What is Meiji Restoration?
[[File:The New fighting the Old in early Meiji Japan circa 1870.jpg|thumb|right|350px|New fighting the old: graphic from ~1870]] The '''Meiji Restoration''' (明治維新) was a time of great change in [[Japan]]. In the [[Japanese language]], ''Meiji-ishin'' is the term for the '''Meiji Restoration'''. The term describes a series of events that changed the shape of Japan’s political and social systems. These changes took place mainly in the three years from 1866 to 1869, at the beginning of the [[Meiji period]]. == End of the Shogunate == In 1866, the [[Tokugawa Shogunate]] was ruling Japan. In the year 1866, two domains, the local government at that time, came together under an alliance. The name of this alliance was the [[Sat-cho Alliance]]. This was an alliance between the [[Satsuma Domain]] and the [[Choshu Domain|Chōshū Domain]], and a person named [[Sakamoto Ryoma]] brought the two domains together. These two domains supported the [[Emperor Meiji]] of Japan who, at the time, did not have much power. With their support the emperor could regain much of his power. The Tokugawa Shogunate’s rule ended on 9th November 1867, but they still retained some authority and power. In the [[Boshin War]] of 1868, an army from [[Satsuma Province]] and [[Nagato Province|Choshu]] defeated the forces of the Tokugawa Shogunate. This completely ended the power of the Tokugawa Shogunate. == The Revolution of the country's system == After defeating the Tokugawa Shogunate, the leaders of the Meiji Restoration started to reform the system of the country. They acted in the name of Japan’s emperor, to restore (that is, to return) the emperor’s powers. But, the leaders also kept to themselves a number of powers. In fact, even after the Meiji Restoration, an [[oligarchy]], a small group, had the real power and ruled in the name of the emperor. After the Meiji Restoration started, Japan’s progress was fast. The revolution included centralizing power, changing the tax system, starting the educational system, constructing factories and