How to get the password hashes for a user in Mac OS X 10.10+, in recovery/single user mode? I would like to view the hashes on my Mac, in either single user mode, or the terminal in recovery mode. 

I tried to follow the steps described in OS X 10.9: where are password hashes stored. But I do not see my users plist file in the /var/db... folder, but I see root, nobody, daemon, and other .plist files. How can I find these files in recovery/single user mode?

Note: The OS I would be using is either OS X Yosemite or OS X El Capitan; both would be great to know.
When booting into recovery mode, the main hard drive is mounted under /Volumes/NameOfMainVolume/ (usually /Volumes/Macintosh\ HD or "/Volumes/Macintosh HD"). So if you need to access files residing on the main drive, include that part into your access path.