What is Organic chemistry?
'''Organic chemistry''' is the study of [[chemical compounds]] that contain [[carbon]]. Carbon has the ability to form a [[chemical bond]] with a wide variety of [[chemical elements]] and other carbon [[atoms]]. This allows a nearly unlimited number of combinations, called [[organic compound]]s. The subject of carbon compounds is called organic chemistry because all known [[organisms]], or living things, are made up of water and carbon compounds. Organic chemistry largely involves the synthesis, or formation, of organic products by [[chemical reaction]] using different reactants and reagents, the substances used up during a reaction. Several different areas of [[chemistry]] expand on the concepts and principles of organic chemistry, including [[biochemistry]], [[microbiology]], [[organometallic chemistry]] and [[medicine]]. == History == The term organic originates from [[Jons Jacob Berzelius]], a [[19th century]] Swedish scientist, who used the term to refer to [[substance]]s present in [[living thing]]s. During Berzelius’ time, the vital force theory was popular. This theory stated that a ''life force'' was needed to produce the organic compounds found only in living things. The vital force theory began losing support after an 1828 experiment conducted by [[Friedrich Wöhler]]. His work showed that [[urea]], an organic compound, could be created from [[ammonium cyanate]], an inorganic compound. == Hydrocarbons == {{Main|Hydrocarbons}} The study of [[hydrocarbons]] is a very large part of organic chemistry. Hydrocarbons are [[molecules]] containing only the elements carbon and hydrogen in the form of chains. Hydrocarbons can be classified into two categories based on the presence of a [[benzene]] ring, a circular type of hydrocarbon. Aliphatic hydrocarbons do not contain a benzene ring and aromatic hydrocarbons do.<ref>Georgia State University, ''Hydrocarbons'', http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/organic/hydrocarbon.html</ref> ==Reactions== Organic chemistry reactions happen because electrons are no