What is Müllerian agenesis?
'''Müllerian agenesis''' is a rare [[birth defect]]. It is also called '''Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome''' or '''MRKH'''. People with the syndrome are born without [[vagina]]s, [[cervix]]es, and [[womb]]s. It occurs in about 1 in 4,500 to 5,000 female births. Women with MRKH syndrome have normal external genitalia and normal secondary sexual characteristics, but they are unable to be pregnant because they do not have an uterus. The cause is unknown. It probably is a genetic disorder that occurs during fetal development. There is no cure for MRKH syndrome, but treatment options, such as hormone therapy and surgery, can help women manage the condition. == Causes of Mullerian agenesis == The cause of MRKH syndrome is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. There is no known way to prevent it. It is not inherited in a predictable pattern, so it is not caused by any specific genetic mutation. Some studies suggest that it may be caused by a disruption in the development of the Müllerian ducts (the tubes in the embryo that give rise to the uterus and upper vagina). Other possible contributing factors may include exposure to certain medications or chemicals during pregnancy or hormonal imbalances. MRKH syndrome is a rare condition, affecting only about 1 in every 4,500 to 5,000 female infants. == Features of Mullerian agenesis == # Absence of uterus and cervix: This is known as Mullerian agenesis or Mullerian hypoplasia. # Normal external genitalia: Despite the absence of the uterus and cervix, individuals with MRKH syndrome have normal external genitalia, including a vagina, vulva, and labia. # Amenorrhea: Individuals with MRKH syndrome do not have menstrual periods due to the absence of the uterus. This is called amenorrhea. # Infertility: As a result of the absence of the uterus, individuals with MRKH syndrome are unable to carry a pregnancy. # Normal development of secondary sexual characteristics: Despite the absence of reproductive organs, individuals with MRKH syndrom