Institutional assessment that focuses on projects led by leaders who request it themselves, faces many problems: first of all, legitimacy. Who is well placed to assess what? Who is the real assessment’s end-user? What is «the through worth of training » but also, and this is not yet well widespread, what is « the through worth of assessment », what do we have to be ready to pay to « insure quality»? In other words, more and more, the focus is moving from efficiency to productivity, to questioning the productivity of assessment approach in itself. At the time when prospects are being reversed in terms of actors and subjects/objects of assessment, institutional assessment is questioned in itself: the end-user assesses the department in charge of organising and even assessing training programmes; the leading civil-servant is becoming «top-manager» to be assessed as well...