The concept of judicial independence can be considered as the systemic foundation of judicial immunity. First, the author addresses the formal bases, the aims, and the field of application of judicial independence. In principle, the latter implies a certain amount of irresponsibility from the judge. The province of Quebec, in line with the Anglo-Saxon tradition, fosters an absolute judicial immunity. Moreover, through a well-established jurisprudence, this concept has been subject to a contemporary debate with regards to the amendments that this legal principle should undergo. The author deals with this issue in a second part.