Myopia and risk of failure in SMEs2 
The perception of the risk of default is a recent field of study, which makes sense in a context of SMEs where the characteristics of the manager are predominant. Most studies focus on the impact of this perception on business creation, but none to our knowledge attempts to gauge the gap between the manager’s perception and the actual risk experienced by the company. This work therefore proposes to note the existence of this discrepancy before attempting to understand the reasons. Four categories of companies are thus detected, including the category of “Myopes”, which represent companies that are under a real risk without being perceived. This group is the subject of an analysis that allows to lay the foundation for a reflection on the reasons of this Myopia and mobilize a cognitive approach of this bias.