Ok, let's look at the word 'downtrodden' - as in the context of history. As a departure, did your tribe, if I may, fare better or worse in history, Diver Dan? Did it suffer the loss of 9 out of every 10 people - loss, meaning the deaths - because a boat sailed in and dropped off disease(s)? Or, a bit later, did a tribe, a country, come over and take away all the lands of your tribe? And then argued over paying for them... over a century later? 

Yes that country now gives Hawaiians foodstamps, Section 8, etc., just not all Hawaiians. Just those who qualify, same as those in any other tribe in the US with citizenship (most cases). So there ain't a lot of preference being given to downtrodden Hawaiians.

Except, yes, the school. Per the Supreme Court ruling, preferences that are racially based are illegal in school admissions. Even one set up to educate the poor and indigent children whose families were ravished by disease and change.