The Intercultural Ideal in Light of Public Policies at the Municipal Level in Quebec
In Quebec, both the provincial and municipal governments are responsible for the development of general guidelines and programs related to the management of diversity, and otherwise referred to as interculturalism. The responsibility pertaining to social and economic integration of newcomers belongs to the provincial government, while its implementation is ensured on a local scale by the municipalities. Consequently, each level of administration acts in accordance to its respective delegated powers, but also to promote certain values or goals. By identifying the interventions of the five largest municipalities in Quebec (Montreal, Quebec, Laval, Gatineau, Longueuil), and by distinguishing the three constitutive dimensions of interculturalism (instrumental, humanist and civic), it appears that the humanistic objectives, which seek to promote social cohesion, communication, openness to difference and respect for human rights, are more numerous than those belonging to the instrumental and civic dimensions. On the other hand, the means proposed by municipalities are more instrumental and favour a « clientelist relationship ». The civic dimension is least present. Nevertheless, there are great disparities between the five selected municipalities, which are presented in this article.