The Land of the « Mestizos Mayas »
The Mayas of Yucatán call themselves and are called « Mestizos » (cross-bred), a unique case in all Latin America. An historical study is done of the reasons why this designation is used, as well as for the names for the « real » half-breed and the other Yucatec Mayas. The concept of xaak’ (variables : xak’, xa’ak’), one of the meanings of which is « half-breed » in Yucatec Maya language, also means « mixed », and in particular « mixed of seeds » and « mixed of spices ». This concept will be analysed for comparative purposes. It will be put in relation with the Yucatec mythology. The relations between the Maya Yucatec identity and the « mestizo » identity will then be exposed. The conclusion will deal with the political fight back of the contemporary Yucatec, which perspective will be enlightened with the concept of « cross-breeding » in Yucatec and French.