Yes, and there are also Constitutional rights we all have to protect us against unlawful detainment, etc. They don't give anyone the right to arrest and lock you up simply because they think that because of the color of your skin, you might be an illegal immigrant.  
But Arpaio did so much more. And he literally published calmly  bragged about his contempt of the court. 
Aside from all that, Trump didn't even go through the usual process to see why Arpaio was convicted of contempt; he just pardoned him then started lying about why he did it.