What is John Heartfield?
[[File:Grab von John Heartfield.jpg|thumb|Grave of John Heartfield in [[Berlin]]]] '''John Heartfield''' (19 June 1891 in [[Berlin]] – 26 April 1968 in Berlin) is the [[English language|English version]] of the name of the [[Germany|German]] [[photomontage]] artist '''Helmut Herzfeld'''. He started to call himself ''Heartfield'' in 1916, to criticize the rabid [[nationalism]] and anti-[[United Kingdom|British]] sentiment in Germany during [[World War I]]. == Career == In 1918, Heartfield began at the [[Berlin]] [[Dada]] scene, and the [[Communist Party of Germany]]. He was thrown out of the [[Reichswehr]] film service because he supported the [[Strike action|strike]] after the assassination of [[Karl Liebknecht]] and [[Rosa Luxemburg]]. With [[George Grosz]], he founded ''[[Die Pleite]]'', a satirical magazine. Heartfield started to work for two [[communist]] publications: the daily [[Die Rote Fahne]] (''The Red Flag'')and the weekly [[Arbeiter-Illustrierte-Zeitung]] (AIZ)(''Workers' Illustrated Newspaper''). AIZ published Heartfield's most famous work<ref>Brigstocke, 2001, p. 334</ref> In 1933, after the [[National Socialist German Workers Party|National Socialists]] came to power in Germany, Heartfield moved to [[Czechoslovakia]], where he continued his photomontage work for the ''AIZ'' (which was published in exile); in 1938, the Nazis were preparing to invade Czechoslovakia, so he moved to [[England]], and lived in [[Hampstead]], [[London]]. After [[World War II]] he settled in [[East Germany]], after 1954 he lived in [[East Berlin]] and worked closely with theatre directors such as [[Benno Besson]] and [[Wolfgang Langhoff]] at [[Berliner Ensemble]] and [[Deutsches Theater]]. In 2005, [[Tate Britain]] held an exhibition of his photomontage pieces. == Works == His photomontages satirising [[Adolf Hitler]] and the Nazis often used [[Nazi symbolism|Nazi symbols]] such as the [[swastika]] to change their [[propaganda]] message. One of his more famous pieces, made in 1935 entitled ''Hurrah, die Butter ist All