What is Institutional racism?
'''Institutional racism''' is a form of [[racism]] embedded in social [[Institution|institutions]]. ==Overview== ===Naming=== It is also called '''systemic racism''' because it is in the systems that make up society. People usually think of racism as being thoughts of hate and prejudice against other races, but institutional racism means that those feelings are present in the ways people interact with each other.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Mandavilli|first=Apoorva|date=April 2003|title=Troubled times force old pharma to learn new tricks|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0403-379a|journal=Nature Medicine|volume=9|issue=4|pages=379|doi=10.1038/nm0403-379a|pmid=12669047 |s2cid=5300806 |issn=1078-8956}}</ref> Institutional racism is not new, but the term is. [[Civil rights]] leaders Stokely Carmichael and Charles V. Hamilton were among the earliest users of the term.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/61302817|title=Tackling the roots of racism : lessons for success|last=Bhavnani|first=Reena|date=2005|publisher=Policy Press|others=Heidi Safia Mirza, Veena Meetoo, Joseph Rowntree Foundation|isbn=1-86134-774-X|location=Bristol, UK|oclc=61302817}}</ref> ==North America== ===United States=== Institutional racism is a huge issue in the United States (US). ====Housing==== In the past, Black Americans were not allowed to live in certain [[Neighborhood|neighborhoods]]. For instance, [[Bank|banks]] would not give them [[Loan|loans]] to live in the same neighborhoods as white people. As a result, many [[African Americans|Black Americans]] live in areas with high rates of poverty and lack of access to resources, including parks and good schools. ==Related pages== * [[Bias]] * [[Racism]] * [[Antiziganism]] * [[Antisemitism]] * [[Discrimination]] * [[The Holocaust]] * [[Roman Catholics and antisemitism in the 21st century]] ==References== <references /> [[Category:Bias]] [[Category:Racism]] [[Category:Antisemitism]] [[Category:Discrimination]] {{politics-stub}}