Acadians do not have a state of their own, but they are nevertheless territorialized. For nearly two centuries, from the second half of the 18th century to the 1930s, hundreds of Acadian settlements were established in the Maritime Provinces, primarily New Brunswick. Historically, these geographical locations delimited the boundaries of the Acadian ethnolinguistic community and were explicitly part of the nationalist project of the second half of the 19th century. However, from the 1950s onwards, the Acadian territorial model entered into crisis and we witnessed a profound deinstitutionalization of its communities. This article examines the transformations of territorial anchoring, by tracing the settlement dynamics and questioning the persistence of local boundaries in a context where they no longer reflect living communities. To this end, we propose a critical reading of local heritage based on an analysis of parish monographs and community morphology.