Assessing indicators of runoff and erosion risks by infiltrometer tests in the Rheraya catchment (High Western Atlas, Morocco)
The objective of this study was to investigate the risks of runoff and erosion of soils in the Rheraya catchment (High Atlas, Morocco) using infiltrometer tests on 1 m2 plots. We were looking for indicators that are easily obtained directly from field observations (ground surface features) or by laboratory tests (aggregate stability, soil texture and organic matter), and are well correlated with infiltrability and turbidity measurements from the infiltrometer tests. For the various soils present in the study area, the results show a large variability of infiltrability values (from 1 to 70 mm·h-1) and turbidity (from 1.5 to 325 g·L-1). The turbidity was correctly measured thanks to the development of a new runoff collector that doesn’t disturb the soil. Although runoff and erosion are the result of interactions among many parameters, some of these appear to be dominant in our case. The measurements show that the infiltrability was correlated mainly with texture and soil surface opening, whereas turbidity was related to the surface of bare soil that was exposed to runoff. These indicators may be used to determine the spatialization of potential erosion in the Rheraya catchment.