I lay the blame in two directions. First, governments seem to have entered the era of professional managers and have great mistrust in experts. I am quite sure that the government folks who wrote the specs that IBM responded to and who reviewed the proposals were not systems engineers. They were easily fooled by IBM's "trust us" proposal. Second, the managers assumed that training would occur by osmosis and made no effort to do serious training. When the dust settles on this some Deputy Ministers should certainly be for the high jump as well as several "professional managers" further down the line.