Requests for Euthanasia in Belgian Prisons. Between Mental Suffering, Human Dignity and the Death Penalty
Belgium is one of three countries in the world where euthanasia can legally be used by physicians at the explicit and repeated request of a patient who is in a hopeless medical situation and experiencing unbearable and continued physical or mental pain and suffering that cannot be relieved and is the result of a serious and incurable injury or pathological condition. Over the last two years, 17 requests for euthanasia due to unbearable mental suffering were made by inmates in Belgium. All inmates were either purging a long prison sentence or a indeterminate protection measure for mentally ill offenders. The authors examine the ethical, legal and criminological issues raised by these cases. Indeed, while both national and international human rights standards guarantee inmates the right to equal medical care, the potential impact of the prison context on their mental suffering must be taken into account.