clipboard not working after Security Update EDIT: The update had the Security and Privacy icon (steel home with vault lock), while the last installed update (2017-001) has the High Sierra icon. So may not be 2017-001. Yet this is the last installed update.
So Installed the security update 2017-001 for mac OS X High Sierra on a MacBook Air 13&quot; 2016 and my clipboard is broken now. Update 10.13.1 is installed.
I am admin. It is systemwide (except for GarageBand). The following were tested:

reset
check the 'V' and cmd button work and use the menu option.
echo &quot;hello&quot; | pbcopy; pbpaste
disable CopyClip app at start-up
enable guest user, log-in as them
safe mode
killing and pkilling pboard process (sudo too). Actually using paste kills the process anyway (the launch daemon reloads it).
freeing HDD memory as it was getting very low. Now 10/256 GB.
zapped P-RAM
reset SMC
removed as many launch agents as possible
snooped in /private/tmp

It works in recovery mode —I do not have time machine enabled or the spare memory to backup ATM.
 Launch control status –6
The best lead I have is an abort signal for the launch control:
 $ launchctl list | grep pboard
 1234 -6 com.apple.pboard
 $ id -u
 501
 $ launchctl debug gui/501/com.apple.pboard
 Configuration failed: 150: System integrity Protection is enabled 

That is the launch deamon cannot start it (-6). In recovery mode, where it works, the status is 0. System integrity protection was always enabled.
The pasteboard service (pbs) has a normal status. Dragging text works (no idea of what that service is). Another user (see below) has Sys' int' prot' disabled and has a copy paste issue.
Update environment
This section is here solely in the offchance someone has the same problem and happens to have the system similarly configured.
The install of the update was only slightly odd as in it did not ask to reset the machine. After accepting the update request, I proceeded to shut down stuff and Matlab was crashed. The terminal was ssh'ed into a pi and office and pycharm were open.
The previous time the machine crashed was the day before with Kerbal, a videogame that does not really work on an Air.
On the update to HighSierra my Office had the unicode bug, which was fixed by a reinstall. After which all worked fine.  My Office 365 was first a pirate version then a legitimate version.
Other Microsoft related stuff are Parallels with Win 10 (untouched in months) and Paragon.
Last launch control tinkering I did was to get a NFC card reader to work.
CopyClip is an clipboard extension app.
I had a similar situation, though it was caused by a sudden power-down in my case. Copy did not work in any of the apps I tried - viewing clipboard showed it to be empty. Restarting or logging out and logging in did not help. After several hours I stumbled onto an answer, which helped me.

In short, run in Terminal command, which rebuilds a cache of shared system services.

sudo update_dyld_shared_cache


Probably I restarted my Mac after that.