What is Joshua Lederberg?
{{nobelprize|Physiology or Medicine}} {{Infobox Scientist |name = Joshua Lederberg |image = Joshua Lederberg crop.jpg |image_size = 250px |caption = |birth_date = {{birth date|1925|05|23}} |birth_place = [[Montclair, New Jersey]], U.S. |death_date = {{death date and age|2008|02|02|1925|05|23}} |death_place = [[New York City]], U.S. |death_cause= [[Pneumonia]] |residence = |citizenship = |nationality = [[United States|American]] |field = [[Microbiologist]] |work_institutions = |alma_mater = [[Columbia University]], [[Yale University]] |doctoral_advisor = [[Edward Tatum]] |doctoral_students = |known_for = [[Bacterial conjugation]]; [[Transduction (genetics)|Transduction]]; [[Astrobiology]]; [[Dendral]] |author_abbrev_bot = |author_abbrev_zoo = |influences = |influenced = |prizes = [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (1959)<br/>[[National Medal of Science]] (1989)<br/>[[Presidential Medal of Freedom]] (2006) |footnotes = |signature = }} '''Joshua Lederberg''' (May 23, 1925 – February 2, 2008)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://newswire.rockefeller.edu/?page=engine&id=710 |title=Joshua Lederberg, Rockefeller University's fifth president, dies at 82 |access-date=2011-02-14 |archive-date=2016-03-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306182416/http://newswire.rockefeller.edu/?id=710&page=engine |url-status=dead }}</ref> was an [[Americans|American]] [[genetics|geneticist]]. He was known for his work on [[bacteria]]l [[Transduction (genetics)|transduction]], [[artificial intelligence]], and [[space exploration]]. He was just 33 years old when he won the 1958 [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] for discovering that bacteria can mate and exchange genes.<ref>Warwick K. 2001. The Joshua Lederberg Papers: Profiles in Science, National Library of Medicine. ''Biography'', '''24''', 978-982.</ref> He shared the prize with [[Edward Tatum]] and [[G