What is September 3?
{{calendar}} {{day}} == Events == === Up to 1900 === * [[301]] &ndash; [[San Marino]] is founded by Saint Marinus. It is the world's oldest [[republic]], and one of the world's smallest [[nation]]s. * [[590]] &ndash; [[Inauguration]] of [[Pope Gregory I]]. * [[863]] &ndash; [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine]] victory at the [[Battle of Lalakaon]] against an [[Arabia|Arab]] raid. * [[1189]] &ndash; King [[Richard I of England]] is crowned. * [[1260]] &ndash; The mamluks defeat the [[Mongol Empire|Mongol]]s at the [[Battle of Ain Jalut]] in [[Palestine]], marking their decisive defeat at the point of maximum expansion of the [[Mongol Empire]]. * [[1650]] &ndash; Third [[English Civil War]]: [[Battle of Dunbar]] – English [[parliament]]ary forces led by [[Oliver Cromwell]] defeat an army loyal to the future King [[Charles II of England]] and led by [[David Leslie, Lord Newark]]. * [[1651]] &ndash; [[Third English Civil War]]: [[Battle of Worcester]] – The future King [[Charles II of England]] is defeated in the last [[battle]] of the war. * [[1658]] &ndash; [[Richard Cromwell]] becomes Lord Protector of [[England]]. * [[1758]] &ndash; An assassination attempt is made on King [[Joseph I of Portugal]]. * [[1777]] &ndash; [[American Revolutionary War]]: The [[Flag of the United States]] is flown in [[battle]] for the first time, during the [[Battle of Cooch's Bridge]]. * [[1783]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of Paris (1783)|Treaty of Paris]] ends the [[American Revolutionary War]]. [[Great Britain]] recognises [[US]] independence, and also cedes both East and West [[Florida]] to [[Spain]]. * [[1791]] &ndash; The [[French Constitution of 1791]] is passed, changing [[France]] from an absolute to a constitutional monarchy. * [[1798]] &ndash; Start of a week–long [[battle]] at St. George's Caye in [[Belize]], between [[Spain]] and [[Great Britain]]. * [[1803]] &ndash; English [[scientist]] [[John Dalton]] begins using symbols to represent the [[atom]]s of different elements. * [[1838]] &ndash; Future abolitionist [[Frederick Douglass]