Is Quebec society being militarized ? The question may appear nonsensical given the fact that it is commonly accepted that Quebeckers are more pacifists than their Canadian neighbours. This article rigorously examines the question. It begins by providing a typology of potential attitudes held by Quebeckers regarding international security issues. It then tests these against dozens of polls conducted during the last quarter of a century. The results are paradoxical. While Quebeckers continue to hold longstanding anti-imperialistic values, they nonetheless express strong militaristic attitudes vis-à-vis foreign and defence policy issues.