The renovation of the Royal Museum for Central Africa in Belgium, now named Africamuseum, was an opportunity to analyze how African culture and nature have been presented for more than a century. Conceived as a colonial museum in the beginning of the XX th century, the Africamuseum evolved as the exhibits, thus influencing the opinions and the imagination of the Belgian public towards the African continent. By adopting an historical perspective on the exhibition of African flora and fauna, a particular light can be shed on the museology developed during the renovation in 2018. Indeed, it appears that the representations taking place in the renovated museum aggregates characteristics from different types of museums ("museum-of-a- museum", "museum-forum", "museum-entertainment", "museum-encyclopedia”) illustrating a non-museological choice, which some would call "a Belgian compromise".