller vortices also seem to come in - + pairs, like sun spots, and occasionally resolved in to more concentric 'tubes' .
"The latest data sent back by the Juno and Cassini spacecraft from giant gas planets Jupiter and Saturn have challenged a lot of current theories about how planets in our solar system form and behave.
"The detailed magnetic and gravity data have been "invaluable but also confounding," said David Stevenson from Caltech, who will present an update of both missions this week at the 2019 American Physical Society March Meeting in Boston. He will also participate in a press conference describing the work. Information for logging on to watch and ask questions remotely is included at the end of this news release.
""Although there are puzzles yet to be explained, this is already clarifying some of our ideas about how planets form, how they make magnetic fields and how the winds blow," Stevenson said.
"Cassini orbited Saturn for 13 years before its dramatic final dive into the planet's interior in 2017, while Juno has been orbiting Jupiter for two and a half years.
"Juno's success as a mission to Jupiter is a tribute to innovative design. Its instruments are powered by solar energy alone and protected so as to withstand the fierce radiation environment.
"Stevenson says the inclusion of a microwave sensor on Juno was a good decision.
""Using microwaves to figure out the deep atmosphere was the right, but unconventional, choice," he said. The microwave data have surprised the scientists, in particular by showing that the atmosphere is evenly mixed, something conventional theories did not predict.
""Any explanation for this has to be unorthodox," Stevenson said.
"Researchers are exploring weather events concentrating significant amounts of ice, liquids and gas in different parts of the atmosphere as possible explanations, but the matter is far from sealed.
"Other instruments on board Juno, gravity and magnetic sensors, have also sent back perplexing data. The magnetic field has spots (regions of anomalously high or low magnetic field) and also a striking difference between the northern and southern hemispheres.
""It's unlike anything we have seen before," Stevenson said.
"The gravity data have confirmed that in the midst of Jupiter, which is at least 90 percent hydrogen and helium by mass, there are heavier elements amounting to more than 10 times the mass of Earth. However, they are not concentrated in a core but are mixed in with the hydrogen above, most of which is in the form of a metallic liquid.
"The data has provided rich information about the outer parts of both Jupiter and Saturn. The abundance of heavier elements in these regions is still uncertain, but the outer layers play a larger-than-expected role in the generation of the two planets' magnetic fields. Experiments mimicking the gas planets' pressures and temperatures are now needed to help the scientists understand the processes that are going on.
"For Stevenson, who has studied gas giants for 40 years, the puzzles are the hallmark of a good mission.
""A successful mission is one that surprises us. Science would be boring if it merely confirmed what we previously thought," he said".
Actually both poles are receiving and emitting.
The charge field is not balanced, there is roughly 2/3 photons and 1/3 anti-photons in our solar system. Photons enter the south pole, anti-photons enter the north pole. There is also photons that enter one pole and exit the other, that would be the emitting part.
photons and anti-photons are the same particles but in the matter of field mechanics one is upside down to the other.
Photons have spin, if one is upside down to the other, you have left spins and right spins (ie chirality). This can also be seen at the poles, where counter rotation of atmosphere layers is observed.
Yes, i think that is right. Electric, or photonic in Miles' terms, currents are probably always to some degree bi-directional.
A 3 to 2 ratio seems reasonable for our solar system and It is that asymmetry which is apparent at the poles of Jupiter, and elsewhere.
"New Earth-based telescope observations show that auroras at Jupiter's poles are heating the planet's atmosphere to a greater depth than previously thought - and that it is a rapid response to the solar wind.
"Auroras at Earth's poles (known as the aurora borealis at the North Pole and aurora australis at the South Pole) occur when the energetic particles blown out from the Sun (the solar wind) interact with and heat up the gases in the upper atmosphere. The same thing happens at Jupiter, but the new observations show the heating goes two or three times deeper down into its atmosphere than on Earth, into the lower level of Jupiter's upper atmosphere, or stratosphere.
"Understanding how the Sun's constant outpouring of solar wind interacts with planetary environments is key to better understanding the very nature of how planets and their atmospheres evolve.
""What is startling about the results is that we were able to associate for the first time the variations in solar wind and the response in the stratosphere - and that the response to these variations is so quick for such a large area," said JPL's Glenn Orton, co-author and part of the observing team.
"Within a day of the solar wind hitting Jupiter, the chemistry in its atmosphere changed and its temperature rose, the team found. An infrared image captured during their observing campaign in January, February and May of 2017 clearly shows hot spots near the poles, where Jupiter's auroras are. The scientists based their findings on observations by the Subaru Telescope, atop the summit of Mauna Kea in Hawaii, which is operated by the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.
"The telescope's Cooled Mid-Infrared Camera and Spectograph (COMICS) recorded thermal images - which capture areas of higher or lower temperatures - of Jupiter's stratosphere.
""Such heating and chemical reactions may tell us something about other planets with harsh environments, and even early Earth," said Yasumasa Kasaba of Tohoku University, who also worked on the observing team."
Miles doesn't claim that the entire solar system has the same ratio of photons to antiphotons. E.g. in this paper on Pair Production, http://milesmathis.com/venus2.pdf , he said "The charge field here on the Earth is not symmetrical, because it has more photons than anti-photons. That is why the Earth is very magnetic, while Mars and Venus and the Moon are not. Any magnetic field will be non-symmetrical regarding photon spins, since the excess spins are what underlies magnetism. Only a field like that of Venus is nearly symmetrical." Also, "Notice that the electron spiral is exactly twice as big as the positron spiral. That means there are twice as many photons in the field as anti-photons." He's referring here to Earth, not Venus etc.
In this Venus paper, http://milesmathis.com/venus2.pdf , he provided more details as follows.
"I have shown that as we move out from the Sun, the charge field becomes more balanced, containing a higher percentage of antiphotons. In a recent paper on magnetic reconnection, I compiled findings from several previous papers, showing that the Solar corona has 10 to 15% anticharge, Mercury has about 20%, the Earth about 33%, and Uranus about 45%. I would estimate Saturn is closer to about 42%. Since balance would be 50%, this explains why Saturn has a weaker overall magnetic field compared to Jupiter (I did the full math and analysis in this recent paper called Saturn's Anemic Magnetic Field). The closer to balance, the more the two recycled fields interfere and cancel in the planetary interior, as a matter of spin."
This thread and forum are not the place to discuss the theories of Miles Mathis.
Thank you, thank you, thank you, NASA!
I hope discoveries like that will be the end of the Anthropogenic Global Warming religion.
As I said, if you want to understand how climate works, study Jupiter.
If you want to understand how moons form, study Saturn.