The same concept could be applied to the cruise ship industry, for those ships burning oil.

Charging these "carbon" fees could eventually apply to power plants, but there would problems or complications.  Not all nations do accounting in the same way as the US and Europe, so defining revenue would be problematic.  Plus the governments of these nations can manipulate revenue numbers with subsidies and currency values.  Then, some nations won't open their real books for audits.

No matter what, global economics will change drastically.  This carbon charges and credits concept is a zeo sum situation, a transfer of wealth.  A place like Hawaii will definitely suffer.