Canada’s situation is unique in the world: two linguistic minorities and two linguistic majorities serve as each other’s reason for being. Depending on whether they are located inside or outside Quebec, French-language and English-language communities are official minorities or majorities. Linguistic demography is essential for defining them. While the numerical criterion appears simple at first, it proves risky because it is very flexible and changes according to the variables selected. In addition, it disregards all sociolinguistic criteria. This article recommends using a more complex model in order to determine the status of linguistic minority or majority.