This article describes a methodology tested within the framework of a theoretical research in education. The methodological challenges inherent in this type of research are presented in the form of a synthesis of the specialized literature. The discussion approaches the general step of investigation, initially, and the modes of investigation, in the second time. The methodological process is organized from what is called Cycle of conceptual modeling, applied here to the development of a classification. Each stage of the cycle leads to the identification of technical elements and awaited products, with an aim of a better quality control of the process of research.