There's several definitions of what a punishment is, but one definition, the most popular, is: a punishment is a stimulus that reduces the immediately preceding behavior, such that it's less likely to occur in the future.
惩罚有几种定义， 但是最常见的一种定义是， 惩罚是能减少前面刚刚发生的行为的一种刺激， 使得未来减少这种行为发生的可能性。