 The columns of the church 
Pentecostalism is a religion that is growing phenomenally, especially in the Kaingang communities of southern Brazil. In the village Jacú of the Terra Indígena Xapecó, Kaingang women form by far the majority of followers and are extremely involved in various Pentecostal activities. The intention of the article is first to expose how this female involvement contributes greatly to the success and growth of the churches, especially through the creation of women’s spaces such as the Prayer Circles, where the spiritual work carried out is considered indispensable. The article then looks at how Pentecostalism allows some women to acquire prestige and authority by acting as mothers to their communities, social workers and true religious leaders. The practice of Pentecostalism allows them to develop new skills and to access new roles and responsibilities. The analysis reveals that despite the absence of official titles, some women are considered pastors. The different mechanisms for legitimizing their authority are highlighted. The use and limits of their authority are also discussed.