Human pressures on natural environments affect ecosystem function, biodiversity and organisms at different trophic levels, including insects. Light traps, installed at 27 permanent biological survey stations in a network of protected areas in the Lanaudière region (Quebec, Canada), were used to measure the effect of local habitat and landscape variables on the species richness and biomass of invertebrates. A total of 1 880 specimens from 34 families were collected during the sampling period. Survey stations further from linear infrastructures (mainly roads) had greater insect richness and biomass. The closeness to such infrastructures was the only landscape-level explanatory variable that provided a positive and significant linear regression describing a large part of the variability between the samples. In addition to direct insect mortality due to road traffic, there were also negative effects on populations at the landscape level.