What is Constitutional court?
{{About||highest ordinary courts with power of constitutional review|Supreme court}} {{multiple image|perrow = 2|total_width=300 | image1 = Austrian_Constitutional_Court_building_01.jpg | image2 = Moravská_Zemská_Sněmovna_II.jpg | image3 = Tribunal Constitucional.jpg | image4 = Karlsruhe bundesverfassungsgericht.jpg | image5 = Constitutional Court of Turkey.jpg | image6 = Constitutional Court of Korea building.jpg | image7 = 00 2061 Equestrian statue of Peter the Great - Constitutional Court (St. Petersburg).jpg | image8 = Constitutional Court South Africa.jpg | footer = ''Seats of some constitutional courts'': * [[Constitutional Court (Austria)|Constitutional Court of Austria]] * [[Constitutional Court of the Czech Republic]] ---- * [[Constitutional Court of Spain]] * [[Federal Constitutional Court of Germany]] ---- * [[Constitutional Court of Turkey]] * [[Constitutional Court of Korea]] ---- * [[Constitutional Court of Russia]] * [[Constitutional Court of South Africa]] {{notelist}} }} A '''constitutional court''' is a [[Supreme court|high court]] that deals primarily with [[constitutional law]]. Its main authority is to rule on whether laws that are challenged violted with constitutionally established rules. == History == === Before establishment of independent constitutional court === Prior to 1919, the United States, Canada and Australia had adopted the concept of judicial review by their courts, following shared principles of their similar common law legal system. === After establishment of independent constitutional court === In 1919 the First Austrian Republic established the first dedicated constitutional court, the Constitutional Court of Austria, which however existed in name only until 10 October 1920, when the country's new constitution came into effect, upon which the court gained the power to review the laws of Austria's federal states. The 1920 Constitution of Czechoslovakia, which came into effect on 2 February 1920, was the first to provide for a dedicated court for judicial review of parl