This paper strives to identify the barriers to Organizational Innovations (OI). Through six case studies of French manufacturing firms which have adopted an OI such as Lean Management, I gather multi-actor perceptions on the barriers to OI, and distinguish the different phases of this process. The results obtained provide a ranking of barriers and highlight that internal ones, particularly those linked to human resources, are the most important, even more than costs of innovation and difficulties in funding. I show that barriers can become “managerial stimulants” and dress some recommendations for firms and public actors who support OI projects.