The concept of urban agriculture questions the relationship between the categories of city and agriculture. In this paper, I consider the field of social representations in which these two categories are traditionally distinct but also divergent. In the Swiss antiurban imaginary, the reference to agriculture has always been used to depreciate the city; first by referring to cities as parasites unable to support themselves and forcing people away from rural healthy occupations; second, by referring to urbanization as a destructive force of agricultural land. In contrast, current experiences of urban agriculture are connected to discourses that highlight the perfect merging of city and agriculture and help foster a positive image of the city. However, as an exemplary case examined in the Geneva region shows, the contrast between city and agriculture associated with negative representations of the city is still very real. Drawing on this finding, two major archetypes of the present-day shape of the relationship between the city and agriculture in Switzerland can be identified: the sterile city and the fertile city.