The evolution of institutional and policy frameworks for Ecosystem Services (ES), especially the new 2016 biodiversity legislation in France, make accounting for ES in land use management mandatory. This requires the use of spatially explicit information, and therefore the development of models to map ES. Most models are based on or use Land Use or Land Cover maps (LU/LC) as a proxy. Using a highly accurate spatialized LU/LC database, we applied or adapted models to map 15 ES. We show that depending on the implication of the LU/LC database as input to the models, the type of model (proxy vs. process based) and the processes modeled, the resulting spatial patterns are more or less dependent on the LU/LC database. The critical analysis of limits and uncertainties in the LU/LC mapping process (in general and for our database in particular), and the use of these maps for modelling ES showed : 1 - the benefits, especially in agricultural areas, of precise description and monitoring of LU/LC inter-annual dynamics for the quantification of ES supply ; 2- the consequences of LU/LC typological limits for the quantification of ES, especially in our work in forest and semi-natural areas. The use of remote sensing should support a serious typological improvement to better characterize the LU/LC and also use as independent input data in ES models.