What is Caving?
[[File:Cody Caves 4.jpg|thumb|alt=an example of Caving|Spelunkers at work]] '''Caving''' (or '''spelunking''') is the [[hobby]] of exploring [[cave]]s. People who explore [[cave]]s are called '''spelunkers'''. ==Spelunkers and their equipment== Wise spelunkers explore in groups, to prevent being lost or stranded in a cave. Spelunkers need reliable [[equipment]], because the descent into a cave is like [[mountain climbing]] in the opposite direction. Basic spelunking equipment is similar to what mountain climbers use. Strong [[rope]]s make climbing possible and special tools attach ropes to cave walls. Special footwear makes it easier to explore hard-to-reach places, and [[Helmet|hard hats]] protect spelunkers from falling rocks above. Caves are extremely dark, so spelunkers have to carry [[light]] sources (like [[torch]]es and [[flares]]). One torch attaches to a spelunker's helmet so it is with him or her at all times. Caves are also very cold, so most spelunkers wear warm clothing. Spelunkers tie their ropes with different kinds of [[knot]]s, like the ''farmer's hitch knot'' and the ''[[alpine butterfly knot]]''. Spelunkers choose different knots for different purposes. Some knots work well to hold people as they climb. Other knots are best for tying ropes together.<ref>Nonfiction Science article, The Wonder of Caves</ref> ==Modern caving== Caving today has become a [[hobby]] for many different reasons. Some cavers are interested in [[conservation]]. Others are interested in gathering [[Research|hard data]] about caves (called [[speleology]]). [[Geology|Geologists]] explore caves for the purpose of learning about the formation of rocks. But, for most of the rest, the purpose of caving is just to have fun. Caves can generally be explored during any season of the year. Most caves remain at the same temperature all year round. The common rules of thumb apply:<ref>Safety Rules for Spelunking, e-how</ref> *Always wear protective headgear. *Always check to be sure there is no danger of [[flooding]] while you plan