The aim of this article is twofold. On the one hand, it proposes to expose two blind spots in literary translation in Canada. The first blind spot is empirical in nature: there is no complete, up to date repertory of the Canadian literary works that have been translated from and into the two official languages. The second is theoretical in nature: in 1977, Philip Stratford remarked on the absence of a tradition of literary translation in Canada. Now, more than thirty years later the situation has likely evolved. However, no major study has called into question Stratford’s assertion. Furthermore, no researcher has attempted to define just what is meant by a “tradition of literary translation in Canada.” On the other hand, after having explored these blind spots that, from several points of view, are difficult to comprehend in a context of official bilingualism, this article proposes to (i) define the idea of “tradition”; (ii) examine the hypothesis that since 1980 several conflicting traditions of literary translation in Canada have emerged; (iii) formulate a series of methodological questions for the analysis of their emergence, evolution and, perhaps, decline; (iv) underscore the importance of bibliographies in identifying new quantitative and qualitative avenues of research in the area of Translation Studies.