Difference between 10bit 4:2:2 and 10bit display panels I'm a bit confused regarding color in bits.

I know of two color "types":
Many more expansive displays offer 10-bit panels with 1 billion, instead of 16 million different colors.

Better video cameras use 10-bit 4:2:2 subsampling to save storage space by only giving 4 color values, for 8 pixels.

Are those two different types of color-types?
Or how does one translate to the other?

Thanks!
The bit depth and the sub-sampling method are related but different parameters of the imaging system. As you noted, the bit depth determines how many different colors the system can display. The more colors that can be imaged, the closer to reality the image looks. You also get fewer quantizing artifacts.

The sub-sampling method is a form of compression. Human vision is less sensitive to colors than it is to luminance, or black/gray/white, information. By only sampling some pixels for color, the system saves data by trading off some resolution.

(You should note that the "better film cameras" you reference in your question probably use 4:4:4 sub-sampling and better/professional video equipment use 4:2:2.)

You can have any combination of bit depth and sub-sampling. So a system can be, among other possible configurations:


8-bit 4:2:2
8-bit 4:4:4
10-bit 4:2:2
10-bit 4:4:4