What is Demonstration (military)?
In [[military]] [[terminology]], a '''demonstration''' is an attack or [[show of force]] on a [[battlefield]] designed to trick or [[wikt:mislead|mislead]] an [[enemy]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.militaryfactory.com/dictionary/military-terms-defined.asp?term_id=1602 |title=demonstration |publisher=MilitaryFactory.com |access-date=21 July 2016}}</ref> Unlike a [[feint]], a demonstration does not make contact with the enemy.<ref name=USMCO>U.S. Marine Corps, ''Marine Corps Operations'' (New York: Cosimo, 2007), p. 7-12</ref> It is usually used as a supporting attack intended to deceive an enemy into thinking the demonstration is the main attack.<ref name=USMCO/> An example of a demonstration in the [[American Civil War]] was at the [[Battle of Gettysburg]].<ref name=Pfanz235>Harry W. Pfanz, ''Gettysburg–Culp's Hill and Cemetery Hill'' (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1993), pp. 235-262</ref> On July 2, 1863, General [[Robert E. Lee]] ordered [[Lieutenant General]] [[Richard S. Ewell]] to stage a demonstration against [[Culp's Hill]] on the [[Union Army|Union]] right [[wikt:flank|flank]].<ref name=Pfanz235/> This was in support of Lieutenant General [[James Longstreet]]'s main attack against the Union left flank.<ref name=Pfanz235/> == Advantages == The advantages of a demonstration include: * A demonstration does not make actual contact with an enemy and the demonstrating force may be used elsewhere on the battlefield.<ref name=globsec>{{cite web |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/library/policy/army/fm/90-2/90-2ch5.htm |title=Deception Means |publisher=GlobalSecurity.org |access-date=21 July 2016}}</ref> In April 1945, the [[amphibious]] attack on [[Okinawa]] involved [[landing craft]] that made a demonstration on the [[southeast]] [[coast]] of the [[island]]. Once they had drawn [[Japan]]ese troops away from the actual landing site, they returned to serve as [[wikt:reserves|reserves]] in the actual landing.<ref name=globsec/> * A full force is often not necessary to deceive the ene