Relying on empirical examples, this article discusses the relationship of populations of the pyrenean house centred system to their "soil". The polysemy of this term, far from constituting a difficulty, enabled us to explore several levels of observation which enlightened different aspects of the social functioning of the Pyrenean house-centred system to which constitutes the frame of this research. To the question of representations of the soil for local people, we see that they are heavily indexed to the rules of social organization existing in the pyrenean house centred system, and that managers should take it into consideration for any action of regional planning.