Immigrants in the Canadian Labor Market: Double Jeopardy for non-Westerners?
Based on Canadian census microdata, this paper analyzes income inequality between native-born Canadians and immigrants from developing countries as well as discrimination against immigrants in the labor market. Our results clearly show that there is a disparity in income between the native-born and non-Western immigrants and that this disparity results from differences in characteristics between the three groups and unobservable factors, such as discrimination. Deskilling of immigrants is unequally distributed according to their origin.