What is COX-2 inhibitors?
'''COX-2 inhibitors''' are a special type of [[analgesic]]. [[Cyclooxygenase]] (commonly abbreviated as COX) is an [[enzyme]] that has an important role in starting an [[inflammation]] and [[pain]]. There are many different types of COX; the most common are known as COX-1 and COX-2. [[Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug|NSAIDs]] work by blocking COX. The problem with blocking all COX is that COX-1 is also used to regulate [[kidney]] function. Blocking COX-1 runs the risk of [[bleeding]] of the [[stomach]], and reduction of the [[kidney]] function. COX-2 inhibitors only block COX-2, and do not have an effect on COX-1.. Clinical studies have shown that they increase the risk of a [[Myocardial infarction|heart attack]], and of a [[stroke]]. Several COX-2 inhibitors have been taken off the market, because of these side-effects. Other than as an analgesic, COX-2 inhibitors have also been used in the treatment of cancer, and of some neurological conditions, such as [[Depression (mental illness)|depression]], and [[schizophrenia]]. Because of the severe side-effects, COX-2 inhibitors are usually only available with a [[prescription]]. [[Category:Analgesics]]