Interprovincial transport links in Canada are under the jurisdiction of the federal government, according to the provisions of the British North America Act (1867). Only in the field of road transport do the provincial governments have the possibility of taking part in interprovincial transport regulation. It is unlikely that the federal government's proposals on constitutional reform will change the current structure of interprovincial transport links. On the other hand, in the event that the Québec electorate chooses to back the provincial government's proposal for political sovereignty, along with economic association with English-speaking Canada, there might be considerable changes in the transport patterns between Québec and the rest of Canada. In the light of the current role of transport in Québec's trans-border links, it is the purpose of this paper to examine the possibility of such changes.