Is there are tool that can store and retrieve monitor arrangements as presets? I'm working with a MacBook at different locations where monitors are then in a different positions relative to the MacBook's screen. As a result I have to rearrange the monitor setup every time I use a different workplace.

Is there a built-in way in OS X or a tool to save an arrangement and easily restore it, preferably from the menu bar?
You should try SwitchResX.  It allows you to create Display Sets defining many variables like placement relative to other displays, setting which display is the primary, etc.  Here is the Display Set page showing the options.

It even has the ability to set a keyboard shortcut to each Display Set so you can quickly switch layouts, resolutions, etc.