1829 marks the beginning of the reorganization of the local power structure in rural Québec. This reorganization occurs at a time when the influence of the traditional élites, seigneurs and clergy is contested. Besides a struggle between these élites and the ascending local bourgeoisie in the parishes, analysis of the social composition of the power structure in Deschambault and Saint-Casimir suggests a rivalty between villagers and rural dwellers. The economy of the two parishes limits the peasants power. The merchants of Saint-Casimir control the parish's municipal affairs, thus reflecting the dependence of the rural community of the parish upon them.