What is Israel Gelfand?
{{distinguish|Boris Gelfand}} {{Infobox scientist | name = Israïl Moiseevich Gelfand | image = Izrail Gel'Fand.jpg | birth_date = {{birth date|1913|09|02}} | birth_place = [[Russian Empire]] | nationality = [[Soviet Union]]<br>[[Russia]]n | death_date = {{death date and age|2009|10|05|1913|09|02}} | death_place = [[New Brunswick, New Jersey|New Brunswick]], [[New Jersey]], [[United States]] | field = [[Mathematician]] | work_institution = [[Moscow State University]]<br>[[Rutgers University]] | alma_mater = [[Moscow State University]] | doctoral_advisor = [[Andrey Kolmogorov]] | doctoral_students = Georgy Adelson-Velsky<br>Felix Berezin<br>Joseph Bernstein<br>Victor Ginzburg <br>Alexander Goncharov<br>Tanya Khovanova<br>Alexandre Kirillov<br/>Georgiy Shilov<br>[[Endre Szemerédi]]<br>Andrei Zelevinsky<br>Vitalii Ditkin | known_for = [[Group theory]]<br>[[mathematical analysis]]<br>Gelfand–Levitan–Marchenko integral equation<br>Liouville–Bratu–Gelfand equation<br>Gelfand-Pettis integral<br>Gelfand representation<br>Gelfand-Naimark theorem | prizes = [[Order of Lenin]] (three times)<br>ForMemRS <small>(1977)</small><br>[[Wolf Prize]] <small>(1978)</small><br>Wigner Medal <small>(1980)</small><br>Kyoto Prize in Mathematical sciences <small>(1989)</small><br>[[American Mathematical Society|AMS]] Steele Prize <small>(2005)</small> }} '''Israel Moiseevich Gelfand''', also written '''Israïl Moyseyovich Gel'fand''', or '''Izrail M. Gelfand''' ({{lang-yi|ישראל געלפֿאַנד}}, {{lang-ru|Изра́иль Моисе́евич Гельфа́нд}}; {{OldStyleDate|2 September|1913|20 August}} – 5 October 2009) was a famous [[USSR|Soviet]] [[mathematician]]. He worked on many branches of mathematics, including [[group theory]] and other areas related to [[differential equations]]. He received many awards, including the [[Order of Lenin]] and the first [[Wolf Prize]], he was also a Foreign [[Fellow of the Royal Society]] and professor at [[Moscow State University]], and worked at [[Rutgers University]] after immigrating to the United States shortly before hi