What is Haymarket affair?
[[File:HaymarketRiot-Harpers.jpg|thumb|right|200px|An illustration of the riot]] The '''Haymarket affair''' (also known as the '''Haymarket massacre''' or '''Haymarket riot''') was the aftermath of a bombing that took place at a labor protest on May 4, 1886, at Haymarket Square in [[Chicago]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cityofchicago.org/Landmarks/S/SiteHaymarket.html |title=Originally at the corner of Des Plaines and Randolph |publisher=Cityofchicago.org |access-date=March 18, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090506053947/http://www.cityofchicago.org/Landmarks/S/SiteHaymarket.html |archive-date=May 6, 2009 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> It began as a [[demonstration|peaceful rally]] in support of workers [[Strike action|striking]] for an [[eight-hour day]] and in reaction to the killing of several workers by the police. An unknown person (there are theories that it was a police agitator trying to cause an incident however this is unconfirmed and probably incorrect) threw a dynamite bomb at [[Chicago Police Department|police]]. The bomb blast and gunfire resulted in the deaths of seven police officers and at least four civilians; dozens of others were wounded. Eight [[anarchism|anarchists]] were convicted of [[Conspiracy (criminal)|conspiracy]]. The [[evidence]] was that one of the defendants may have built the bomb, but none of those on [[trial]] had thrown it.<ref>Timothy Messer-Kruse, ''The Haymarket Conspiracy: Transatlantic Anarchist Networks'' (2012)</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Smith|first=Carl|title=Act III: Toils of the Law|url=http://www.chicagohistoryresources.org/dramas//act3/act3.htm|work=The Dramas of Haymarket|publisher=Chicago Historical Society and Northwestern University|access-date=December 30, 2017}}</ref> The Haymarket Affair is thought to be an important reason of International [[Labor Day]] or [[May Day]] for workers.<ref>{{cite book |last=Trachtenberg |first=Alexander |title=The History of May Day |orig-year=1932 |url=http://www.marxists.org/subject/mayday/article