In this article, we evaluate the degree of congruence between common ecosystem services mapping methods and plant composition in the peri-urban context of the Île-de-France’ green belt. First, we use a proxy-based mapping method, based on land cover data, and, second, we use more accurate mapping models for seven ecosystem services. Then, we extract the values from 252 sites where we conducted botanical surveys. A cluster analysis of the three data helps us comparing typologies. The level of congruence is low. Ecosystem services mapping in peri-urban areas reveals generic functions and practices (i.e. carbon sequestration, recreation activity) in relation with general land cover types (forest, arable land), which are poorly representatives of local landscapes and practices.