What is Philippe Pinel?
'''Philippe Pinel''' was a [[France|French]] [[Physician|doctor]] who is known as the father of [[Psychiatry]]. == Early Life and Career == Pinel was born in Southern France in 1745. He studied at the University of Toulouse before becoming a doctor in in 1778. He then moved to [[Paris]] and spent the next fifteen years working as a translator. In 1784, he started editing La Gazette de Santé, a magazine about medicine. Then a friend of his killed himself so Pinel wanted to understand [[Madness]]. He got a job at a [[Mental hospital]] where he worked for five years. After the [[French Revolution]], he was put in charge of the [[Bicetre Hospital]] == Bicetre == Pinel wanted to help the 200 patients who were [[Madness|insane]] so he talked to his boss [[Jean-Baptiste Pussin]]. Together they came up with ways to treat [[Madness|mental illness]] that didn’t use [[violence]] and which was based mostly on [[therapy]]. At the time, the [[Mental illness|mentally ill]] were chained to the walls but Pinel and Pussin got rid of the chains. Pinel also made sure to talk to every patient to understand their history and what their problems were. == Four Types of Mental Disorder == Pinel said there were four different kinds of [[Mental disorder|madness]]. The first was called [[melancholia]] which Pinel said meant either [[Narcissism]] or [[Depression (mental illness)|Depression.]] The second was called [[Antisocial personality disorder|Madness without Delirium]]. Pinel said that meant that a person who looked and acted like a completely normal person who was [https://wiktionary.org/sanity sane] would still do very violent things without any [[remorse]]. (This would later be renamed [[Psychopathy]].) The third was [[Dementia]] which Pinel said not being able to get new memories. The fourth was called Idiotism, it meant not being able to think and usually also being bad at speaking and feeling very strong emotions completely randomly. == Influence == Pinel made the idea that [[Madness]] was actually [[Mental illness]]