What is Oxford Movement?
{{more sources|date=January 2024}} [[File:John-Henry-Newman.gif|thumb|[[John Henry Newman]]]] [[File:All Saints Margaret Street interior.jpg|thumb|The church of All Saints, Margaret Street, London, 1859: its design was influenced by the ideas of the Oxford Movement]] The '''Oxford Movement''' was a religious movement within the [[Church of England]], based at the [[University of Oxford]], which began in 1833. Members of this movement were known as 'Tractarians' (from ''Tracts for the Times'', a collection of books, pamphlets and essays that described their beliefs). Opponents of the movement called them Newmanites (before 1845) and Puseyites (from 1845), after [[John Henry Newman]] and [[Edward Bouverie Pusey]], two leading Tractarians. The members of the movement tried to bring back Catholic doctrine and forms of service into the Church of England. The Oxford Movement wanted to make services more like a [[Catholic]] [[Mass (liturgy)|Mass]]. They also believed the Anglican church was an 'apostolic' church, connected directly to the Church of [[Saint Peter]] and the other Apostles. [[John Keble]] was another leader of the movement. After publishing ninety Tracts, Newman decided, in Tract 90, that the Branch Theory (that the Anglican, [[Eastern Orthodox]] and Roman Churches were all part of the one Church) was not enough, and he converted to [[Catholicism]], and later became a [[Cardinal (Catholic Church)|Cardinal]]. Enemies of the Movement thought this proved that they were trying to reunify with [[Rome]]. Others followed Newman to Rome (Henry Edward Manning, another important Tractarian, converted in 1851) while others, such as Pusey and John Keble, remained in the Anglican Church to continue the work of reforming it. Today, it is represented in the 'Anglo-Catholic' or High Church (more Catholic, as opposed to Low Church, more [[Protestant]]) part of the Anglican Church, the smaller, conservative part. Recently, with the Anglican Church debating if female clergymen should be allowed, some Anglo-Catholics, such