What is Selim I?
[[File:Paolo Veronese (Nachfolger) - Sultan Selim I. - 2240 - Bavarian State Painting Collections.jpg|thumb|Portrait of Selim I]] '''Selim I''' (10 October 1470 – 22 September 1520), also known as '''Selim The Grim''' or '''Selim the Resolute''', was the 9th [[Sultan]] and the 1st [[caliph]] of the [[Ottoman Empire]]. He is known for his conquest of the [[Mamluk Sultanate]], which made him caliph, and also for being the father of [[Suleiman the Magnificent]]. He is also known for crushing the power of the [[Safavid Iran|Safavids]] in the [[Battle of Chaldiran]]. He ruled between 1512 and 1520. == Early life == Selim was born on October 20, 1470, and was the youngest son of Bayezid II. Most historians believed that Ayşe Hatun was his wife.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Famous People - celebrity and historical|url=http://www.famouspeople.com/|access-date=2022-09-11|website=www.famouspeople.com}}</ref> == Run to throne == Selim killed his 7 brothers and their 5 sons to capture the throne. He left his son [[Suleiman the Magnificent|Suleiman]] as the only [[heir]]. == Sultan and wars == Selim’s ambitions circled through [[Europe]] and [[Asia]]. Bayezid had left the Europeans relatively quiet and so the new King first turned to the east and picked the [[Safavid Empire|Safavids]] of [[Iran]] as his first victims.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ottoman Empire - Selim I {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Ottoman-Empire/Selim-I|access-date=2022-03-07|website=www.britannica.com|language=en}}</ref> The relationship between the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottomans]] and the [[Mamluk Sultanate|Mamluks]] was hostile. Both states fought for control of the spice trade, and Selim dreamed of eventually taking control of the Holy Cities of [[Islam]]. He crushed the [[Safavid Iran|Safavid]] Iranian Empire and took control of what is now [[Armenia]], [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]], [[Chechnya]], [[Dagestan]] and [[Azerbaijan]]. He then defeated and crushed the [[Mamluk Sultanate|Mamluks]] and took control of the holy [[Islam|Islamic]] cities o