In a context of government reforms, a key question concerns the performance of structures like incubators. The issues regarding incubator performance are both theoretical, as consensus on the performance criteria are lacking, and practical, as incubator managers need reliable management tools to measure performance. The originality of this paper is the proposal of a strategic and multidimensional approach to incubator performance measurement based on the balanced scorecard model. A quantitative survey of 109 incubator managers demonstrates the relevance of the performance dimensions and indicators.