For example, any social history will reveal that mutilation and torture were routine forms of criminal punishment. The kind of infraction today that would give you a fine, in those days would result in your tongue being cut out, your ears being cut off, you being blinded, a hand being chopped off and so on.
例えば どんな社会でも 手足の切断や拷問は 刑罰として規定された形式でした 現在 違反行為に課せられるのは罰金ですが 当時は舌や耳を切られたり 目をつぶされたり 手を切断されたりしたのです