This article analyzes the ethnolinguistic development of linguistic minority group members through the use of a macroscopic intergroup model which focuses on four different levels of analysis. The model shows how macrosocial factors influence microsocial factors that can be measured and analyzed at the individual level. The relationships between three types of ethnolinguistic socialization (enculturation, personal autonomization, conscientization) and various psycholinguistic variables are discussed and illustrated via a structural equation model that can be tested empirically. These models take into consideration factors that are related to social determinism and others that favour self-determination at the group and individual levels. Examples of research done with Francophone minority group members in Canada are presented. In conclusion, we introduce the concept of cultural autonomy which identifies factors related to language community revitalization in a minority context.