Facing the transformation of communication and learning modes in which the image has an increasingly important place (Bleed, 2005; North Central Regional Educational Laboratory & Metiri Group, 2003), the development of specific skills in visual literacy is essential to face the challenges that await students in the contemporary world. Yet, these skills and their development in and out of school remains under studied, hence the creation of a study to achieve the following goal: identifying and describing the formal and informal learning practices in visual literacy of undergraduate students. The results of this study highlight the use, in formal and informal contexts, of communication tools in which the image has an important place among the students surveyed. Moreover, the use of the visual mode in learning media, as well as the emphasis of skills related to visual literacy and the sense of competence of the students with regard to these skills, was also apparent. Two important findings emerge from this study: learning practices are differentiated depending on the context in which they are implemented (personal life vs. academic life) and these practices illustrate that the image is taken into account more and more (but still too often partially) as a mode of communication and learning.