Adopting a neo-structural perspective (Moore, 1990; Ibarra, 1995; Burt, 1995, 1998; Lin, 1995; Lazega, 2011, 2012), the present paper investigates the societal and organizational resistances (structural effect) and the relational biases (networking effect) hindering the professional advancement of women-managers in the American firms. Complementary to the (new) affirmative action policies, the cooptation mentoring and the intra-organizational affinity groups are aimed at supporting the professional integration of women-managers through the development of their organizational networks. Nevertheless, these organizational devices rely upon two distinct (assimilative vs. affiitary) logics of professional socialization.