What is Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution?
{{US Constitution article series}} [[Ratification|Ratified]] on August 18, 1920, '''Nineteenth Amendment''' ('''Amendment XIX''') to the [[United States Constitution]] granted [[Americans|American]] women the right to [[vote]].<ref name=19rtvNA>{{cite web |url=https://www.archives.gov/historical-docs/document.html?doc=13 |title=19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Women's Right to Vote |publisher=The National Archives |access-date=13 March 2016}}</ref> The amendment marked the end of a long [[wikt:struggle|struggle]] for women in the [[United States]] that began in the mid-[[nineteenth century]].<ref name=19rtvNA/> The movement, called [[women's suffrage]], marked a radical change in how women were viewed in America. When the Constitution was written, it was accepted that a woman did not have a separate [[legal]] identity from her husband.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/disp_textbook.cfm?smtID=2&psid=3539 |title=Women's Rights |publisher=Digital History |access-date=13 March 2016}}</ref> Women's suffrage challenged that concept. The Nineteenth Amendment overturned an earlier decision by the [[United States Supreme Court]] in ''[[Minor v. Happersett]]''.<ref name=mvhLII>{{cite web |url=https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/88/162 |title=Minor v. Happersett |publisher=Legal Information Institute, Cornell University Law School |access-date=13 March 2016}}</ref> The Court held that the right to vote, guaranteed by the [[Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution|Fourteenth Amendment]] to all citizens of the United States, did not apply to women.<ref name=mvhLII/> Women were citizens, but did not have the right to vote.<ref name=mvhLII/> The Nineteenth Amendment was first introduced in [[United States Congress|Congress]] in 1878 by Senator Aaron A. Sargent. The bill calling for the amendment was introduced unsuccessfully every year for the next 40 years. Finally, in 1919, Congress approved the amendment and submitted it to the [[US states|states]] for ratification. A year