What is Hemoglobin Lepore syndrome?
{{Orphan|date=February 2022}} [[File:1GZX Haemoglobin.png|thumb|right|260px|When two [[gene]]s, the delta and [[beta globin]] [[gene]] [[loci]] become crossed or mixed-up a [[mutation]] happens which causes the Hb Lepore [[Phenotypic trait|trait]].]] '''Hemoglobin Lepore syndrome''' (Hb Lepore) is a kind of blood disorder that is caused by a genetic mutation. It was first found in an Italian-American family named Lepore. When a genetic mutation runs in families it is known as a trait. The Hb Lepore trait is found worldwide and may affect people of various races, however the three main kinds of Hb Lepore, usually affects [[Caucasian race|Caucasians]] of the Southern regions of [[Central Europe|Central]] and [[Eastern Europe]].<ref>Loren F. Hazelwood: Can't Live Without It: The Story of Hemoglobin in Sickness and in Health. pp.113-115</ref> There are three main kinds of Hb Lepore are named for the areas they were first found in, with various subtypes, the three main kinds are: * [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]] (Hb Lepore Washington, also known as Hb Lepore Boston or Hb Lepore Washington-Boston); most common in [[Italians]] from [[Southern Italy]] *[[Baltimore]] (Hb Lepore Baltimore); first described in a family with [[African]] ancestry; most common in people from the [[Balkan countries]], [[Albania]]ns [[Croats]], [[Serbs]], [[Slovenes]] and [[Romanians]]. It has also been described in [[Turkish people|Turks]] and in regions of [[Spain]] and [[Portugal]]. A rare case of the Baltimore variety was discovered in an [[African American]] woman in the [[Bronx, New York]] and dubbed Hn Lepore-Bronx<ref>{{cite journal |journal=Ann Hematol |date=Jun 2009 |volume=88 |issue=6 |pages=545–8 |title=Rare occurrence of Hb Lepore-Baltimore in African Americans: molecular characteristics and variations of Hb Lepores |author=McKeown SM, Carmichael H, Markowitz RB, Kutlar A, Holley L, Kutlar F |pmid=18989669 |doi=10.1007/s00277-008-0631-4|s2cid=8931267 }}</ref> and another variety was discovered in the city of [[Saskatoon]], [[S