For biographical reasons, Paule Constant’s five novels about Africa are marked by the medical history of the Franco-African relationship : Ouregano (1980), Balta (1983), White Spirit (1989), C’est fort la France ! (Gallimard, 2012) and Des chauves-souris, des singes et des hommes (2016). This article shows how these novels offer the reader an understanding of the France-Africa link as a medical relationship. They develop a literary and social type that is relatively little represented in contemporary literature : the bush doctor, and set up around him varied characters belonging to the medical staff. In this respect, Ouregano constitutes the reservoir of characters that will swarm in later novels. Two of these novels, C’est fort la France ! and Des chauves-souris, des singes et des hommes, deal with a historically attested « lomidinization accident », after the Cameroonian population was given injections of a chemical substance that was meant to prevent and cure trypanosomiasis caused by the tsetse fly and which cost the lives of several dozen villagers in 1954. The second of this novels initiates a dialogue with the historian Guillaume Lachenal and the theses developed in the book he wrote on lomidine : Le Médicament qui devait sauver l’Afrique : un scandale pharmaceutique aux colonies (2014).