The rise of religious fundamentalism, like the growth of new religious movements and the many quests for meaning in contemporary societies, has obliged a renewal of sociological perspectives on the secularization of the modern world. These phenomena cannot be interpreted as a return to the past and a refusal of modernity. They are, rather, religious products of modernity. With regard more specifically to religious radicalism, the author argues that it contributes to extending modernity's scope of action.