What is July 27?
{{calendar}} {{day}} == Events == === Up to 1900 === * [[1054]] &ndash; [[Siward, Earl of Northumbria]] invades [[Scotland]] and defeats [[Macbeth]], somewhere North of the [[Firth of Forth]]. * [[1202]] &ndash; [[Georgian-Seljuk Wars]]: At the [[Battle of Basian]], the [[Georgia (country)|Kingdom of Georgia]] defeats the [[Sultan]]ate of Rum. * [[1214]] &ndash; [[Battle of Bouvines]]: [[Philip II of France]] decisively defeats [[Holy Roman Empire|Imperial]], [[England|English]] and [[Flanders|Flemish]] armies. * [[1299]] &ndash; According to [[Edward Gibbon]], [[Osman I]] invades the [[territory]] of [[Nicomedia]] for the first time, usually considered to be the founding date of the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman State]]. * [[1302]] &ndash; [[Battle of Bopheus]]: [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] victory over the [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantines]], opening up [[Bahynia]] for Turkish conquest. * [[1549]] &ndash; [[Jesuit]] [[priest]] [[Francis Xavier]]'s [[ship]] reaches [[Japan]]. * [[1663]] &ndash; The English [[Parliament]] passes the Second Navigation Act, requiring that all goods bound for American colonies have to be sent in [[England|English]] [[ship]]s from English ports. * [[1689]] &ndash; The [[Jacobite]] Army defeats [[Government]] forces in the [[Battle of Killiecrankie]]. * [[1694]] &ndash; A Royal [[Charter]] is granted to the [[Bank of England]]. * [[1778]] &ndash; [[American Revolution]]: [[First Battle of Usant]] – British and French fleets fight to a stand–off. * [[1789]] &ndash; The United States Department of Foreign Affairs is founded, later being renamed the [[United States Department of State]]. * [[1793]] &ndash; [[Maximilien Robespierre]] takes control of the 'Committee of Public Safety'. * [[1794]] &ndash; [[Maximilien Robespierre]] is arrested after encouraging the [[execution]] of more than 17,000 'Enemies of the Revolution'. * [[1830]] &ndash; The [[July]] Revolution in [[France]] against King [[Charles II of France]]. * [[1862]] &ndash; Sailing from [[San Francisco]] to [[Panama City]], the SS ''Go