Any Pdfinfo -terminal tool in OS X? I am trying to find any default tool in OS X by which you can see in Terminal the encodinf of a pdf file. 

You can do this visually by clicking info on the file. 

For instance, such files which have Mac OS X 10.10.2 Quartz PDFContext I want to get out of my System.
So my task is actually find those files and then find original ones and convert them correctly to right encoding via LaTeX. 

Outputs of the commands in answers

Command mdls in fd0's answer

mdls -name kMDItemEncodingApplications -raw OxfordDictionary.pdf 


gives 

(
    "3-Heights(TM) PDF Producer 2.0.5.0 (http://www.pdf-tools.com); modified using iTextSharp 5.0.0 (c) 1T3XT BVBA"


Installation of brew install Caskroom/cask/pdfinfo wants sudo so I had to reject it in my current settings. The mdls seems to work sufficiently.



How can you see the encoding of pdf-file in OS X Terminal?
Just get Xpdf 3.04 from foolabs.

If your current system is Yosemite get the precompiled binaries: xpdfbin-mac-3.04. The 64-bit installer available there doesn't work. Uncompress/Untar the tar.gz and install this binary package manually:


Copy the 64-bit executables (xpdf, pdftotext, etc.) to to /usr/local/bin.
Copy the man pages (*.1 and *.5) to /usr/local/man/man1 and
/usr/local/man/man5.
Copy the sample-xpdfrc file to /usr/local/etc/xpdfrc.  You'll
probably want to edit its contents (as distributed, everything is
commented out) -- see xpdfrc(5) for details.


Check your $PATH if the executables don't work.

If your current system is Mavericks, Mountain Lion or Lion the above-mentioned 64-bit installer should work.

Now continue like Matteo mentioned:

To extract it with pdfinfo:

pdfinfo file.pdf | grep ^Producer