European State-members seem to reactivate the process of construction of a “political Europe”, since the French “no” to the referendum concerning the project of European constitution. It is fundamental to implicate citizens in this process, in this way “economy” finally will be in the service of “politics”. Thus, the construction of European Union must continue by an integration of the European problematic in education but without erasing the cultural particularities of the State-members necessarily. The increase of the studying mobility, with the Erasmus program, is not sufficient: the percentage of young students that stay within EU remained too weak. The European institutions cannot carry the responsibility for the construction of the European citizenship: it belongs to every country member to put themselves on this task. The situation of France in this domain, treated in this contribution, is not exemplary: in initial education, efforts were made but the professional formation, globally, remain focused on intern problematics for the country. “Teaching Europe” constitutes one of the major stakes of the secondary, higher or professional system of education of France for the next years.