What is Grignard reaction?
{{simple|date=March 2024}} [[File:Grignard reaction experiment 07.jpg|thumb|right|A solution of a [[carbonyl]] compound is added to a Grignard reagent. (See [[#Gallery|gallery below]])]] The '''Grignard reaction''' (pronounced {{IPA|/ɡriɲar/}}) is a [[chemical reaction]] (in the field of [[chemistry]], or [[organometallic chemistry]]). The reaction forms new bonds between [[carbon]] atoms by using chemicals called '''Grignard reagents'''.<ref>{{citation | last = Shirley | first=D.A. |year=1954 | title = The Synthesis of Ketones from Acid Halides and Organometallic Compounds of Magnesium, Zinc, and Cadmium | journal = Org. React | volume = 8 | pages = 28–58 }}</ref><ref>{{citation | last = Huryn | first = D. M. | title = Carbanions of Alkali and Alkaline Earth Cations: (Ii) Selectivity of Carbonyl Addition Reactions | year = 1991 | journal = Comp. Org. Syn | volume = 1 | pages = 49–75 | doi = 10.1016/B978-0-08-052349-1.00002-0 | isbn = 9780080523491 }}</ref> The ''Grignard reaction'' is a [[name reaction]]<!-- in [[organometallic chemistry]]-->. They are named after [[François Auguste Victor Grignard]], who won the 1912 [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]] for his discovery of this reaction. == Overview == A Grignard reagent has a central [[magnesium]] atom which is bonded to an [[organic chemistry|organic]] group and a [[halogen]] atom, usually [[chlorine]] or [[bromine]]. These [[reagent]]s are [[equivalent (chemistry)|equivalent]]s of [[carbanion]]s, where [[carbon]] has extra [[electron]]s, making them very strong [[nucleophile]]s.<ref>{{Citation | author = [[Victor Grignard|Grignard, V.]] | title = Sur quelques nouvelles combinaisons organométaliques du magnésium et leur application à des synthèses d'alcools et d'hydrocabures | journal = Compt. Rend. | year=1900 | volume = 130 | pages = 1322–1325 | url = http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k3086n/f1322.table}}</ref> ==Other information== Grignard reactions are not truly [[ionic bond|ionic]], and no real carbanion is formed; the carbanion is a typ