The problem with Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder, its nature and treatment: A summary of different points of view
The article presents various points of view concerning the nature and the treatment of the Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). After introducing the social debate surrounding ADHD, we outline the main statements and topics on which most experts and researchers in the field agree. We then briefly summarize the results of recent empirical studies on the most controversial issues related to this disorder. Guidelines presented in governmental and specialized publications on how ADHD should be diagnosed and managed by medical, social and educational services are also reviewed. The next part of the article presents studies that investigated how parents, children or teachers understand the disorder, and more specifically, what they think about the causes of ADHD (such as genetic, neurophysiological, educational, nutritional or social factors) and what type of treatment should be used to help children with ADHD (behavioral and educational therapy, medication, or combined treatment). Practical guidelines for child careworkers and mental health professionals supporting the child, parent or teacher in the context of ADHD are finally outlined.