This paper updates the list of the birds of Anticosti Island (Québec, Canada) initially compiled by Henri Ouellet in 1969. As of November 4, 2022, it contained 261 species, including 74 additions—the vast majority of which have only been infrequently observed. Large numbers of sea ducks use the coastal waters during migration, moulting and wintering. Colonial seabirds nest on the island’s well-protected cliffs; however, except for the Black Guillemot, their populations have been declining for many years. Although the data for shorebirds are limited, species from this group tend to be present in greater numbers during the post-breeding migration. The landbird population differs from neighbouring regions due to the presence of introduced white-tailed deer and possibly the absence of the American Red Squirrel. In particular, the abundance of the Red Crossbill is noteworthy. Finally, almost half of the bird species of Anticosti Island are considered a conservation priority, making the island’s avifauna an essential element to consider in future management and land-use planning.