Apocalyptic representations are relevant in the field of mental health. The ideologies in numerous sects are based on images and interpretations fed by biblical references, but also by postmodern representations such as extraterrestrials and UFOs. These charismatic leaders present problematical psychological profiles which can carry them, as their followers, to extreme behaviors. Anxieties associated to technological innovations such as nuclear weapons, deterioration of the environment, as well as the media announcements can provoke stressful reactions, affecting the well-being of individuals. Delusions including apocalyptic and end of the world references are often reported among patients with psychotic disorders. These issues are discussed using historic and contemporary examples.