What is 1260?
{{Year nav|1260}} {{Year in various calendars|1260}} {{Year article header|1260}} == Events == === Europe === ==== War and politics ==== * [[September 4]] – The [[Siena|Sienese]] [[Ghibellines]], supported by the forces of King [[Manfred of Sicily]], defeats the [[Florence|Florentine]] [[Guelphs]] at [[battle of Montaperti|Montaperti]]. * King [[Otakar II of Bohemia]] captures [[Styria (duchy)|Styria]] from King [[Bela IV of Hungary]] in the [[Battle of Kressenbrunn]]. * The [[Balts|Baltic]] [[Zemaiciai|Samogitians]] and [[Curonians]] defeat the [[Teutonic knights]] in the [[Battle of Durbe]]. * The [[Duchy of Saxony]] is divided into [[Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg|Saxony-Lauenberg]] and [[Saxony-Wittenberg]], marking the end of the first Saxon state. * War breaks out in the [[Valais]] (today in [[Switzerland]]) as the [[Bishop of Sion|Bishopry of Sion]] defends against an invasion by the [[County of Savoy]]. ==== Culture ==== * [[October 24]] – The spectacular [[Cathedral of Chartres]] is dedicated in the presence of King [[Louis IX of France]]; the cathedral is now a [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site]]. * Construction on the [[Dunkeld Cathedral]] begins in [[Perthshire]], [[Scotland]]. * Construction begins on the [[cathedral]] at [[Meißen]]. * Construction begins on the cathedral at [[Schwerin]]. * [[Jacobus de Voragine]] compiles his work, the ''[[Golden Legend]]'', a late [[medieval]] best-seller. * [[Nicola Pisano]] sculpts the pulpit of the [[Pisa]] [[Campo dei Miracoli#The Baptistery|Baptistery]]. * [[Germany|German]] [[Music theory|musical theorist]] [[Franco of Cologne]] publishes ''Ars Cantus Mensurabilis'', in which he advances a new theory of musical notation in which the length of a musical note is denoted by the shape of that note, a system still used today. * The [[mosaic]] ''Christ between the Virgin and St Minias'' is made on the facade of [[Florence, Italy|Florence]]'s [[Basilica di San Miniato al Monte]]. * The advent of the Age of the Holy Spirit predicted by [[Joachim of Fiore]] according to his