Despite the fact that performance management has been widely adopted in public organizations across the western world, the implementation and institutionalization of this practice remain problematic. The aim of this study is to analyze, using the theoretical approaches of deviance and organizational change, the main difficulties and resistances that emerge during the change process and the factors that limit or reduce internal and organizational resistances. A case study, conducted in a French public organization, enabled a deeper understanding of the dynamic of organizational deviances and the factors that influence it.