What is Mortier de 12 Gribeauval?
{{Infobox Weapon |name= Mortier de 12 pouces Gribeauval |image= Gribeauval 12 inches mortar April 1789.jpg |caption= 12-inche mortar (Mortier de 12 pouces Gribeauval) with cylindrical chamber, 1789, [[Les Invalides]]. |origin= France |type= <!-- Type selection --> |is_ranged= |is_bladed= |is_explosive= |is_artillery=yes |is_vehicle= |is_missile= |is_UK= <!-- Service history --> |service= |used_by= {{flag|France}} |wars= [[French Revolutionary Wars]]<br>[[Napoleonic Wars]]<br>[[American War of Independence]] <!-- Production history --> |designer= [[Jean Baptiste Vaquette de Gribeauval]] |design_date= |manufacturer= Berenger |unit_cost= |production_date= April 1789 |number= |variants= <!-- General specifications --> |spec_label= |weight= 1,540 kg |length= |part_length= 81 cm |width= |height= |diameter= |crew= 15 crews, 6 horses <!-- Ranged weapon specifications --> |cartridge= |caliber= 12 [[French_units_of_measurement#Length|pouce (French inches)]] = 324.8 mm |barrels= 1, cylindrical chamber, [[brass]] |action= |rate= |velocity= |range= |max_range= |feed= |sights= <!-- Artillery specifications --> |breech= |recoil= |carriage= |elevation= |traverse= }} The '''Mortier de 12 pouces Gribeauval''' (Gribeauval 12-inch mortar) was a French [[mortar (weapon)|mortar]]. It was made using the [[Gribeauval system]] developed by [[Jean Baptiste Vaquette de Gribeauval]]. It was part of the [[siege]] [[artillery]]. The measurement of the mortar is given by the [[diameter]] of the ball. It is measured using the French ancient system of measurement, in which 1 pouce (1 inch) is equal to 2.707&nbsp;cm. The Gribeauval system was a new way of making artillery as a single piece of metal and then drilling a bore hole. This meant they could be made much lighter and more accurate. The Mortier de 12 pouces Gribeauval was first used during the [[American Revolutionary War]] from 1780-82. It was used during the Siege of [[Yorktown]] in 1781. It was later used in by the French army during the wars that foll