The development of Abidjan's urban structure has been severely controlled by many successive plans. It has been realized with a massive investment of the Government in the production of public housing. Using informations collected during a research on public housing in Abidjan, we try to demonstrate how the public housing policy has served the development and the organization of Abidjan's urban structure. The demonstration will state that the production of public housing has effectively organized the differenciation of the social areas in Abidjan.