What is Garry Kasparov?
{{Infobox chess player |playername = Garry Kasparov |image = Garry Kasparov (37759216686).jpg |caption= Garry Kasparov, 2017 |name = Gary Kasparov<br />({{lang|ru|Гарри Кимович Каспаров}}) |country = [[USSR]]<br />[[Russia]]<br/ >[[Croatia]] (since 2014) <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/feb/28/chess-champion-garry-kasparov-croatian-citizenship|title=Chess champion Garry Kasparov granted Croatian citizenship|first=Maddy|last=French|date=28 February 2014|publisher=|via=www.theguardian.com}}</ref> |datebirth = {{birth date and age|1963|4|13|df=y}} |placebirth = [[Baku]], [[Azerbaijan]] Soviet Socialist Republic, [[Soviet Union]] |title = [[Grandmaster (chess)|Grandmaster]] |career = 1976-2005 |worldchampion = 1985–1993 (undisputed)<br />1993–2000 (Classical) |womensworldchampion = |rating = 2812 |peakrating = 2851 (July 1999) }} '''Garry Kasparov''' (born 13 April 1963 in [[Baku]], [[Azerbaijan]]) is a [[Russia]]n [[chess]] [[Grandmaster (chess)|grandmaster]] and [[political]] activist. He was born with the name ''Garry Weinstein'', and is partly of [[Jewish]] descent.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kasparov.ru/note.php?id=44993207033D9|title=Гарри Каспаров Справки - Каспаров.Ru|website=www.kasparov.ru}}</ref> He was the [[List of World Chess Champions|World Chess Champion]] from 1985 to 2000. In 1993 he broke away from [[FIDE]] to make a rival organisation (the PCA), because he felt FIDE had failed to raise enough money for world title matches. There is [[wikt:controversy|controversy]] about that period. By any measure, he is one of the greatest chess players of all time. He was the highest-rated player even after his retirement until [[Magnus Carlsen]] took him over.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ratings.fide.com/id.phtml?event=4100018|title=FIDE Chess ratings|website=ratings.fide.com|access-date=2013-01-04|archive-date=2010-10-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101026061057/http://ratings.fide.com/id.phtml?event=4100018|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chessmetr