Costs and benefits of a funding program for psychotherapies for French people suffering from depressive or anxious disorders
Objectives Depressive or anxious disorders are a major source of social and economic burden. Many international good practice guidelines recommend structured psychotherapy for treating depressive or anxious disorders. The positive impact of psychotherapy on health, quality of life, productivity, and on the direct and indirect costs has been widely demonstrated. Nevertheless, the psychotherapies provided in private practice with a non-medical psychotherapist are not reimbursed to patients by French health cover systems. This article aims (1) to assess the cost and benefit of providing a funding program for psychotherapies for the community for French adults suffering from severe or recurrent depressive or anxious disorders, and (2) to estimate the number of psychotherapists that this program would be needed. Methods Data are based on the Enquête Indicateurs de santé mentale dans quatre régions françaises: a cross-sectional survey of a representative sample of 20,777 adults in the general population conducted in 2005. The questionnaires were administered by a telephone interview with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview – short form. A financial evaluation of covering the cost of psychotherapies was performed using the methodology of the British program Improving Access for Psychological Therapies adapted to the French context. The annual cost generated by depressive disorders was estimated at EUR4,702, cost generated by anxiety disorders at EUR1,500. The remission rate attributable to psychotherapies was assessed to be 30% ±10%. The number of sessions to be covered was defined according to clinical guidelines of the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. The cost of a session was estimated at EUR41, the reimbursement rate by the compulsory health insurance system at 60%. Results The yearly cost for the cover of psychotherapeutic care – for 12.1 sessions on average was M EUR 514 (M EUR 308 for the compulsory systems) to treat 1,033M individuals in France, or 2.3% of the population. In terms of the cost-benefit ratio, EUR1 invested in psychotherapeutic treatment could, save from EUR1.14 (0.76-1.52) to EUR1.95 (1.30-2.60) for anxious or depressive disorders respectively. France has the 14,300 professionals qualified to provide the psychotherapies required to treat this population. Conclusion A funding program for psychotherapies proves to be a cost-efficient investment for the community from the short term, for both direct (health costs) and indirect (productivity, quality of life) costs, that is further that the positive impact and costs of psychotherapy on somatic disorders were not taken into account. With a view to providing appropriate care for patients, inter-professional collaboration among GPs and mental health professionals, and between clinical psychiatrists and psychologists, appears essential. These recommendations should be defined in national good practice guidelines.