What is Diabetes in dogs?
'''Diabetes mellitus in dogs''' happens when the [[beta cells]] in the [[pancreas]] stop producing [[insulin]] (leading to [[type 1 diabetes]]) or produce enough insulin though cells improperly use it (leading to [[type 2 diabetes]]). Diabetes in dogs can be treated. It doesn't need to make the life expectancies of dogs shorter than usual. If not treated, however, the condition could lead to [[cataract]]s, [[malnutrition]], [[diabetic ketoacidosis]], [[dehydration]] and possibly death.<ref>{{cite web|title=Diabetes in Dogs and Cats|publisher=Merck Veterinary Manual|url=https://www.merckvetmanual.com/endocrine-system/the-pancreas/diabetes-mellitus-in-dogs-and-cats?query=dog%20diabetes|access-date=August 24, 2021}}</ref> Diabetes mostly affects middle-aged and older dogs. There are, however, juvenile cases.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Canine Diabetes Mellitus|issue=10|pages=1948–1956|journal=Diabetologia|date=October 2005|volume=48|doi=10.1007/s00125-005-1921-1|url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00125-005-1921-1|access-date=August 24, 2021|last1=Catchpole|first1=B.|last2=Ristic|first2=J. M.|last3=Fleeman|first3=L. M.|last4=Davison|first4=L. J.|pmid=16151773|s2cid=22827221}}</ref> The typical dog with diabetes is [[overweight]] or [[obese]] and middle-aged. Females are affected almost three times more often than male dogs.<ref>{{cite web|title=Diabetes Mellitus in Dogs & Cats|work=The World Small Animal Veterinary Association|url=https://www.vin.com/VINDBPub/SearchPB/Proceedings/PR05000/PR00105.htm|access-date=August 24, 2021}}</ref> But there are [[controversy|arguments]] about whether or not [[neutering]] male dogs may increase the risks of developing diabetes. Some data mention that male dogs' risks of becoming [[obese]] double or triple after they are neutered.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Long-Term Health Risks and the Benefits Associated with Spay/Neuter in Dogs|publisher=NAIA Online|url=http://www.naiaonline.org/pdfs/LongTermHealthEffectsOfSpayNeuterInDogs.pdf|access-date=August 24, 2021}}</ref> Diab