French nonprofit organizations facing the Covid-19 crisis: A resources and stakeholders approach
This paper seeks to investigate the relevance of stakeholder theory and resource dependency theory in the analysis of French nonprofit organizations’ management in the face of the Covid-19 crisis. Through a broad survey and an operationalization of the theories through the filter of societal orientation, this article highlights the positive effects of maintaining governance arrangements on viability (as a short-term performance), a positive effect of stakeholder dependence on the adoption of societal orientation and a negative effect on viability, as well as differentiated roles according to the time horizon of societal orientation on viability.