(Redirected from Valleta)
This article is about the Maltese capital. For other uses, see Valletta (disambiguation).
Capital city and local council in South Eastern Region, Malta
Il-Belt Valletta
Capital city and local council
From top: Skyline, Saluting Battery, Lower Barrakka Gardens, St. John's Co-Cathedral and the city walls
Il-Belt
City Built By Gentlemen For Gentlemen
Map of the Maltese Archipelago with Valletta highlighted in red.
Coordinates: 35°53′54″N 14°30′45″E / 35.89833°N 14.51250°E / 35.89833; 14.51250Coordinates: 35°53′54″N 14°30′45″E / 35.89833°N 14.51250°E / 35.89833; 14.51250[1]
South Eastern Region
South Harbour District
Founded by
Jean de Parisot Valette
Alfred Zammit (PL)
• Capital city and local council
0.61 km2 (0.24 sq mi)
(Jan. 2019)
• Urban
Highest Record Population (1875): 25,275
Belti (m), Beltija (f), Beltin (pl) or Vallettan (m), Vallettana (f), Vallettani (pl)
St. Dominic
Day of festa
Cultural: i, vi
1980 (4th session)
Valletta (/vəˈlɛtə/, Maltese: il-Belt Valletta, Maltese pronunciation: [vɐˈlːɛtːɐ]) is the capital city of Malta. Located in the South Eastern Region of the main island, between Marsamxett Harbour to the west and the Grand Harbour to the east, its population in 2014 was 6,444,[4] while the metropolitan area around it has a population of 393,938.[2] Valletta is second only to Nicosia as the southernmost capital of Europe,[5] and at just 0.61 square kilometres (61 ha), it is the European Union's smallest capital city.[6][7]
Valletta's 16th-century buildings were constructed by the Knights Hospitaller. The city was named after Jean Parisot de Valette, who succeeded in defending the island from an Ottoman invasion during the Great Siege of Malta. The city is Baroque in character, with elements of Mannerist, Neo-Classical and Modern architecture, though the Second World War left major scars on the city, particularly the destruction of the Royal Opera House. The city was officially recognised as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1980.[8]
The city is noted for its fortifications, consisting of bastions, curtains and cavaliers, along with the beauty of its Baroque palaces, gardens and churches.
1.1 Order of Saint John
1.2 French occupation and British rule
1.3 Contemporary
2 Government
2.1 Local government
2.2 National government
4 Cityscape
4.1 Neighbourhoods
6.1 Saint James Cavalier
6.3 Carnival
6.4 Feasts
7 Twin towns – sister cities
9 Notable people
11 Cultural references
See also: Mount Sciberras and Sciberras Peninsula
Former mural at Is-Suq tal-Belt illustrating the city's construction
The peninsula was previously called Xagħret Mewwija (Mu' awiya – Meuia; named during the Arab period[9])[10][11] or Ħal Newwija.[12] Mewwija refers to a sheltered place.[13] The extreme end of the peninsula was known as Xebb ir-Ras (Sheb point), of which name origins from the lighthouse on site.[14][15] A family which surely owned land became known as Sceberras, now a Maltese surname as Sciberras.[16] At one point the entire peninsula became known as Sceberras.[15] (See also)
Historical affiliations
Order of Saint John 1566–1798
French Republic 1798–1800
Protectorate of Malta 1800–1813
Crown Colony of Malta 1813–1964
State of Malta 1964–1974
Republic of Malta 1974–present
Order of Saint John[edit]
The Ottoman army bombs the Knights' Three Cities from the peninsula of Sciberras during the 1565 Great Siege
The nave of Saint John's Co-Cathedral
Grandmaster's Palace
Valletta and the Grand Harbour around 1801
The building of a city on the Sciberras Peninsula had been proposed by the Order of Saint John as early as 1524.[17] Back then, the only building on the peninsula was a small watchtower[18] dedicated to Erasmus of Formia (Saint Elmo), which had been built in 1488.[19]
In 1552, the Aragonite watchtower was demolished and the larger Fort Saint Elmo was built in its place.[20]
In the Great Siege of 1565, Fort Saint Elmo fell to the Ottomans, but the Order eventually won the siege with the help of Sicilian reinforcements. The victorious Grand Master, Jean de Valette, immediately set out to build a new fortified city on the Sciberras Peninsula to fortify the Order's position in Malta and bind the Knights to the island. The city took his name and was called La Valletta.[21]
The Grand Master asked the European kings and princes for help, and he received a lot of assistance, due to the increased fame of the Order after their victory in the Great Siege. Pope Pius V sent his military architect, Francesco Laparelli, to design the new city, while Philip II of Spain sent substantial monetary aid. The foundation stone of the city was laid by Grand Master de Valette on 28 March 1566. He placed the first stone in what later became Our Lady of Victories Church.[22]
In his book Dell'Istoria della Sacra Religione et Illustrissima Militia di San Giovanni Gierosolimitano (English: The History of the Sacred Religion and Illustrious Militia of St John of Jerusalem), written between 1594 and 1602, Giacomo Bosio writes that when the cornerstone of Valletta was placed, a group of Maltese elders said: "Iegi zimen en fel wardia col sceber raba iesue uquie" (Which in modern Maltese reads, "Jiġi żmien li fil-Wardija [l-Għolja Sciberras] kull xiber raba' jiswa uqija", and in English, "There will come a time when every piece of land on Sciberras Hill will be worth its weight in gold").[23]
De Valette died from a stroke on 21 August 1568 at age 74 and never saw the completion of his city. Originally interred in the church of Our Lady of the Victories, his remains now rest in St. John's Co-Cathedral among the tombs of other Grand Masters of the Knights of Malta.[22]
Francesco Laparelli was the city's principal designer and his plan departed from medieval Maltese architecture, which exhibited irregular winding streets and alleys. He designed the new city on a rectangular grid plan, and without any collacchio (an area restricted for important buildings). The streets were designed to be wide and straight, beginning centrally from the City Gate and ending at Fort Saint Elmo (which was rebuilt) overlooking the Mediterranean; certain bastions were built 47 metres (154 ft) tall. His assistant was the Maltese architect Girolamo Cassar, who later oversaw the construction of the city himself after Laparelli's death in 1570.[22]
The Ufficio delle Case regulated the building of the city as a planning authority.[24]
The city of Valletta was mostly complete by the early 1570s, and it became the capital on 18 March 1571 when Grand Master Pierre de Monte moved from his seat at Fort St Angelo in Birgu to the Grandmaster's Palace in Valletta.
Turner's depiction of the Grand Harbour, National Museum of Fine Arts
Seven Auberges were built for the Order's Langues, and these were complete by the 1580s.[25][26] An eighth Auberge, Auberge de Bavière, was later added in the 18th century.[27]
In Antoine de Paule's reign, it was decided to build more fortifications to protect Valletta, and these were named the Floriana Lines after the architect who designed them, Pietro Paolo Floriani of Macerata.[28] During António Manoel de Vilhena's reign, a town began to form between the walls of Valletta and the Floriana Lines, and this evolved from a suburb of Valletta to Floriana, a town in its own right.[29]
In 1634, a gunpowder factory explosion killed 22 people in Valletta.[30] In 1749, Muslim slaves plotted to kill Grandmaster Pinto and take over Valletta, but the revolt was suppressed before it even started due to their plans leaking out to the Order.[31] Later on in his reign, Pinto embellished the city with Baroque architecture, and many important buildings such as Auberge de Castille were remodeled or completely rebuilt in the new architectural style.[32]
In 1775, during the reign of Ximenes, an unsuccessful revolt known as the Rising of the Priests occurred in which Fort Saint Elmo and Saint James Cavalier were captured by rebels, but the revolt was eventually suppressed.[33]
French occupation and British rule[edit]
Early morning in 1967 on the notorious Strait Street known to generations of British Servicemen (especially to sailors on shore leave) as "The Gut". Bars and bordellos abounded, and brawls were common. But its popularity never waned.
In 1798, the French invaded the island and expelled the Order.[34] After the Maltese rebelled, French troops continued to occupy Valletta and the surrounding harbor area, until they capitulated to the British in September 1800. In the early 19th century, the British Civil Commissioner, Henry Pigot, agreed to demolish the majority of the city's fortifications.[35] The demolition was again proposed in the 1870s and 1880s, but it was never carried out and the fortifications have survived largely intact.[17]
Eventually building projects in Valletta resumed under British rule. These projects included widening gates, demolishing and rebuilding structures, widening newer houses over the years, and installing civic projects. The Malta Railway, which linked Valletta to Mdina, was officially opened in 1883.[36] It was closed down in 1931 after buses became a popular means of transport.
In 1939, Valletta was abandoned as the headquarters of the Royal Navy Mediterranean Fleet due to its proximity to Italy and the city became a flash point during the subsequent two-year long Siege of Malta.[37] German and Italian air raids throughout the Second World War caused much destruction in Valletta and the rest of the harbor area. The Royal Opera House, constructed at the city entrance in the 19th century, was one of the buildings lost to the raids.[20]
Valletta harbour around 1850, photo by Calvert Jones
1853 King's Gate
Royal Opera House in 1911
Bomb damage in Valletta during the Second World War
Contemporary[edit]
In 1980, the 24th Chess Olympiad took place in Valletta.[38]
The entire city of Valletta has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1980, along with Megalithic Temples of Malta and the Hypogeum of Ħal-Saflieni.[8][39] On 11 November 2015 Valletta hosted the Valletta Summit on Migration in which European and African leaders discussed the European migrant crisis.[40] After that, on 27 November 2015 the city also hosted part of the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting 2015.[41]
Valletta was the European Capital of Culture in 2018.[42]
Renzo Piano's Valletta City Gate (2014)
Mediterranean Conference Centre, former Sacra Infermeria (2016)
Renovated Tritons' Fountain (2018)
Auberge d'Italie, renovated in 2016 to host the new MUŻA (Mużew Nazzjonali tal-Arti)
Renovated covered market Is-Suq tal-Belt, 2018
Government[edit]
Auberge de Castille at night
Renzo Piano's Parliament House
Local government[edit]
The Valletta Local Council was established by the Local Councils Act of 1993, along with the other local councils of Malta.[43] The first election was held on 20 November 1993. Other elections were held in 1996, 1999, 2002, 2005, 2008, 2013,[44] 2017.[45] The present local council was elected in 2019.[46] The local council is housed in a building in South Street.
The following people have served as Mayors of Valletta:[47]
Hector Bruno (1993–1999) (PN)
Paul Borg Olivier (1999–2008) (PN)
Alexei Dingli (2008–2019) (PN) [48]
Christian Micallef (2019) (PN) [49]
Alfred Zammit (2019-) (PL) [50]
National government[edit]
Valletta is the capital city of Malta,[51] and is the country's administrative and commercial hub.[52] The Parliament of Malta is housed at the Parliament House near the city's entrance since 2015, and it was previously housed at the Grandmaster's Palace in the city centre.[53] The latter palace still houses the Office of the President of Malta,[54] while Auberge de Castille houses the Office of the Prime Minister of Malta. The courthouse and many government departments are also located in Valletta.[55]
Satellite view of Valletta in the middle of its two harbours
The Valletta peninsula has two natural harbours, Marsamxett and the Grand Harbour.[39] The Grand Harbour is Malta's major port, with unloading quays at nearby Marsa. A cruise-liner terminal is located along the old seawall of the Valletta Waterfront that Portuguese Grandmaster Manuel Pinto da Fonseca built.[56]
Valletta features a hot-summer Mediterranean climate with hot, slightly long, dry summers and mild, wet winters, with an average temperature above 19 °C (66 °F). Valletta experiences a lack of precipitation during the summer months and most of the precipitation happens during the winter months. Winter temperatures are moderated by the surrounding sea, as a result, the city has very mild winters. The official climate recording station in Malta is at Luqa Airport, which is a few miles inland from Valletta. Average high temperatures range from around 16 °C (61 °F) in January to about 32 °C (90 °F) in August, while average low temperatures range from around 10 °C (50 °F) in January to 23 °C (73 °F) in August.
Climate data for Luqa Airport, Malta 1981–2010 (Records 1947–present)
Record high °C (°F)
Average high °C (°F)
Daily mean °C (°F)
Average low °C (°F)
Record low °C (°F)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
Average relative humidity (%)
Mean monthly sunshine hours
159.0 171.0 224.0 247.0 300.0 328.0 365.0 338.0 260.0 221.0 185.0 156.0 2,954
Source 1: Meteo Climate (1981-2010 Data),[57]
Source 2: German Meteorological Service (sunshine duration 1961-1990)[58] NSO Malta[59]
Cityscape[edit]
Lower Barrakka Gardens and its monument of remembrance.
The architecture of Valletta's streets and piazzas ranges from mid-16th century Baroque to Modernism. The city is the island's principal cultural center and has a unique collection of churches, palaces and museums and act as one of the city's main visitor attractions. When Benjamin Disraeli, future British Prime Minister, visited the city in 1830, he described it as "a city of palaces built by gentlemen for gentlemen," and remarked that "Valletta equals in its noble architecture, if it does not excel, any capital in Europe," and in other letters called it "comparable to Venice and Cádiz" and "full of palaces worthy of Palladio."[60][61]
Buildings of historic importance include St John's Co-Cathedral, formerly the Conventual Church of the Knights of Malta. It has the only signed work and largest painting by Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio.[62] The Auberge de Castille et Leon, formerly the official seat of the Knights of Malta of the Langue of Castille, Léon and Portugal, is now the office of the Prime Minister of Malta.[55] The Grandmaster's Palace, built between 1571 and 1574 and formerly the seat of the Grand Master of the Knights of Malta, used to house the Maltese Parliament, now situated in a purpose-built structure at the entrance to the city, and now houses the offices of the President of Malta.[63]
The National Museum of Fine Arts is a Rococo palace dating back to the late 1570s, which served as the official residence of the Commander-in-Chief of the Mediterranean Fleet during the British era from the 1820s onwards. The Manoel Theatre (Maltese: Teatru Manoel) was constructed in just ten months in 1731, by order of Grand Master António Manoel de Vilhena, and is one of the oldest working theatres in Europe. The Mediterranean Conference Centre was formerly the Sacra Infermeria. Built in 1574, it was one of Europe's most renowned hospitals during the Renaissance. The fortifications of the port, built by the Knights as a magnificent series of bastions, demi-bastions, cavaliers and curtains, approximately 100 metres (330 ft) high, all contribute to the unique architectural quality of the city.
Neighbourhoods[edit]
Peninsula view of Valletta in the foreground and Fort Saint Elmo at the front.
Valletta contains a number of unofficial neighbourhoods, including:[64]
Strada Rjali – the main thoroughfare, Triq ir-Repubblika
l-Arċipierku – an area close to the Sacra Infermeria. Its name possibly derives from archipelago since it contains a number of lanes which break up the area into many "islands" of houses, or from archi-borgo since the area is located just outside Fort Saint Elmo.[65]
il-Baviera – an area around the English Curtain, bounded by Old Bakery, Archbishop, Marsamxett and St. Sebastian Streets. It is named after Auberge de Bavière.[65]
il-Biċċerija – an area close to il-Baviera, named after the slaughterhouse which was formerly located there.[65]
il-Kamrata – an area close to the Sacra Infermeria. It is named after the Camerata, a spiritual retreat which was demolished in the 19th century and replaced by social housing.[65]
Deux Balles (Maltese: Duwi Balli) – an area close to il-Baviera. The name probably originates from the French occupation.[65]
il-Fossa – an area close to the Jews' Sally Port and Fort Saint Elmo. It is regarded as the worst maintained area of Valletta.[66]
Manderaggio (Maltese: il-Mandraġġ) – an area behind Manderaggio Curtain, bounded by St. Mark, St. Lucia, St. Patrick and Marsamxett Streets. This was meant to be a small harbour (mandracchio) but it was never completed, and a slum area developed instead. The slums were demolished in the 1950s and were rebuilt as housing estates.[65]
Aerial view showing the exterior and interior outlines of Valletta
Education[edit]
The Valletta Campus of the University of Malta is situated in the Old University Building. It serves as an extension of the Msida Campus, especially offering international masters programmes.[67]
A church school, "St. Albert the Great", is also situated in Valletta. The Headmaster is Alternattiva Demokratika politician Mario Mallia.[68][69]
Culture[edit]
Renzo Piano's Pjazza Teatru Rjal on the ruins of the Royal Opera House
Saint James Cavalier at night
Valletta has been designated European Capital of Culture for 2018.[70] The year was inaugurated with an event called Erba' Pjazez (Four Squares), with shows focused in 4 plazas in the city – Triton Square, St. George's Square, St. John's Square, and Castille Square – along with other shows in other points.[71] This was followed by the unveiling of a public art installation, Kif Jgħid il-Malti (Maltese Sayings), which featured a number of Maltese language proverb figured in gypsum, in order to engage linguistic heritage.[72][73]
Saint James Cavalier[edit]
Saint James Cavalier, originally a raised gun platform, was converted into a Centre of Creativity in the year 2000 as part of Malta's Millennium Project. It now houses a small theatre, a cinema, music rooms and art galleries. Various exhibitions are regularly held there. Since it was opened it has welcomed over a million visitors.[74]
The Valletta International Baroque Festival is held every year in January. Jazz music in Malta was introduced in the Strait Street area, frequented by Allied sailors during both world wars.[citation needed] Malta's Jazz Festival took place here. Strait Street is also known as The Gut. This area is undergoing a programme of regeneration. The city's dual band clubs are the "King's Own Band Club" (Maltese: L-Għaqda Mużikali King's Own) and "La Valette National Philharmonic Society" (Maltese: Is-Soċjetà Filarmonika Nazzjonali La Valette).[citation needed]
Carnival[edit]
Valletta is the scene of the Maltese Carnival, held in February leading up to Lent.[75] In 1823 the Valletta carnival was the scene of a human crush tragedy in which at least 110 boys perished.[76]
Feasts[edit]
The feast of Our Lady of Mount Carmel is celebrated on 16 July
Saint Paul's feast is celebrated on 10 February
Saint Dominic's feast is celebrated in Valletta on 4 August or before
The feast of Saint Augustine is celebrated on the third Sunday after Easter
The city's residents also conduct an annual procession in honour of St. Rita
Twin towns – sister cities[edit]
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Malta
Valletta is twinned with:[77]
Transport[edit]
Bus station at Valletta
Malta International Airport is 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) from the city in the town of Luqa. Malta's public transport system, which uses buses, operates mostly on routes to or from Valletta, with their central terminus just outside the city gate. Traffic within the city itself is restricted, with some principal roads being completely pedestrian areas. In 2006, a park and ride system was implemented in order to increase the availability of parking spaces in the city. People can leave their vehicles in a nearby Floriana car park and transfer to a van for the rest of the trip.
In 2007, a congestion pricing scheme was implemented to reduce long-term parking and traffic while promoting business in the city.[78][79] An ANPR-based automated system takes photos of vehicles as they enter and exit the charging zone and vehicle owners are billed according to the duration of their stay.[78]
Valletta is served by a fleet of electric taxis which transport riders from 10 points in Valletta to any destination in the city.[80]
Notable people[edit]
Main page: Category:People from Valletta
Valletta F.C. Association Football team and Futsal team
Valletta Lions RFC Rugby Football Union team
Valletta's Marsamxett Harbour a "Regatta" (Rowing) Team, which takes part in the annual traditional Regatta on Victory Day (8 September).
Valletta United W.P.C., a Water Polo Club hailing from Marsamxett side
Valletta V.C., a Volleyball club.
Marsamxett Boċċi, a ''Boċċi'' Club from Marsamxett, Valletta.
Valletta St. Paul's Boċċi, a ''Boċċi'' Club from L-Arċipierku side, Valletta.
Cultural references[edit]
The poems Valetta, Capital of Malta. and Strada St. Ursola.—Malta. by Letitia Elizabeth Landon were both published in Fisher's Drawing Room Scrap Book, 1837.
Several chapters of Thomas Pynchon's postmodern novel V. take place in the city of Valletta.
Much of Nicholas Rinaldi's novel The Jukebox Queen of Malta is set in Valletta.
Several chapters of Patrick O'Brian's novel Treason's Harbour, the 9th in his Aubrey-Maturin series, are set in Valletta.
A portion of Rick Riordan's novel The House of Hades is set in Valletta; here Jason Grace, Nico di Angelo, Piper McLean, Hazel Levesque and Frank Zhang reunite with their comrade Leo Valdez after Jason pilots their ship from the palace of Notus, god of the south wind, on the North African coast on a fast trip with Notus' storm spirits bound to the prow.
Parts of Steven Spielberg's Academy Award nominee film Munich were shot in Valletta.[81]
In the popular computer strategy game, Age of Empires III, Valletta and its surrounding areas are featured as the base of the main protagonist, Morgan Black, and is the setting for the first two levels of the game.
Valletta is the birthplace of comic book character Corto Maltese, created by Italian artist Hugo Pratt.
in Civilization V and Civilization VI Valletta is an independent City-State that players compete for influence over.
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^ Maitland, Robert (2014). Tourism in National Capitals and Global Change. Routledge. pp. 135–142. ISBN 9781317850076.
^ "Il-Palazz tal-Belt". Office of the President of Malta (in Maltese). Archived from the original on 26 September 2015.
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^ Guillaumier, Alfie (2005). Bliet u Rħula Maltin. 2. Klabb Kotba Maltin. p. 947. ISBN 99932-39-41-0.
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^ "LP21 – Valletta 'Citta Umilissima' Lapel Pin". Collectables – Our Products. Maltaexpo.com. Retrieved 30 November 2008.
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^ Gauci, Anisia (2011). "Regeneration of Jews Sally Port (Il-Fossa), Valletta". University of Malta. Archived from the original on 17 April 2016.
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Valletta.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Valletta.
Valletta Local Council
Valletta Living History
Valletta, Malta's capital city and UNESCO World Heritage Site
Design and construction (Jean de Valette
Francesco Laparelli
Girolamo Cassar)
Gunpowder factory explosion (1634)
Muslim slave revolt (1749)
Rising of the Priests (1775)
French blockade (1798–1800)
Carnival stampede (1823)
Sette Giugno (1919)
Valletta Treaty (1992)
CHOGM (2005)
25th European Film Awards (2012)
Valletta Summit on Migration (2015)
Streets and
Piazzas
Republic Street
Merchants Street
St George's Square
St John's Square
Fort St Elmo
Lascaris Battery
St James Cavalier
St John's Cavalier
Saluting Battery
Circumcision of Our Lord (Jesuits)
Nibbia Chapel
Our Lady of Damascus
Our Lady of Liesse
Our Lady of Pilar
St Anne chapel
St Anne church
St Barbara
St Catherine of Italy
St Catherine monastery
St Dominic (Porto Salvo)
St John's Co-Cathedral
St Mary of Jesus (ta' Ġieżu)
St Paul's Pro-Cathedral
St Roque
Auberge d'Allemagne
Auberge d'Aragon
Auberge d'Auvergne
Auberge de Bavière
Auberge de Castille
Auberge de France
Auberge d'Italie
Auberge de Provence
Banca Giuratale
Castellania
Courts of Justice building
Main Guard
Monte di Pietà
Admiralty House
Casa Rocca Piccola
Hostel de Verdelin
Messina Palace
Palazzo Correa
Palazzo Ferreria
Palazzo Parisio
Spinola Palace
Fortifications Interpretation Centre
Lascaris War Rooms
Malta Postal Museum
MUŻA
National Museum of Archaeology
National War Museum
Palace Armoury
Great Siege Monument
Les Gavroches
Monument to Sir Alexander Ball
Ponsonby's Column
Siege Bell War Memorial
Statue of António Manoel de Vilhena
Statue of Queen Victoria
Tritons' Fountain
Wignacourt Aqueduct fountains
Ġnien is-Sultan
Hastings Gardens
Lower Barrakka Gardens
Upper Barrakka Gardens
Barrakka Lift
Bibliotheca
Casa del Commun Tesoro
Forni della Signoria
La Borsa
Malta Stock Exchange
Manoel Theatre
Mediterranean Conference Centre (Sacra Infermeria)
Old University Building
St Elmo Bridge
Slaves' Prison
Is-Suq tal-Belt
Valletta F.C.
Valletta United W.P.C.
Valletta FC Futsal Club
Valletta Lions RFC
24th Chess Olympiad
Malta Grand Prix
Valletta International Baroque Festival
HMS Maori
Manderaggio
Destroyed, demolished, in ruins or relocated
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Mġarr
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Santa Luċija
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2 Also the seat of the European Union, see Institutional seats of the European Union and Brussels and the European Union
3 Spans the conventional boundary between Europe and Asia
4 Entirely in Western Asia but having socio-political connections with Europe
5 A city-state
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BNF: cb12009198f (data)
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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valletta&oldid=997658314"
Capitals in Europe
Local councils of Malta
Mediterranean port cities and towns in Malta
Populated places established in 1566
World Heritage Sites in Malta
Planned capitals
1566 establishments in Malta
CS1 Maltese-language sources (mt)
CS1 French-language sources (fr)
Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages
Use dmy dates from February 2020
Pages using infobox settlement with possible demonym list
Articles containing Maltese-language text