This article addresses the following question: how should carbon pricing revenues be distributed in Quebec and Canada? For example, should dividends be paid back to households or should these revenues rather be used to accelerate the energy transition? Which principles should guide the distribution of the funds generated by carbon pricing? In response to these questions, the article targets the key avenues to ensure an optimal distribution of revenues in Quebec and Canada, taking into account regional particularities. To do so, it puts forward an analytical framework based on three variables: economic fairness, social acceptability, and greenhouse gas emission reduction. The article highlights the importance of these three variables in the formulation of carbon pricing policies, thus allowing to model carbon pricing mechanisms in a way that is fair, while ensuring political support to such mechanisms in different political contexts.