Urban Agriculture Facing the New Challenges of the Nourishing and Sustainable City: Geohistorical Approach and New Perspectives from the Examples of Tours Métropole Val de Loire and the Region Île-de-France (France)
Urban agriculture is growing in France and, consequently, it is becoming more and more important in public policies. However, it has not always been considered so favorably. The city has rather progressed to the detriment of agriculture and today agriculture is mostly imposed on marginalized spaces. Our article takes a geohistorical look at urban agriculture, based first on existing literature. We thus show the evolution from a marginalization of agriculture to an agrarianization of the city. Some examples taken in Tours Métropole Val de Loire (market gardening and allotment gardens) and Île-de-France (abandoned urban areas: urban micro-farms and eco-districts) are an opportunity to question the current place of agriculture in a city that now wants to be nourishing and sustainable, allowing us to imagine its insertion in the city of tomorrow.