Québec is a distinct society within Canada, not only due to its language but also because of its culture. In particular, it has its own legal culture. While the other provinces have a common law system, Québec’s private sector is subject to a civil law system. The preservation of this distinct legal system is not the sole responsibility of the government. Contract translators have a role to play as well. However, many of them do not realize it, and restrict themselves to translating literally the common law concepts they encounter, which is particularly straightforward thanks to the normalization of the common law vocabulary, in both English and French. This source-oriented approach may have adverse consequences. From a purely material point of view, it could result in a significant cost for one of the parties in the event of a dispute, since no one knows what meaning the Québec court will give to the common law terms, which in most cases have a different meaning or simply do not exist in the civil law system. From a political point of view, contracts translated with a source-oriented approach contribute to the legal acculturation of Québec. Indeed, if common law terms are used in Québec contracts, they will sooner or later make their way to the everyday language, to the detriment of the civil law vocabulary. To avoid being involved in the destruction of Québec’s legal system, one must take a target-oriented approach. Instead of merely translating literally the common law concepts, the contract translator must search for a functional equivalent in the civil law vocabulary. The French version surely will not be a formal mirror of the English version, but it is better that way since the legal system is not the same in Québec as in the other Canadian provinces.