This paper highlights the tensions that stem from the language-nationalism link in Acadian New Brunswick with regards to immigration policies and to the integration of francophone immigrants. It shows that the Acadian activist associations legitimize immigration through a modernist ideology of the nation that makes French language the main collective marker of identity. However, through the accounts of francophone immigrants, I identify two contradictions with respect to this linguistic nationalism: first, sharing a language does not necessarily imply a strong involvement in the “cause” of the minority; second, to be included as an Acadian, elements of legitimacy and solidarity other than language come into play.