What is Edouard van Beneden?
[[File:Edouard van Beneden in front of the Aquarium et musée de zoologie.jpg|thumb|right|Edouard van Beneden]] '''Edouard Joseph Marie Van Beneden''' ([[Leuven]], 5 March 1846 – [[Liège]], 28 April 1910), [[Cell biology|cytologist]] and [[Marine biology|marine biologist]]. He was professor of [[zoology]] at the [[University of Liège]].<ref>{{cite journal | quote = no |last=Hamoir |first=G |year=1986 |title=Edouard van Beneden, biologist and stoic |journal=Revue médicale de Liège |volume=41 |issue=20 |pages=779–85 | pmid = 3541105 }} </ref> He contributed to [[cytology]] and [[genetics]] by his work on the [[roundworm]] ''[[Ascaris]]''. In this work he discovered how [[chromosome]]s combined during [[meiosis]], during the production of [[gamete]]s.<ref>{{cite journal | quote = no |last=Hamoir |first=G |year=1992 |title=The discovery of [[meiosis]] by E. van Beneden, a breakthrough in the morphological phase of heredity |journal=Int. J. Dev. Biol. |volume=36 |issue=1 |pages=9–15 | pmid = 1627480 }}</ref> Beneden discovered, with [[Walther Flemming]] and [[Eduard Strasburger]], the essential facts of [[mitosis]]. In contrast to [[meiosis]], the double ([[diploid]]) set of [[chromosome]]s in daughter cells is identical to those in the parent cells. Excepting rare accidents, there is no change in the [[genetic]] apparatus. In meiosis, only one set of chromosomes ends up in each gamete, a condition called [[haploid]]. == Father == Van Beneden's father was also a well-known biologist. Pierre-Joseph van Beneden (1809{{ndash}}1894) introduced two important terms into [[evolutionary biology]] and ecology: [[mutualism]] and [[commensalism]].<ref>Boucher D.H. 1985. The idea of mutualism, past and future. In D.H. Boucher (ed) ''The biology of mutualism: ecology and evolution''. Oxford University Press. 1{{ndash}}28</ref> == References == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Van Beneden, Edouard}} [[Category:1846 births]] [[Category:1910 deaths]] [[Category:Belgian academics]] [[Category:Belgian biologists]] [[Category:Cell biolog