 A map world 
Who is a cartographer? Rarely women, and rarer still Indigenous women. In his book on the history of women in cartography, W. C. Van den Hoonard uses the concept of “map world” in order to grasp «the totality of relationships, norms, practices, and technologies that shape and constitute the world of map-makers» (2013 : 7). Beyond the technical aspects of cartography, the idea that the world can be shaped, ruled and experienced through maps leads us to reflect on the power relations inherent to such a world, but also on the capacity of individuals, in particular Indigenous women, to conceive a different reality. In this article, we use a gender perspective to analyze the gradual construction of a map world within the framework of Canadian colonialism and we are particularly interested in the agency of Indigenous women within this context. Our analysis is divided into three parts: we first discuss how the colonial world and the nation-state are constructed through mapping of the “New World” ; we then analyze the maps of Shanawdithit, known as the last representative of the Beothuk people ; lastly, we discuss how the contemporary practices of Indigenous women cartographers transform the map-world constructed through several centuries of colonial and state cartography. Transforming the map also means transforming the territory and its use. In conclusion, our article aims to open up decolonial approaches in which the knowledge of Indigenous women can fully participate in cartographic representations and, ultimately, in the reconstruction of social space.