Our research focuses on the following questions: what is a disorder, a conflict? How do we define them and react to them? Our main hypothesis is based on the existence of an active justice model which regulates our social exchanges but is hidden by the dominant discourse of the penal justice: the “vindicatory” model. In this article, we shall more particularly discuss issues raised by the meeting between penal and vindicatory models, and describe how these two regulation models could mix. In that purpose, we shall focus on the regulation modes used by the Aboriginal peoples living in Quebec. We shall first describe how they define and handle the different forms of confusion which emerge in their communities. By doing this, we shall then try to identify the vindicatory aspects of their regulation practices and discuss how these models survived when confronted to the western legal and penal model.