This text focuses on the obstacles to development in Acadia, discussed in terms of territorial governance and mobilization of actors. Territorial development is based on the capacity of local and extralocal actors to organize and federate around common projects. Therefore, we are using case studies to underline the key role that three forms of collective organizations (local governments, cooperatives and not-for-profit [NPO] organizations) play. One of the most striking aspects of the cases studied is the importance of the links between these various organizations. However, several parameters of the planning and development of the territory escape the local collectives, in conjunction with important centralisation of powers. However, alternative approaches are emerging. We conclude by advocating greater integration of the principles of sustainable development in territorial projects in Acadia.