According to the standard anthropological explanation of the ancient human settlements, the geographical organization of pre-Columbian Cuzco should be dependent on: 1) a « kinship System » whose purpose was to hold an ethnic tripartition in position; 2) an economic mode which distributed wealth based on ethnicity. But a structural « categorization » may have existed before the rising of the Inca Empire. Such a categorization makes possible an unprecedented interpretation of both anthropological and economic factors.