What is August 9?
{{calendar}} {{day}} == Events == === Up to 1900 === *[[48 BC]] &ndash; [[Caesar's Civil War]]: [[Battle of Pharsalus]] – [[Julius Caesar]] decisively defeats [[Pompey]] at Pharsalus. Pompey flees to [[Egypt]]. *[[378]] &ndash; [[Gothic War]]: [[Battle of Adrianople]] – A large [[Roman army]] led by Emperor [[Valens]] is defeated by the [[Visigoths]]. Valens is killed, along with over half of his army. *[[681]] &ndash; [[Bulgaria]] is founded on the south bank of the [[Danube]] after defeating the Byzantine armies of [[Emperor]] Constantine IV south of the [[Danube]] delta. *[[1173]] &ndash; Construction of the [[Leaning Tower of Pisa]] begins. *[[1329]] &ndash; [[Quilon]], the first [[India]]n [[Christian]] [[Diocese]], is created by [[Pope John XXII]]. French–born [[Jordanus]] becomes its first [[bishop]]. *[[1483]] &ndash; The [[Sistine Chapel]] opens. *[[1810]] &ndash; [[Napoleon Bonaparte]] annexes the departments of the kingdom of [[Westphalia]] into the [[France|French Empire]]. *[[1842]] &ndash; The [[Webster-Ashburton Treaty]] is signed. It confirms where the [[US]]–[[Canada]] border runs to the east of the [[Rocky Mountains]]. *[[1854]] &ndash; [[Henry David Thoreau]] publishes his work ''Walden''. *[[1862]] &ndash; [[American Civil War]]: [[Battle of Cedar Mountain]] – [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] general [[Stonewall Jackson]] narrowly defeats Union general [[John Pope]]. *[[1890]] &ndash; The [[United Kingdom]] gives the [[North Sea]] [[island]] of [[Heligoland]] over to [[Germany|German]] control. *[[1892]] &ndash; [[Thomas Edison]] receives a [[patent]] for the two–way [[telegraph]]. *[[1896]] &ndash; German [[Aviation|aviator]] [[Otto Lilienthal]] crashes during a flying attempt, dying the next day. === From 1901 === *[[1902]] &ndash; [[Edward VII of the United Kingdom]] is crowned king, while his consort, [[Alexandra of Denmark]] is crowned queen of the [[United Kingdom]]. *[[1907]] &ndash; The first [[Boy Scout]] camp ends on [[Brownsea Island]], [[Dorset]], [[England]], [[UK]]