During the last 30 years, assessment of educational systems has gone through several tremendous changes both from a policy and a methodological point of view. The major developments in the field cannot be tracked through the papers appearing in Mesure et évaluation en éducation. Indeed, very few papers have been dedicated to that topic. Main stakes and trends will therefore be studied through other sources. Major challenges to address in the near future will be presented and suggestions made for a broader coverage of the domain in the journal Mesure et évaluation en éducation.