What is negative red/positive blue chakra? Ok, so when Killer B was teaching Naruto the tailed beast bomb rasengan thing he mentioned the negative red chakra and the positive blue chakra. What does that mean? I thought there was only one type of chakra..

They haven't mentioned any negative or positive chakra before have they? Then what is it?
At first I found your question really confusing, but while answering another question I figured out the answer for this one.



In the manga, Yin Release, which is a type of chakra nature, was depicted as black but red in the anime.

In the manga, Yang Release, another chakra nature, was depicted as white but blue in anime.

Yin Release:


  
  can be used to create form out of nothingness
  genjutsu falls under the broad category of Yin Release.
  Yin chakra is also part of the tailed beasts' chakra.
  Yin Release can be used offensively when combined with senjutsu. However, it is unknown what exact role the Yin Release fulfils in said technique.
  


Yang Release:


  
  can be used to breathe life into form.
  Yang chakra is also part of the tailed beasts' chakra.
  Whenever Naruto is in Nine-Tails Chakra Mode, Wood Release techniques react to the Yang chakra's vitalising properties and mature into full-grown trees within a matter of seconds, either through contact or close proximity.
  


Positive/Negative Chakra:


It's another differentiation in chakra, but it's not the same as Yin-Yang.
Black/Red chakra, Yin Release, is negative.
White/blue chakra, Yang Release, is positive.
The Bijuu Bomb is made from combining negative and positive chakra, not Yin and Yang.




Also, there is not just one chakra type.