What is Humberto Maturana?
[[File:Humberto Maturana.jpg|thumb|right|Humberto Maturana, 2013.]] '''Humberto Maturana''' (September 14, 1928 &ndash; May 6, 2021) was a [[Chile]]an [[biologist]] and [[philosopher]]. He was one of the second-wave [[systems science|systems scientists]] and [[cybernetics|cyberneticians]].<ref name=Ramage> Ramage, Magnus & Shipp, Karen 2012. ''Systems thinkers''</ref> Maturana was born in [[Santiago]], [[Chile]]. Maturana, with [[Francisco Varela]], was known for creating the term [[autopoiesis]] about the nature of [[life]].<ref>Maturana H. & Valera F. 1980. ''Autopoiesis and cognition: the realization of the living''. Boston: Reidel.</ref> His work has been influential in many fields, mainly the field of systems thinking and cybernetics. Overall, his work is concerned with the [[biology]] of [[cognition]]. Maturana died on May 6, 2021 in Santiago from [[pneumonia]] at the age of 92.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-05-06|title=A los 92 años muere el destacado biólogo y escritor chileno Humberto Maturana|url=https://www.24horas.cl/nacional/muere-humberto-maturana-quien-era-el-destacado-biologo-y-escritor-chileno-4768380|access-date=2021-05-06|website=24Horas.cl|language=es}}</ref> ==Publications== Books, a selection: * 1980. ''Autopoiesis and cognition: the realization of the living'', with Francisco Varela. Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science. * 1984. ''The tree of knowledge: biological basis of human understanding'', with Francisco Varela. Revised edition 1992. * 1990. ''Biology of cognition and epistemology''. Universidad de la Frontera. Temuco, Chile. * 1992 ''Conversations with Humberto Maturana: questions to biologist psychotherapist'', with K. Ludewig. Universidad de la Frontera. Temuco, Chile. * 1994. ''Reflections and conversations'', with Kurt Ludewig. Collection Family Institute. FUPALI Ed. Cordova. * 1994. ''Democracy is a work of art''. Collection Roundtable. Linotype Ed Bogota Bolivar y Cia. * 1997 ''Objectivity: an argument to force''. Santiago de Chile: Dolmen. * 1997 ''Machines and living