The main objective of this study was to assess the link between poor household waste management practices and environmental diseases such as malaria, acute respiratory infections (ARI) and diarrhea. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 150 selected households in two precarious neighborhoods, a modest and a residential neighborhood. Geographical coordinates of waste near homes have been identified. Descriptive statistical analysis was applied to the data. The results show that more than half of heads of households are out of school (51 %), of which 67 % are women compared to 49 % men. And that 60 % of households dump solid waste on the street while 48 % dump sewage. In addition, morbidity has a high prevalence rate of 66 %, with malaria at the top (48 %), followed by ARI (28 %) and diarrhea (9 %). Malaria and diarrhea are negatively correlated with education and positively with poor waste management practices. Neighborhoods with the highest rates of wild dumpsites are Derrière-Rails (43 %) and Schneider (25 %). These neighborhoods also have the highest prevalence rates of malaria 88 % and 82 %, respectively for Derrière-Rails and Schneider. With regard to the IRA, it seems to affect more individuals at the university level (77 %) as well as the inhabitants of the Résidentiel district (88 %).