In connection with the social cognitive approach, the academic motivation concept is not considered as a single one anymore, but rather as split into multiple components. Our MCQM (Multi-Componential Questionnaire of academic Motivation) is meant to reflect this trend through the measure of ten out of the most investigated concepts in the field of academic motivation. The instrument validation is reported: reliability (internal consistency), content validation, construct and criterion validation. Results are preceded by a review of the international literature about current trends in the academic motivation research field, at the conceptual as well as at the methodological levels, in order to evaluate the relevance of such a questionnaire and present its application indications.