Preview accessing closed files (El Cap 10.11.3) on El Cap (I noticed this since upgrade to 10.11.3) Preview keeps accessing closed PDF files, which means I cannot empty the trash.  In fact the problem exists even if Preview is not running.  I open a file, close Preview and the file, trash it, try to empty the trash and I get 'the file is in use'.  Just now:

:~$ lsof .Trash/tutorial-strata.pdf
COMMAND     PID      USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF      NODE NAME
Preview   62216 me  txt    REG    1,4   196236 109606954 .Trash/tutorial-strata.pdf
QuickLook 71216 me  txt    REG    1,4   196236 109606954 .Trash/tutorial-strata.pdf


(as you might notice Quicklook wanted some of the action despite the fact I did not activate a preview of the file).  How can I stop this most annoying behaviour?

#

following GhostLyrics' suggestion I run:

:~$ ps -ef|grep Prev
  501  2411     1   0 12:00am ??         0:08.49 /Applications/Preview.app/Contents/MacOS/Preview -psn_0_28633933
  501  2412     1   0 12:00am ??         0:00.01 /Applications/Preview.app/Contents/XPCServices/com.apple.Preview.TrustedBookmarksService.xpc/Contents/MacOS/com.apple.Preview.TrustedBookmarksService
  501 16880 57035   0 12:36pm ttys000    0:00.00 grep Prev


so Preview is still running in the background despite the fact it is not open (according to the Dock):



Hence it looks like that preview is not actually closing properly for some reason or another....
Are you sure that Preview is indeed not running as opposed to not visible? (CMD+W vs. CMD+Q)

As for an image explaining what I mean, refer to this: http://geek-and-poke.com/geekandpoke/2013/8/24/the-one-and-only-difference-between-os-x-and-windows



Update: 

example output for non-running Preview:

ps -ef|grep Prev
502 46649 46541   0  8:58PM ttys000    0:00.00 grep Prev


example for running Preview:

ps -ef|grep Prev
502 46655     1   0  8:58PM ??         0:01.16 /Applications/Preview.app/Contents/MacOS/Preview -psn_0_11016833
502 46656     1   0  8:58PM ??         0:00.01 /Applications/Preview.app/Contents/XPCServices/com.apple.Preview.TrustedBookmarksService.xpc/Contents/MacOS/com.apple.Preview.TrustedBookmarksService
502 46661 46541   0  8:58PM ttys000    0:00.00 grep Prev