What is Gene therapy?
[[File:Gene therapy.jpg|thumb|300px|Gene therapy using an [[adenovirus]] [[vector]]. A new gene is put into a [[virus]], which is then put into a human. If the treatment is successful, the new gene will make working [[enzyme]], which will treat the disease.]] '''Gene therapy''' means putting in a working [[gene]] to a person who has a damaged gene. The [[European Commission]] has approved this method for one particular treatment.<ref>Gallagher, James 2012. Gene therapy: Glybera approved by European Commission. ''BBC Science & Environment''. [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-20179561]</ref> The treatment by the product ''Glybera'' uses a [[virus]] to infect muscle cells with a working copy of the gene. The European Commission has given ''Glybera'' marketing authorisation, which means it can be sold throughout the EU. One in a [[million]] people have damaged copies of the [[lipase]] gene needed to break down [[fat]]s. Fat builds up in their blood; this leads to pain and inflammation of the [[pancreas]] (pancreatitis). It is life-threatening. Up to now, the only way to manage the condition is to have a very low-fat diet. When used in this way, a virus is a [[Vector (biology)|vector]].<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Gardlík R ''et al'' 2005|title=Vectors and delivery systems in gene therapy |journal=Med Sci Monit. |year=2005 |volume=11 |issue=4 |pages=RA110–21 |pmid=15795707 |url=http://www.medscimonit.com/fulltxt.php?ICID=15907}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Salmons B. & Günzburg W.H. 1993 |title=Targeting of retroviral vectors for gene therapy |journal=Human Gene Therapy |year=1993 |volume=4 |issue=2 |pages=129–41 |pmid=8494923 |doi=10.1089/hum.1993.4.2-129 }}</ref> That means it is a carrier; the gene has been inserted into the viral genome, and the virus sticks it into the human cells. The technique is called [[transfection]]. This technique is different from the [[gene knockout]] technique, which does not use a viral vector. == China == [[China]] was the first country to approve the commercial production of