Our analysis raises the problem of the relationship between education and development, and more precisely, to what extent education may lead to human development. This is an issue on which the traditional pedagogy and the new pedagogy are opposed. Our objective in this work consisted in showing that education could only lead to human development if it considers the two fundamental dimensions of man, that is, his individuality and his personality. For us, an education capable of ensuring human development would be, just as much, one which embraces man as a whole and which sets him on an uninterrupted path of learning.