While translation in Canada has long been subordinated to history and the policies of bilingualism, it only became an academic discipline in its own right in the 1970s. In its early days, translator training took center stage as can be seen from the multitude of training manuals published at the time. Reflections on translation history, theory and criticism began to emerge in the 1990s alongside the consolidation, on the international scene, of Translation Studies as a full-fledged discipline. Translation Studies evolved in Canada with the reinforcement of the theoretical component in the different Master’s level programs and the opening of doctoral programs. The creation of the Canadian Association for Translation Studies and the publication of its journal, TTR, sealed the autonomy of the discipline. An analysis of the books published by Canadian translation scholars between 1970 and 2017 will reveal major research interests and their evolution.