This article presents the results of a research led since 2007 within the scope of remediation and reorientation training plan «Rebond». More particularly, this research investigates the links between self-esteem, self-concept and vocational choice with first year drop-out students in higher education which decide to participate in the reorientation program in the second half-year. The results allow identifying new educational actions for the reorientation training plan such as the «Rebond» program.