What is Greco–Persian wars?
{{Infobox military conflict |conflict=The Greco-Persian Wars |image=Greek-Persian duel.jpg |caption=Greek [[hoplite]] and Persian warrior depicted fighting, on an ancient [[Kylix (drinking cup)|kylix]], 5th century BC |date=502–449 BC{{cref|i}} |result= Greek victory<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Greco-Persian-Wars|title=Greco-Persian Wars &#124; Definition, Summary, Facts, Effects, & History|website=Encyclopedia Britannica}}</ref> |territory= Macedon, Thrace and Ionia gain independence from Persia |place=Mainland [[Greece]], [[Thrace]], [[Aegean Islands]], [[Asia Minor]], [[Cyprus]] and [[Ancient Egypt|Egypt]] |combatant1=Greek city states including [[Classical Athens|Athens]] and [[Sparta]] |combatant2=[[Achaemenid Empire]] of Persia<br />[[Macedon]] (initial phase) |commander1=[[Miltiades the Younger|Miltiades]]<br />[[Themistocles]]<br />[[Leonidas I]] †<br />[[Pausanias (general)|Pausanias]]<br />[[Cimon]] †<br />[[Pericles]] |commander2=[[Artaphernes]]<br />[[Datis]]<br />[[Artaphernes (son of Artaphernes)]]<br />[[Xerxes I]]<br /> [[Mardonius]] †<br />[[Hydarnes]]<br />[[Artabazus]]<br />[[Megabyzus]]}} [[File:Map Greco-Persian Wars-en.svg|thumb|400px|right|A map of almost all the parts of the [[Ancient Greece|Greek world]] that took part in the Greco-Persian Wars]] The '''Greco–Persian Wars''' were a series of wars fought between [[Classical Greece]] and [[Persia]]'s [[Achaemenid Empire]] in the 5th century BC. The struggle lasted 50 years, from 499–449. [[Herodotus]] wrote a history of the war. Fifty years before the war started, [[Cyrus the Great]] had conquered the Greek colonies on the western coast of [[Asia Minor]], an area the Greeks called [[Ionia]]. The Persians put a [[tyrant]] in charge of each city or [[polis]]. About 530 BC Cyrus died in battle. [[Aristagoras]], the [[Tyrant]] of [[Miletus]] was on an expedition to conquer the island of [[Naxos]] with Persian support,<ref>{{cite book|last=Ehrenberg|first=Victor|title=From Solon to Socrates: Greek History and Civ