Macintosh HD icon on desktop - make it open finder in desktop with toolbar? When I double click not the Macintosh HD icon on my desktop, it opens a window like so:



I would like it to open a window like so:



This is on a 2019 mbp running Mojave 10.14.6.

It is a recent update from a ~2016 mbap, where I have had that icon functioning in that desired way for many years. Also, that icon has functioned that way on my iMac at home for the past 7 years, and that's how it functions on my new home iMac (one week old). 

I've no idea why I can't get that icon on my new (work) mbp to function that way. Could it be to do with not having admin rights? I had admin rights on the 3 other machines I refer to (previous work mbp, two home imacs) whereas I don't on my new work mbp.
I think I know what the issue is here. You need to change the view settings for Finder when you're in the Macintosh HD directory that you clicked on from your desktop. I think any view settings you've set for a particular directory (i.e. Macintosh HD) is applied to the child directories you've clicked on from the same window. 

The reason a new Finder window doesn't have the issue is because by default it opens the ~/AccountName directory which had the view settings enabled for toolbar/path bar/status bar. So change the view settings when you're in Macintosh HD directory and it shouldn't have this problem in future. I've highlighted the view settings you need to enable in the screenshot below.  Let me know if this works for you.