Beyond Linguistic Mediation: the Interpreter’s Role in the Negotiation of Treaties signed with Canada’s First Nations (1850-1923)
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the role of interpreters during the negotiation of land surrender treaties signed with Canada’s First Nations from 1850 to 1923. Firstly, the context of the negotiations is examined and some preliminary information about the interpreters is provided. The role of interpreters includes the functions of “negotiator”, “informant” and “advisor”, going beyond simple linguistic mediation. Secondly, we present some theoretical considerations to conceive of interpreting as an instrument of assimilation and resistance, as well as a vehicle for transmitting values and not just content. By acknowledging and analyzing the power of the interpreter to become “visible” and intervene deliberately in the exchange, we are able to define interpreting as a social, cultural and ideological act.