This article presents the concept of resilience as a response to a rupture experienced during the existence of a person, in relation with the process of identity construction. This response is conditioned by the interaction between the person’s intrinsic characteristics, his/her social participation, and the environmental factors. Resilience is present when the person experiences a process of identity construction or reconstruction in spite of obstacles and ruptures. He/she can even be strengthened by them. In the rehabilitation process, the identity construction may consist of a target of intervention anchored in the features that are meaningful to the person. According to the Disability Creation Process model, it is possible to intervene on one or several features related to the person, the environment, the social participation, as well as on their interactions, in order to promote resilience and identity construction.