 Territory and ecological knowledge of Métis women in Western Canada 
The Métis of Western Canada traveled over a large territory in the 19th century to hunt buffalo. Due to colonization their territory shrunk over time, however the Métis maintained a connection to the land thanks to knowledge systems that are an integral part of their culture, which would explain why they still perceive mobility and territory as two interconnected concepts. By promoting a longue durée analysis, the objective of our article is to accentuate the ties that the Métis had/have with the territory by favoring women’s ecological knowledge ; their knowledge has often been ignored or downplayed in legal, environmental and land use studies. Based on the idea put forward by Indigenous intellectual Aileen Moreton-Robinson that the dispossession brought about by colonization did not necessarily completely erase the ontological belonging of Indigenous people to the land, our analysis reveals that women have maintained an intimate relationship with the land and that their activities have been and still are at the center of maintaining and preserving a culture and a distinct identity.