COPD is more common in older adults, who already have a higher burden of morbidity and mortality from influenza infection. Individuals with preexisting respiratory diseases including asthma and COPD are among the groups identified as having a high risk for serious influenza-related complications. Pneumonia is one of the leading causes of neonatal respiratory distress, and is most commonly acquired at birth. Management of infection in cystic fibrosis is complex but plays a critical role in improving the survival of those with CF. Receiving appropriate antibiotic therapy in a timely manner is important, but clinicians must also consider potential antibiotic resistance in the hospital and surrounding community.