What is Australian gold rushes?
[[File:StateLibQld 1 137103 Goldminers prospecting, ca. 1870.jpg|thumb|Looking for gold in Queensland,1870]] The '''Australian gold rush''' was a large number of gold discoveries in Australia. Thousands of people came to Australia in the hope of finding a lot of gold and becoming rich. The rush started in 1851 when gold was found near [[Bathurst, New South Wales]] and ended with the last rush in 1893 to [[Kalgoorlie, Western Australia]]. At each place gold was easily found in rivers and creeks. This was known as [[alluvial gold]] and could be found by individual miners using very basic equipment such as a spade and a dish. In most places this alluvial gold was taken in the first few months. To get at the gold that was buried deeper in the ground meant that the miners needed to work together to dig tunnels. Eventually large companies were formed to raise money so that deep gold mines could be built. The gold rushes happened when alluvial gold was found. Miners would quickly move there in the hope of being the first to find the surface gold. For example, miners rushing to [[Clunes, Victoria]] in August 1851, quickly changed their minds and went to [[Buninyong, Victoria|Buninyong]] when they heard of a new gold discovery. Weeks later gold was found at [[Ballarat, Victoria|Ballarat]] a few miles to the north and within six weeks there were more than 10,000 people digging. But by 1852 most miners had left Ballarat and rushed to the new goldfields at [[Bendigo, Victoria|Bendigo]].<ref name=hocking>{{cite book | last =Hocking | first =Geoff | title =To the diggings | publisher =Thomas C. Lothian Pty. Ltd. | date =2000 | location =Melbourne, Victoria | isbn = 0-7344-0114-0 }}</ref>{{rp|48}} In 1854, miners in Ballarat were angry and upset at paying for gold licences. They burned their licences and raised the Eureka Stockade flag in protest. The miners fought soldiers and police officers to protect their rights. This was called the [[Eureka Stockade]]. Many people died, but afterwards the miners didn't have to pay for t