Accessing Apple Mail's mailboxes remotely, maybe over SSH? Because of the way my work email is set up, I currently have my Mac (at home, running Mavericks) fetching my email via POP from my work's email server. I've been able to access my email over SSH manually, going into the .mbox folders and looking at emails and attachments manually.

Is there a program I can use to access these emails in a more friendly format? (I'm not a fan of scrolling through pages of .jpeg binary blobs to get to an email.)

An additional challenge is that I'm not always going to be able to access from a mac, so I can't just mount the directory and start working with the .mbox directories that way
What I would do is first make sure you're using IMAP to connect to your email (which should be the case anyhow —— I can't think of any good reasons to use POP), then use a terminal email client such as Alpine or Mutt, both of which are easily installed with Mac Ports or Homebrew, or built yourself. 

This way, all your email will be perfectly synchronized, with iPhone, webmail, Mac Mail, Alpine, etc