The area catchment of Abiergué, located in the urban perimeter of Yaounde between 11°05' and 11°25' East longitude and between 3°51' and 3°54' North latitude experiencing an important truck-farming activity in its bottoms funds from Nkolbikok to Nkolbisson. A study started in 2005 in this area, has for main objective to contribute to the enhancement of this activity while working to reduce the involved risks (health and environmental). Many activities have been developed using a transdisciplinary approach. The socio-economic conditions of the actors implied in this die have been described. The constraints and the assets related to the development of the urban truck farming were raised. The wastewater comes from various origins (households, market, health centres,...) and have significant levels of BOD5 (10 to 360 mg O2 /l), COD (15 to 601 mg O2 /l), Fecal Coliform (5025 UFC/100ml to 3 x 106 UFC/100ml), Fecal Streptococci (1960 UFC/100ml to 138 000 UFC/100ml). Variable rates of cysts of protozoa (Entamoeba hystolotica and Giardia sp) and eggs of helminths were detected in this water. The reuse of wastewater has for corollary the emergence of waterborne diseases such as intestinal amebiasis which as well assigns the actors engaged in this die as the population in general independently of sex, age or social status. Many practices and many risk behaviors contribute to the spread of waterborne diseases. Despite the risk of waterborne diseases, this activity contributes significantly to food security, strengthening the economic potential, development of urban space in short to improve conditions and the framework of life of the categories of actors involved in this activity in particular and population in general. Actions economically viable, socially acceptable and ecologically sustainable are to be implemented by State or NGO in order to reduce the negative aspects and strengthen the positive aspects of this multipurpose activity.