Anticosti Island (Québec, Canada) submitted its nomination proposal for United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage status while conducting an in-depth reflection on its future and development. This decision, taken at a critical point in its history, was influenced by a desire to preserve its exceptional natural and cultural environment, and the quality of life of its inhabitants. While World Heritage designation can provide protection and enhance the quality and reputation of a touristic destination, it also raises issues linked to the change of pace, local impacts, and sustained commitment from stakeholders. How can these emerging challenges be transformed into tools for development and protection? After presenting the history of tourism on Anticosti, this article discusses the relationship between World Heritage Site designation and tourism, as well as the means provided by the nomination process to take care of the community and its heritage.