In a culturalist approach, disability is structured as a social and cultural production that varies according to time and space, changing and transforming according to the socio-historical context and the evolution of the society in which it is situated. Analyzing the conceptual and epistemological evolution of disability in order to highlight the societal challenges it implies, this article puts into perspective the emergence of the notion of accessibility, the development of an international legal framework in favour of persons with disabilities and the development of consumer society. It highlights the advent of a configuration combining legal, political and social aspects, as well as technology and economy that establish compensation for the consequences of disability and its inclusion in consumer society; persons with disabilities who represent a segment of a medical and technological market may participate as compensated-consumer-citizens in the functioning of the accessible city.