Canada is an officially bilingual country, in that communications are produced by the central government in both official languages, English and French. However, the governments of the Canadian provinces are unilingual, with one exception (the province of New Brunswick is officially bilingual). The province of Quebec is special in that it is the only province whose majority population is Francophone, hence its unilingual French status. However, given the political and demographic context of the province, the English-speaking population of Quebec has always played a key role. This study focuses on the different practices of official translation by the Governments of Canada and Quebec. To ensure comparable results, it analyzes the translation of speeches made by various political leaders at the provincial and federal levels during the 1995 Quebec referendum. Our previous research has shown that, at the federal level, the translation of political speeches varies, depending on the historical context and the Prime Minister in power at the time, among other factors. We hypothesize that, given the long tradition of institutional translation characteristic of some political parties, their translation strategies are more effective than those of political parties that do not have a tradition of the institutional translation of speeches and are thus less familiar with what translation involves.