By considering sport as one of its priorities «to improve races and civilize the african peoples», the democratization of sports practices advocated with the African societies since the interwar period, and especially by France of Vichy (1940-1944), took place in a heterogeneous way. In spite of a quasi-total disagreement on the real nature of the popular sport, army training, physical education and high competition sport, all these socio-educational practices have early been re-exported by school towards the civil clubs. Access to archived data reveals that the passage of the amateurism to professionalization is link itself to the economic, political and diplomatic fields. The study suggests, according to the results and the typologies raised from the specific characteristics of each period, a rediscovery of the mode of organization of sport in Africa by the actual insertion of the practices in a logic of production for a better diffusion of the african local culture.