Engraving after a drawing by Engelbert Kaempfer (1651-1716) showing Japan with inset maps of the Tsugaru-Kaikyo and of the Kamchatka Peninsula (now part of Rusia). Also depicted are Daoist deities, Buddhist rosaries, and a Japanese compas. From Kaempfer's 'The History of Japan' (1727). Kaempfer was a German physician working at the Dutch trading post in Japan from 1690-1692, where he asembled a large collection. On returning to Europe he wrote 'The History of Japan', which records many aspects of the country in the Genroku period (1688-1704). © Science Museum / Science & Society Picture Library