What is Kowalczyk brothers?
[[File:Bracia Kowalczykowie Gdansk 2010.jpg|thumb|240px|Ryszard Kowalczyk (in the middle) and his brother Jerzy (left) in Gdańsk, 18 December 2010. The two other men are Wiesław Ukleja and [[Andrzej Gwiazda]]]] '''Ryszard Kowalczyk''' (20 February 1937 – 18 October 2017) and '''Jerzy Kowalczyk''' (born 1942) are Polish brothers who planted a bomb as a protest against the [[communist]] rule in Poland. The Kowalczyk brothers were scientists at [[Opole]] University. They were born in [[Warsaw]]. ==Bombing== On 6 October 1971 as a protest specifically against the violence perpetrated by the communist authorities against a large workers' protest. The big explosion destroyed the university hall where the celebrations were to take place. ==Pardoning== With the rise of [[Solidarity (Polish trade union)|Solidarity]] in the 1980s, pardons were issued and the brothers were freed for good behavior: Ryszard in 1983 and Jerzy in 1985. In 1991 President [[Lech Wałęsa]] decided that their sentences were legally ''forgotten'' which would allow them to work again. ==Life== Ryszard Kowalczyk died on 18 October 2017 in Warsaw at the age of 80.<ref>[http://wiadomosci.gazeta.pl/wiadomosci/7,114883,22528152,ryszard-kowalczyk-nie-zyje-w-1971-roku-z-bratem-wysadzili-aule.html Ryszard Kowalczyk nie żyje. W 1971 roku z bratem wysadzili aulę Wyższej Szkoły Pedagogicznej] {{in lang|pl}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} {{bio-stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kowalcyzk}} [[Category:1937 births]] [[Category:2017 deaths]] [[Category:1942 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Polish activists]] [[Category:Polish academics]] [[Category:People from Warsaw]]