For example, for the first time, a few years ago, by simply collecting little fecal samples we were able to have them analyzed -- to have DNA profiling done -- so for the first time, we actually know which male chimps are the fathers of each individual infant.
比如，几年前，我们第一次 只需取粪便样本 就可以分析动物——比如检查DNA—— 所以，也是从那时起，我们才开始真正的知道 每只小黑猩猩的父亲是谁。