A new public health issue in Canada
Worldwide, between 48 and 500 million individuals are affected by suicide every year. In Canada alone, 4,000 individuals die yearly by suicide, meaning that a substantial portion of the population must cope with the traumatic and complex aftermath of suicide. This paper discusses the emergence of suicide bereavement as a public health issue following the decriminalization of attempted suicide in 1972. The role of key structures, including the courts, the constitution, and special interest groups, that have shaped suicide and suicide bereavement policy in Canada are examined. Health outcomes associated with suicide bereavement are reviewed, as well as the need for intervention. Emerging areas of suicide policy where guidance is needed are also discussed, as are the need for upstream, midstream, and downstream approaches to suicide bereavement intervention.