What is Variations (music)?
In music, the word variation is to play a piece of music and change the notes or add parts into it but also making it sound like the piece of music in another way. Many composers wrote pieces which are examples of theme and variation. Sometimes the theme is one they made up, at other times they took a theme that another composer had already written and then made variations on it. There are lots of ways of varying a tune, and each variation will change it in a different way. A variation may play the tune much faster or much slower, it may change the tune by adding extra [[note (music)|sharps and flats]] or other ornamental notes, or by playing the tune in [[octave|octaves]]. It may change the [[harmony]] or the [[rhythm]] or use different instruments. It may combine the tune in different parts ([[counterpoint]]). == History in music == Composers have used variations in music for centuries. In the [[Renaissance music|Renaissance]] and [[Baroque music|Baroque]] periods composers wrote variations on a short tune in the bass which was repeated again and again. This was called a [[ground bass]] or sometimes it was a [[passacaglia]] or [[chaconne]]. Renaissance composers also liked writing what they called “divisions”. This meant varying a tune by playing it, for example, at twice the speed or half the speed etc. so that crotchets (quarter notes) became minims (half notes) or quavers (eighth notes). [[George Frideric Handel]] wrote a famous set of variations for [[harpsichord]] called ''Harmonious Blacksmith'', and [[Johann Sebastian Bach]] wrote the ''Goldberg Variations'', which was a set of 30 variations: a very long piece of music. It was written for a man who found it difficult to sleep at night, so he would ask his harpsichord player, whose name was Goldberg, to play to him. Many composers from the [[Classical music period|Classical]], [[Romantic music|Romantic]] and [[20th century classical music]] periods wrote sets of variations. [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] wrote several, one of which was based on