What is Oliver Smithies?
{{Infobox Scientist | name = Oliver Smithies | image = Oliver Smithies HD2009 AIC Gold Medal portrait (cropped).JPG | caption = | birth_date = {{birth date|1925|6|23|}} | birth_place = [[Halifax, West Yorkshire|Halifax]], [[West Riding of Yorkshire]], [[England]] | death_date = {{death date and age|2017|1|10|1925|6|23}} | death_place = [[Chapel Hill, North Carolina|Chapel Hill]], [[North Carolina]], [[United States]] | nationality = [[British people|British]], [[Americans|American]] | field = [[Biochemistry]], [[genetics]] | work_institutions = [[University of Toronto]]<br>[[University of Wisconsin–Madison]]<br>[[University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill]] | alma_mater = [[Balliol College, Oxford|Balliol College]], [[University of Oxford]] | doctoral_advisor = | doctoral_students = | known_for = [[Gel electrophoresis]], [[gene targeting]] | influences = | influenced = | prizes = [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (2007) | footnotes = }} '''Oliver Smithies''' (23 June 1925 &ndash; 10 January 2017) was a [[British people|British]]-[[Americans|American]] [[Genetics|geneticist]] and [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Nobel]] [[Nobel laureate|laureate]],<ref>{{cite web | url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2007/index.html | title=The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2007 | accessdate=2007-10-08 |publisher=The Nobel Foundation}}</ref> He invented [[gel electrophoresis]] in 1955,<ref>{{Cite journal| issn = 0264-6021| volume = 61| issue = 4| pages = 629–641| last = Smithies| first = Oliver| title = Zone electrophoresis in starch gels: group variations in the serum proteins of normal human adults| journal = The Biochemical Journal| date = December 1955| doi = 10.1042/bj0610629| pmid = 13276348| pmc = 1215845}}</ref> which is now one of the basic techniques of [[biochemistry]] and [[molecular biology]]. Much later, he worked on the technique of [[