The models of social intervention and sociocultural community development have for characteristics to start from diagnoses and current situations with the aim of developing projects, action plans, devices of support and programming to find the most adapted solutions to the difficulties which individuals and communities meet. Yet, in postcolonial situation, marked by vernacular and informal structures and formal ones imported from the metropolis, one can observe within the strategies used in the sociocultural field tensions relative to institutional conflicts mixing with partisan conflicts and to interprofessional conflicts doubled by interpersonal conflicts. The authors wonder in this article about the signification of sociocultural community development and social intervention in societies in transition as well as on the way sociocultural community developers and social actors contribute to the search for meaning within these societies.