The founding of Québec in 1608 contributed directly to the future establishment and colonisation of New Orleans. Both became major centres of their respective hinterlands before yielding their position to cities enjoying a more favored position relative to the technology of the day. As their importance diminished, the old historic districts of Vieux-Carré and Vieux-Québec were allowed to waste away. Interest in renewing historical landscapes of the past resulted in major transformations of these urban vestiges of French America, not all of which are successful. Vieux-Québec remains a symbol of the past and present and of a living culture, but for how long? Vieux-Carré provides an excellent example of the appropriation of culture for commercial ends.