Realized in the turning point of the 2000s in urban zones, the switch from a problem of integration of the populations socalled «immigrants» to the fight against discrimination was presented as a reversal of the consideration of the place of these populations in french society. Taking back the words used by numerous sociologists, the notion of integration would have only put upon the «immigrants» shoulders the responsibility of their cultural incompatibility with the french nation, whereas the fight against discrimination would recover the functioning of the society as a whole. This text questions this requalification of the public action against the «immigrants» and against their children through the implementation in 2005, near Bordeaux, of an authority in rural areas intended in particular to fight against discriminations.