What is Microbiology?
{{no sources|date=May 2021}} '''Microbiology''' - (Greek μικρός, mikrós, „tiny“, βίος, bíos, „life“ and λόγος, lógos, „science“) is a science in the composition of [[biology]], which is occupied by the study of [[microorganisms]] (bacterium, ([[Archaea|archaebacteria]]), microscopic [[fungi]], [[protozoa]],[[alga]],and [[viruses]]). Microbiology studies the systematics, morphology, physiology, biochemistry, evolution, ecological roles, and practical uses of microorganisms. [[Medical microbiology]] is also part of microbiology. Different parts of microbiology can be classified into pure and [[applied science]]<nowiki/>s. Microbiology can be also classified by [[taxonomy]], as in the cases of [[bacteriology]], [[mycology]], protozoology, and [[phycology]]. There is considerable overlap of the specific branches of microbiology with each other and with other disciplines. Certain aspects of these branches can extend beyond the traditional scope of microbiology [[Image:Leewenhoek-Postzegel nr-299.jpg|thumb|left|Leeuwenhoek on a Netherlands postage stamp]] [[Image:Ehrenberg Christian Gottfried 1795-1876.png|thumb|left|C.Ehrenberg]] == History == In 1665, [[Robert Hooke]] saw that cork was made up of little cubes that he named [[cells]]. Later [[Anton van Leeuwenhoek]] made the important connection that cells are living things when he saw through his early [[microscope]] smallest one-celled organisms. Later [[Christian Ehrenberg]] found that[[Protist| protista]] or [[bacteria]] were different kinds of cells. In the late part of the 1800s [[Martinus Beijerinck]] showed that there were small particles called [[viruses]]. Another important change in the study of [[microorganism]]s came from the discovery of [[DNA]] and [[RNA]]. This allowed using a [[Vector (molecular biology)|vector]] to change the inside of a cell without killing it. One recent discovery that changed the study of microbiology is the discovery of [[transposon]]s or jumping genes. Another one is the discovery of animal [[genes]] in the cells.