What is Nephritis?
'''Nephritis''' is [[inflammation]] of the [[kidneys]]. It may involve the [[Glomerulus (kidney)|glomeruli]], [[Mesonephric tubule|tubules]], or [[Interstitium|interstitial tissue]] surrounding the glomeruli and tubules.<ref>Keto Acids – Advances in Research and Application 2013 Edition p.220e</ref> Nephritis is often caused by infections, and toxins, but is most commonly caused by autoimmune disorders that affect the major organs like kidneys.<ref>{{cite web|title=Acute Nephritis; Nephrosis; Nephritic syndrome information. Patient {{!}} Patient|url=http://patient.info/doctor/acute-nephritis|website=Patient|access-date=23 July 2016}}</ref> Nephritis can produce glomerular [[injury]], by disturbing the glomerular structure with inflammatory cell proliferation.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Glomerular Diseases|url = http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/kidney-disease/glomerular-diseases/Pages/facts.aspx|website = www.niddk.nih.gov|access-date = 2015-06-15|archive-date = 2015-06-12|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150612050215/http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/kidney-disease/glomerular-diseases/Pages/facts.aspx|url-status = dead}}</ref> This can lead to reduced glomerular blood flow, leading to reduced [[urine]] output ([[oliguria]])<ref>{{cite web|title=Oliguria: Background, Etiology, Epidemiology|url=http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/983156-overview|website=Medscape|publisher=eMedicine|access-date=23 July 2016}}</ref> and retention of waste products ([[uremia]]).<ref>{{Cite web|title = uremia {{!}} accumulation in the blood of constituents normally eliminated in the urine that produces a severe toxic condition and usually occurs in severe kidney disease|url = http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/uremia|website = www.merriam-webster.com|access-date = 2015-06-14}}</ref> As a result, red blood cells may leak out of damaged glomeruli, causing blood to appear in the urine ([[hematuria]]).<ref>{{Cite web|title = Hematuria (Blood in the Urine)|url = http://www.nid