The Act of May 28, 2002 decriminalizing euthanasia puts Belgium in a unique position compared with most other Western democracies. Our contribution aims at explaining the main political traits allowing a permissive Belgian public policy regarding euthanasia. The adoption of such a collective norm is tightly linked with individual behaviors and it derivates from ethical choices at a personal but also societal level of decision. The article also carries out an analysis of the provisions of the Act of May 28, 2002, enforcement by doctors and the ethical issues they raise. Politically oriented debates and exchanges surrounding ethical issues, freedoms implemented and the topic of normalization are at the heart of this reflection.