What is Penguin?
{{Automatic Taxobox | name = Penguins | fossil_range = [[Paleocene]]–Recent <br/>62 mya{{ndash}}present | image = South Shetland-2016-Deception Island–Chinstrap penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) 04.jpg | image_caption = [[Chinstrap penguin]] <br />(''Pygoscelis antarctica'') | taxon = Spheniscidae | range_map = Penguin range.png | range_map_caption = Range of penguins, all species (aqua)}} '''Penguins''' are [[seabird]]s in the [[family (biology)|family]] '''Spheniscidae'''. They use their wings to swim underwater, but they cannot fly in the air. They eat fish and other [[seafood]]. Penguins lay their [[Cleidoic egg|eggs]] and raise their babies on land. Penguins in the wild only live in the [[Southern hemisphere|Southern Hemisphere]]: [[Antarctica]], [[New Zealand]], [[Australia]], [[South Africa]] and [[South America]], except [[Galápagos penguin|Galápagos penguins]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Schmidt|first=Amanda|date=2021-04-08|title=Penguin Fact Sheet {{!}} Blog {{!}} Nature {{!}} PBS|url=https://www.pbs.org/wnet/nature/blog/penguin-fact-sheet/|access-date=2024-02-18|website=Nature|language=en-US}}</ref> The furthest north they get is the [[Galapagos Islands]], where the cold [[Humboldt Current]] flows past.<ref>Davis, Lloyd S. & Renner M. 1995. ''Penguins''. London: Poyser. {{ISBN|0-7136-6550-5}}</ref> == Physical description == All penguins have a white belly and a dark, mostly black, back. This is a type of [[camouflage]] to keep them safe when they swim because it makes them blend in with their background. The white and black colors make an effect called [[countershading]]. While a [[predator]] looking from below sees the white belly and wings of a swimming penguin, it can't see the penguin well because the light is coming from above. However, when seen from above, the penguin's black back blends in with the dark water below, so they are hard to see from both angles. The biggest penguins, [[Emperor penguin|emperor penguins]], may stand nearly 4 feet tall