The aim of our article is to identify what, in the thinking of the libertarian and egalitarian philosopher Ruwen Ogien, enables us to unmask and interrogate the latent paternalism that still persists in the practices of healthcare professionals. Although recent advances in models of care have made more room for the voice of those being cared for and for their free self-determination, they have not put an end to paternalism in healthcare. We present here the various key points of Ogien’s argument aimed at criticising paternalism in healthcare, in order to be aware of the latent paternalism and recognize that it gives rise to epistemic and social injustices that must be reversed.