The ties that used to bind the city together -- whether they were social, through coherent building, or economic, through trade in the souk, or religious, through the coexistent presence -- were all lost in the misguided and visionless modernization of the built environment.
De banden die de stad vroeger verbonden -- of ze nu sociaal waren, via coherente bebouwing, of economisch, via handel in de souk, of religieus, via coëxistentie -- ze gingen alle verloren in de misplaatste en visieloze modernisering van de gebouwde omgeving.