Historically, most authors recognized the Canada hawthorn (Crataegus canadensis Sargent [Rosaceae]), which occurs in the Montréal area (Québec, Canada), as a distinct species. Recently, however, it has been considered simply a distinct local form and taxonomic synonym of the Quebec hawthorn (Crataegus submollis Sargent). The two species are similar and share some morphological characteristics, but observations made over the last 15 years, together with field and herbarium measurements taken in 2015, 2016 and 2017, highlight clear distinctions between them. The differences in leaf blade size and lower sinus incisions, stamen number, sepal length and position, and fruit shape and size, are described. The restricted geographical distribution of the Canada hawthorn, which is endemic to the greater Montréal region, is also presented.