If multiple state and community interventions are made to prevent homelessness in Quebec, there is however no overall policy on this phenomenon. This paper presents a comparison between two models of social policies on homelessness : a needs-focused model and a rights-focused model. The comparison shows three main tensions within these two models : tension about the logic of the intervention of social policies (segmentation or holistic), tension about the values of social policies (individual responsibility or collective responsibility), tension about the conception of the beneficiaries of social policies (customers or citizenship). This analysis addresses the strengths and limitations of social policies on homelessness in Quebec.