What is July 31?
{{calendar}} {{day}} == Events == === Up to 1900 === * [[781]] &ndash; The oldest recorded eruption of [[Mt. Fuji]] (Traditional [[Japanese calendar|Japanese date]]: July 6, 781) * [[904]] &ndash; [[Thessaloniki]] falls to the [[Arab]]s, who destroy the city. * [[1009]] &ndash; [[Pietro Boccapecora]] becomes [[Pope Sergius IV]] * [[1423]] &ndash; [[Hundred Years' War]]: [[Battle of Cravant]] – The [[France|French]] army is defeated at [[Cravant]] on the banks of the river [[Yonne]]. * [[1492]] &ndash; [[Judaism|Jews]] are expelled from [[Spain]], when the [[Alhambra Decree]] takes effect. * [[1498]] &ndash; On his third voyage to the [[Western Hemisphere]], [[Christopher Columbus]] becomes the first European to land on the island of [[Trinidad]]. * [[1588]] &ndash; The [[Spanish Armada]] is spotted off the coast of [[England]]. * [[1655]] &ndash; [[Russo-Polish War (1654–67)|Russo-Polish War of 1654 to 1667]]: The [[Russia]]n [[army]] enters the [[Lithuania]]n capital [[Vilnius]]. * [[1658]] &ndash; [[Aurangzeb]] is proclaimed Mughal Emperor of [[India]]. * [[1667]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of Breda]] ends the [[Second Anglo-Dutch War]]. The Dutch colony of [[New Amsterdam]] gets tranferred to British control, being renamed [[New York (state)|New York]]. The Dutch get the previously British colony in present–day [[Suriname]]. * [[1703]] &ndash; [[Daniel Defoe]] is placed in a [[pillory]] for the crime of seditious [[libel]] after publishing a politically satirical [[pamphlet]], but is pelted with flowers. * [[1712]] &ndash; [[Great Northern War]]: Danish and Swedish ships clash in the [[Baltic Sea]], with an inconclusive result. * [[1715]] &ndash; An 11–[[ship]] Spanish [[treasure]] fleet is lost in a [[hurricane]] between the [[Florida Keys]] and [[Havana]], [[Cuba]], killing at least 1,000 people. * [[1741]] &ndash; [[Charles Albert of Bavaria]] invades [[Upper Austria]] and [[Bohemia]]. * [[1763]] &ndash; [[Pontiac's War]]: The Odawa Chief [[Pontiac]]'s forces defeat British troops at the [[Battle of Bloody Run]].