13 Study Guide
In 1945, 50 nations signed the charter creating the
Yalta agreement.
United Nations.
Which country was divided among four nations after the war?
In the Middle East, Jews and Arabs both claimed
What provided for unemployment and health benefits for GIs?
U.S. Marine Bill of Rights
Servicemen's Readjustment Act
The closed shop was outlawed by the
GI Bill of Rights.
Truman Doctrine.
Taft-Hartley bill.
Marshall Plan.
The winner of the 1948 presidential election was
Harry S Truman.
Thomas Dewey.
Henry Wallace.
Strom Thurmond.
When North Korea invaded South Korea, it gained control over which city?
Which country fought on the side of the North Koreans?
The popular general fired by President Harry S Truman was
Dwight D. Eisenhower.
Douglas MacArthur.
What helped bring about Joseph McCarthy's downfall?
the army
The "Big Three" Allied leaders met to discuss the postwar world at Yalta in
the Soviet Union.
The Soviet Union agreed to enter the war against what country in return for some territories?
What helped rebuild the countries of Western Europe?
Truman Doctrine
Yalta agreement
George F. Kennan's plan
What new Jewish state was created by dividing Palestine?
President Truman presented a plan of domestic reforms called the
Fair Deal.
New Deal.
GI Bill.
Who won the presidency in 1952 in a landslide victory?
The commander of the United Nations forces in Korea was
Before being joined by the United Nations forces, the South Koreans held only a small port city called
Pyongyang.
Inchon.
Pusan.
Seoul.
The most dramatic spy case to come before HUAC involved the
Rosenbergs.
Hisses.
McCarthys.
Chamberses.
The 1950s hunt for Communists in the United States was led by
Joseph Welch.
Joseph McCarthy.
Richard M. Nixon.
Margaret Chase Smith.
"They want to force us to accept their plans on Europe and the world. Well, that's not going to happen."
In February 1945 the "Big Three" Allied leaders met at Yalta to discuss postwar issues. Which of these leaders made this remark to his aides?
"When they told me yesterday . . . I felt like the moon, the stars, and all the planets had fallen on me."
–Harry S Truman, April 13, 1945
Which unexpected event had this effect on Vice President Truman?
dropping the atomic bomb on Japan
President Roosevelt's death
the Soviet blockade of Berlin
Churchill's "iron curtain" speech
"We understand the Russians need to be secure on her western frontiers from all renewal of German aggression. . . . [W]e welcome constant, frequent, and growing contacts between the Russian people and our own people on both sides of the Atlantic. It is my duty, however, to place before you certain facts about the present position in Europe—I am sure I do not wish to, but it is my duty, I feel, to present them to you.
"From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the Continent. Behind that line lie all the capitals of the ancient states of central and eastern Europe. Warsaw, Berlin, Prague, Vienna, . . . all these famous cities and the populations around them lie in the Soviet sphere . . . subject . . . to Soviet influence [and] to a very high and increasing measure of control from Moscow."
In this famous 1946 "iron curtain" speech in _____, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill warned of the danger of the Soviet Union's control of Eastern Europe.
Peking, China
Fulton, Missouri
". . . Greece must have assistance if it is to become a self-supporting and self-respecting democracy.
"The United States must supply that assistance. . . .
"I believe that it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation [conquest] by armed minorities or by outside pressures.
"I believe that we must assist free peoples to work out their own destinies in their own way.
"I believe that our help should be primarily through economic and financial aid which is essential to economic stability and orderly political processes. . .. ."
–President Harry Truman, speech to Congress, March 1947
This excerpt from a speech describes what became known as _____.
the Truman Doctrine
the Free Peoples Act
the Athens Agreement
the Roosevelt Doctrine
". . . [A] policy which only aims at containing Russia where it now is, is, in itself, an unsound policy; but it is a policy which is bound to fail because a purely defensive policy never wins against an aggressive policy. If our only policy is to stay where we are, we will be driven back. It is only by keeping alive the hope of liberation, by taking advantage of that wherever opportunity arises, that we will end this terrible peril which dominates the world, which imposes upon us such terrible sacrifices and so-great fears for the future. But all of this can be done and must be done in ways which will not provoke a general war . . .
". . . those who do not believe that results can be accomplished by moral pressures, by the weight of propaganda, just do not know what they are talking about. . . ."
–John Foster Dulles, hearing before the Senate Committee
on Foreign Relations, 1953
Which statement best describes the main idea of this passage?
The United States must immediately fight to free all nations taken over by Russia.
The United States must aggressively use moral pressures and propaganda to oppose Russian expansion.
The United States should negotiate with Russia about areas of political influence.
The United States should wage a defensive campaign to contain Russia's efforts at expansion.
"I feel pretty good when I'm attacked by both sides. It makes me more certain I'm on the right track."
This quote reflects Eisenhower's approach to domestic policy, which was
"We are having our little troubles now. Just a blow-up after a little let-down . . ."
–President Harry Truman
This quotation is Truman's response to which event?
the postwar economic adjustment
a national coal shortage and strike
the Taft-Hartley Act
high consumer prices
Responding to national economic problems, this slogan helped the _____ Party win control of both houses of Congress in 1946.
"More than 2,250,000 American veterans of WWII received at least part of their college education as a result of legislation known as the _____."
–Michael D. Haydock, historian
Which word correctly fills in the blank for this passage?
National Security Act
Taft-Hartley Act
"If I allowed him to defy the civil authorities in this manner, I myself would be violating my oath to uphold and defend the Constitution."
–President Harry Truman, April 11, 1951
In this quotation, Truman refers to his unpopular decision to fire _____.
General Dwight D. Eisenhower
his vice president
his attorney general
"We shall not, however, finally achieve the ideals for which this nation was founded so long as any American suffers discrimination as a result of his race, or religion, or color, or the land of origin of his forefathers."
–President Harry Truman, message to Congress
This statement against discrimination was made in
"Korea is the Greece of the Far East. If we are tough enough now, if we stand up to them like we did in Greece three years ago, they won't take any next steps."
In this passage, President Harry Truman argues for a "police action" to carry out the United States' _____ policy.
"Are you now or have you ever been a member of the Communist Party?"
Witnesses from the film industry were asked this famous question at public hearings held by _____ in 1947.
the Senate Anti-Communist Protection Committee
the Senate Loyalty Investigation Committee
the House Entertainment Industry Inquiry Committee
the House Un-American Activities Committee
" . . . Anyone who knows even the ABC's of the Communist war against free civilization knows that weakness and supineness will not free a single American uniformed man. If any Senator can in the future justify a vote to draft the sons of American mothers, then he must repudiate the shrinking show of weakness, and must tell those mothers that each young man who wears the American uniform carries the entire power of this nation with him when he goes to a foreign land.
"Unfortunately, the President sees fit to congratulate those who hold up the exposure of the Communists in one breath, and in the next breath urges patience, tolerance and niceties to those who are torturing American uniformed men. . . ."
–Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations of the Committee on Government Operations, Hearings, December 7, 1954
This condemnation of President Eisenhower for weakness against Communism is a quotation from _____.
John Foster Dulles
Senator Joseph McCarthy
"...have left home spiritually as well as physically"
–The Organization Man
What group was writer William H. Whyte, Jr. describing in this quote?
young executives
Based on the time line, which of the following time spans marks the duration of the Korean War?
After World War II, which of the following nations was neither communist nor a member of NATO?
Based on the map, in what country was Berlin after World War II?
Based on the map, which sector of Berlin did not have an airport?
Soviet sector
American sector
French sector
British sector
Based on the map of postwar Berlin, which two nations' sectors of that city shared no border?
French & Soviet
Soviet & American
British & American
American & French
What political party did Strom Thurman represent in the 1948 presidential election?
States' Rights Party
Based on the map, which of the following states delivered the most electoral votes for Harry Truman in the 1948 presidential election?
Study the map. The Yalu River forms part of the border between which of the following two countries?
South Korea & North Korea
North Korea & Soviet Union
North Korea & China
China & Soviet Union
Based on the information on the map, who controlled the city of Seoul in January 1951?
United Nations forces
Based on the map of the Korean War, which of the following statements is correct?
The city of Pusan was under North Korean and South Korean control at different points in the war.
The city of Pusan was under North Korean control for only a brief period in 1951.
North Korean lost control of the city of Pusan very early on in the war and never regained it.
The city of Pusan was never under North Korean control at any point in the war.
Based on the map, which of the following was not a Warsaw Pact nation?
According to the chart, how much has the prices of a loaf of bread increased?
Which food item has had the smallest price increase?
Some Presidential Vetoes
Vetoes Overridden
Roosevelt, T.
Roosevelt, F.D.
Johnson, A.
(first term)
Bush, G.H.W.
Based on the information in the chart, which twentieth century president had more vetoes overridden than any other?
F. D. Roosevelt
Based on the time line, how many years after the United States detonated atomic bombs over Japan did the Soviet Union first test an atomic bomb?
After World War II, Germany's four zones were controlled by Britain, ____________________, the Soviet Union, and the United States.
The United States applied the Truman Doctrine to ____________________ and Turkey.
More than 3 million ____________________ moved to cities in the North and Midwest between 1940 and 1960.
When the war ended, Americans were ready to spend money after ____________________ it during the war years.
The National Security Act set up the Department of Defense, the National Security Council, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the ____________________.
The ______________________________ split off from the Democratic Party in 1948 and nominated Strom Thurmond for president.
Congress blocked most of President Truman's civil rights legislation, but he did manage to ____________________ the United States military.
One of the effects of the "baby boom" was that ____________________ left the workforce.
At the port of ____________________, General MacArthur made a brilliant counterattack on North Korea.
Truce talks began in Korea in 1951 and by the time they ended, ____________________ was president.
The HUAC investigation of Hollywood led to the jailing of a group of writers and directors known as the ____________________.
The Senate finally stood up to Senator McCarthy and voted to ____________________ him.
Berlin airlift
Joseph McCarthy
cut off Eastern Europe from West
gave economic aid to Europe
result of Berlin blockade
UN commander in Korea
Reds investigator
GI Bill of Rights
Joseph Welch
Warsaw Pact
opposed Joseph McCarthy
policy of containment
opposed NATO
Communist leader
put strain on education system
differing attitudes of old and young
William H. Whyte, Jr.
rebelled against middle class
Between which two years did the population increase most dramatically?
What was the approximate population in 1958?
Why do you think the population continued to grow during Israel's first 10 years?
Did the population of Israel decrease at all during its first 10 years?
Describe the population growth during these 10 years.
"There. You hear? There is another plane. And there's another. Our faith doesn't come from our hearts or our brain anymore. It comes though the ears."
–West Berlin taxi driver, 1948
This passage shows how what event affected this citizen of Berlin?
"Until this moment, Senator, I think I never really gauged your cruelty or your recklessness, . . . Have you left no sense of decency?"
–Joseph Welch, attorney for the U.S. Army, during televised
Army-McCarthy Hearings, 1954
Why might Welch's public confrontation of Senator McCarthy on nationwide television have had such a powerful effect?
Use the map of Europe after World War II to answer the following question. What neutral nation shared a border with a communist nation?
In the late 1950s, both the Soviet Union and the United States devoted huge amounts of resources to their developing space-exploration programs. Would this fact be a "cause" or an "effect" in the chart above?
What made Eisenhower's presidency so special?
What affects did the "baby boom" have on the educational system in America?
What happened after the Geneva summit?
What occurred between the United States and the Soviet Union in the 1950s?
Name three new products that the consumer society of the 1950s wanted to own.
Who attended the Yalta meeting, and what agreements were reached concerning Japan and Germany?
What was McCarthyism?
Which Americans benefited from the Fair Deal? How?
Why did President Truman order an invasion of North Korea, and what was the outcome?
What were three benefits of building the 40,000 miles of interstate highway?
How did the United States policy of containment contribute to the Red Scare?