b'\n_START_ARTICLE_\nGenera\xc8\x9bia X\n_START_PARAGRAPH_\nGenera\xc8\x9bia X este o sintagm\xc4\x83 ce se refer\xc4\x83 la genera\xc8\x9bia persoanelor n\xc4\x83scute \xc3\xaen intervalul aproximativ 1961\xe2\x80\x931980 (grani\xc8\x9bele variaz\xc4\x83 de la o surs\xc4\x83 la alta; \xc3\xaen plus, exist\xc4\x83 decalaje \xc3\xaentre diferitele spa\xc8\x9bii geopolitice). Sintagma a fost folosit\xc4\x83 \xc3\xaen demografie, \xc8\x99tiin\xc8\x9be sociale, marketing \xc8\x99i frecvent pus\xc4\x83 \xc3\xaen leg\xc4\x83tur\xc4\x83 cu cultura de mas\xc4\x83.\n_START_SECTION_\nOriginea sintagmei\n_START_PARAGRAPH_\nPrima utilizare a sintagmei \xc3\xaei apar\xc8\x9bine istoricului de art\xc4\x83 american Paul Fussell. \xc3\x8en cartea sa, Class: A Guide Through the American Status System (1983), \xe2\x80\x9egenera\xc8\x9bia X\xe2\x80\x9d reprezint\xc4\x83 persoane care se retrag din societate, resping\xc3\xa2nd statutul oferit de aceasta (f\xc4\x83r\xc4\x83 a se identifica cu o genera\xc8\x9bie propriu-zis\xc4\x83). \xc3\x8en 1991, scriitorul Douglas Coupland preia sintagma \xc3\xaen romanul cu acela\xc8\x99i nume, extinz\xc3\xa2nd portretul f\xc4\x83cut de Fussell asupra unei \xc3\xaentregi genera\xc8\x9bii. Cartea, conceput\xc4\x83 ca o povestire \xc3\xaen ram\xc4\x83, prezint\xc4\x83 amintirile a trei str\xc4\x83ini de v\xc3\xa2rste apropiate, uni\xc8\x9bi de dorin\xc8\x9ba de a se distan\xc8\x9ba de societate pentru a-\xc8\x99i \xc3\xaen\xc8\x9belege mai bine menirea._NEWLINE_Sintagma fusese folosit\xc4\x83 anterior, dar cu o alt\xc4\x83 semnifica\xc8\x9bie. Astfel, \xc3\xaen Regatul Unit al anilor 1960, autorii Charles Hamblett \xc8\x99i Jane Deverson au adunat un num\xc4\x83r de interviuri cu tineri membri ai subculturii Mod \xc3\xaen cartea intitulat\xc4\x83 chiar Generation X (1965). Cei intervieva\xc8\x9bi aveau sub 25 de ani, prin urmare erau n\xc4\x83scu\xc8\x9bi \xc3\xaen anii 1940.\n_START_SECTION_\nContext\n_START_PARAGRAPH_\nConform c\xc4\x83r\xc8\x9bii Generations... (1991) de William Strauss \xc8\x99i Neil Howe, genera\xc8\x9bia X a fost precedat\xc4\x83 de genera\xc8\x9bia Baby Boomer (deceniile 5\xe2\x80\x937) \xc8\x99i urmat\xc4\x83 de genera\xc8\x9bia Y (\xc3\xaencep\xc3\xa2nd \xc3\xaen anii 1980 \xc8\x99i \xc3\xaencheindu-se \xc3\xaen anul 2000)._NEWLINE_Economistul canadian David Foot opereaz\xc4\x83 \xc3\xaen cartea sa, Boom, Bust and Echo... (1997), delimitarea a dou\xc4\x83 subdiviziuni ale intervalului acordat \xc3\xaen mod obi\xc8\x99nuit genera\xc8\x9biei X: prima jum\xc4\x83tate a anilor 1960 este \xc3\xaen opinia sa \xe2\x80\x9egenera\xc8\x9bia X\xe2\x80\x9d propriu-zis\xc4\x83, \xc3\xaen vreme ce intervalul 1966/7\xe2\x80\x931979 este \xe2\x80\x9egenera\xc8\x9bia Baby Buster\xe2\x80\x9d. Argumentul adus este c\xc4\x83 Baby Busters (pl.) s-au confruntat cu mai pu\xc8\x9bine probleme \xc3\xaen privinca angaj\xc4\x83rilor. Denumirea \xe2\x80\x9eBaby Buster\xe2\x80\x9d se opune cea de \xe2\x80\x9eBaby Boomer\xe2\x80\x9d: cea din urm\xc4\x83 sugereaz\xc4\x83 o perioad\xc4\x83 de cre\xc8\x99tere \xc3\xaensemnat\xc4\x83 a ratei natalit\xc4\x83\xc8\x9bii (\xc3\xaen special dup\xc4\x83 cel de Al doilea r\xc4\x83zboi mondial), \xc3\xaen vreme ce intervalul \xe2\x80\x9eBaby Buster\xe2\x80\x9d a cunoscut o natalitate vizibil mai sc\xc4\x83zut\xc4\x83.\n_START_SECTION_\nGenera\xc8\x9bia X \xc3\xaen lume\n_START_PARAGRAPH_\nDavid Foot observ\xc4\x83 c\xc4\x83 genera\xc8\x9bia X s-a desf\xc4\x83\xc8\x99urat mai devreme \xc3\xaen Canada (1958-1964) dec\xc3\xa2t \xc3\xaen Statele Unite ale Americii (1960-1966). Strauss and Howe numesc genera\xc8\x9bia X \xc8\x99i \xe2\x80\x9ea treisprezecea genera\xc8\x9bie\xe2\x80\x9d, anume a treisprezecea ce are ocazia s\xc4\x83 vad\xc4\x83 drapelul Statelor Unite ale Americii, de la Benjamin Franklin \xc3\xaencoace.\n_START_SECTION_\nEpoca pre-internet\n_START_PARAGRAPH_\nGenera\xc8\x9bia X, \xc3\xaen mijlocul vie\xc8\x9bii sale sociale, a c\xc4\x83zut \xc3\xaentr-o situa\xc8\x9bie \xc3\xaen care tehnologia a \xc3\xaenceput s\xc4\x83 se schimbe de mai multe ori \xc3\xaenaintea ochilor no\xc8\x99tri, provoc\xc3\xa2nd o explozie de transform\xc4\x83ri sociale. Aceast\xc4\x83 genera\xc8\x9bie cunoa\xc8\x99te via\xc8\x9ba dincolo de epoca Internetului. Ei pot compara \xc8\x99i \xc3\xaen\xc8\x9belege avantajele \xc8\x99i dezavantajele tehnologiei informa\xc8\x9biei \xc8\x99i ritmul schimb\xc4\x83rilor lor. "Niciodat\xc4\x83 din istorie nu va exista o astfel de genera\xc8\x9bie."\n_START_SECTION_\nStatele Unite ale Americii\n_START_PARAGRAPH_\nD.M. Gross \xc8\x99i S. Scott scriau \xc3\xaen 1990 despre americanii n\xc4\x83scu\xc8\x9bi \xc3\xaen genera\xc8\x9bia X, \xc3\xaentr-un articol publicat \xc3\xaen revista \xe2\x80\x9eTime\xe2\x80\x9d:_NEWLINE_\xe2\x80\x9eThey possess only a hazy sense of their own identity but a monumental preoccupation with all the problems the preceding generation will leave for them to fix (...) This is the twenty-something generation, those 48 million young Americans ages 18 through 29 who fall between the famous baby boomers and the boomlet of children the baby boomers are producing. Since today\'s young adults were born during a period when the U.S. birthrate decreased to half the level of its postwar peak, in the wake of the great baby boom, they are sometimes called the baby busters. By whatever name, so far they are an unsung generation, hardly recognized as a social force or even noticed much at all... By and large, the 18-to-29 group scornfully rejects the habits and values of the baby boomers, viewing that group as self-centered, fickle and impractical. While the baby boomers had a placid childhood in the 1950s, which helped inspire them to start their revolution, today\'s twenty-something generation grew up in a time of drugs, divorce and economic strain (...) They feel influenced and changed by the social problems they see as their inheritance: racial strife, homelessness, AIDS, fractured families and federal deficits\xe2\x80\x9d_NEWLINE_\xe2\x80\x94D.M. Gross \xc8\x99i S. Scott\n_START_SECTION_\nRom\xc3\xa2nia\n_START_PARAGRAPH_\nGenera\xc8\x9bia X \xc3\xaen Rom\xc3\xa2nia a ap\xc4\x83rut mai t\xc3\xa2rziu dec\xc3\xa2t \xc3\xaen Occident, \xc3\xaencep\xc3\xa2nd la finele anilor 1960, \xc8\x99i a durat p\xc3\xa2n\xc4\x83 \xc3\xaen primii ani optzeci. Limita superioar\xc4\x83 a intervalului indic\xc4\x83 ultimele promo\xc8\x9bii de elevi care s-au integrat \xc3\xaen organiza\xc8\x9bii de mas\xc4\x83 socialiste (cel pu\xc8\x9bin \xc8\x98oimii Patriei, \xc3\xaen cazul pre\xc8\x99colarilor, urmat\xc4\x83 de Consiliul Na\xc8\x9bional al Pionierilor din Rom\xc3\xa2nia \xc8\x99i Uniunea Tineretului Comunist \xe2\x80\x93 \xc3\xaen cea din urm\xc4\x83 au intrat cei n\xc4\x83scu\xc8\x9bi mai devreme de 1976).'