What is Joseph Dalton Hooker?
{{Infobox scientist |name = Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker | image = Joseph Dalton Hooker NLM1.jpg | image_size = 230px | birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1817|6|30}} | birth_place = [[Halesworth]], Suffolk, England | death_date = {{death date and age|1911|12|10|1817|6|30|df=y}} | death_place = [[Sunningdale]], Berkshire, England |nationality = British |field = [[Botany]] |work_institutions = [[Kew Gardens]] |alma_mater = [[Glasgow University]] |influences = Sir [[William Jackson Hooker]]; [[Charles Darwin]]; [[George Bentham]] |influenced = [[Thiselton-Dyer]] |prizes = [[Order of Merit]] (1907); [[Order of the Star of India|Grand Cross Star of India]]; [[Royal Society]] [[Copley Medal|Copley]] (1887) & [[Darwin Medal]]s (1892); [[Linnean Society]] [[Linnean Medal|Linnean]] (1888) & [[Darwin–Wallace Medal]]s (1908) |religion = |footnotes = |signature = Joseph Dalton Hooker Signature.svg }} [[File:J.D. Hooker-72.jpg|right|thumb|230px|Joseph Dalton Hooker]] [[File:Joseph Dalton Hooker.jpg|thumb|Joseph Dalton Hooker]] [[Knight Bachelor|Sir]] '''Joseph Dalton Hooker''' [[Order of Merit|OM]] [[Order of the Star of India|GCSI]] [[Order of the Bath|CB]] [[Doctor of Medicine|MD]] [[Fellow of the Royal Society|FRS]] (30 June 1817 – 10 December 1911) was a British [[botanist]] and [[explorer]] of the 19th century. Hooker was one of the founders of [[geographical]] [[botany]], and [[Charles Darwin]]'s closest friend. He was Director of the [[Kew Gardens|Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew]], for twenty years, in succession to his father, William Jackson Hooker, and was awarded the highest honours of British science.<ref>Huxley, Leonard 1918. ''Life and letters of Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker OM GCSI''. London, Murray.</ref><ref>Turrill W.B. 1963. ''Joseph Dalton Hooker: botanist, explorer and administrator''. Nelson, London.</ref> ==Voyages== ===Antarctic: 1839–1843=== The expedition consisted of two ships, HMS