Whatever bad deed done with this deed-born body is all to be experienced here In the context of the sutta below, what does the following phrase mean? - "whatever bad deed I did here in the past with this deed-born body is all to be experienced here. It will not follow along" (yaṃ kho me idaṃ kiñci pubbe iminā karajakāyena pāpakammaṃ kataṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ idha vedanīyaṃ; na taṃ anugaṃ bhavissatī’ti)

This phrase seems to apply to one who practises the Brahmaviharas.

How is it different for one who does not practise the Brahmaviharas (or the Dhamma in general, for that matter)?

What does deed-born body (karajakāya) really mean?

Also related is the phrase "A woman or a man cannot take this body with them when they go. Mortals have mind as their core." (Itthiyā vā, bhikkhave, purisassa vā nāyaṃ kāyo ādāya gamanīyo. Cittantaro ayaṃ, bhikkhave, macco.). What does this mean?

From AN 10.219:


  “What do you think, bhikkhus, if a youth were to develop the
  liberation of mind by loving-kindness (and also, compassion,
  altruistic joy and equanimity) from his childhood on, would he do a
  bad deed?”
  
  “No, Bhante.”
  
  “Could suffering affect him if he does no bad deed?” “No, Bhante. For
  on what account could suffering affect one who does no bad deed?”
  
  “A woman or a man should develop this liberation of mind by
  loving-kindness (and also, compassion, altruistic joy and equanimity).
  A woman or a man cannot take this body with them when they go. Mortals
  have mind as their core.
  
  “The noble disciple understands: ‘Whatever bad deed I did here in the
  past with this deed-born body is all to be experienced here. It will
  not follow along.’ When the liberation of mind by loving-kindness (and
  also, compassion, altruistic joy and equanimity) has been developed in
  this way, it leads to non-returning for a wise bhikkhu here who does
  not penetrate to a further liberation.
What does deed-born body (karajakāya) really mean?

It appears to mean "body born of causing".

It's a compound, e.g. kara ("causing") ja ("born of") kāya ("body").

The PTS dictionary entry for Kara includes ...


  Kara (p. 195) Kara Kara [fr. kṛ] 1. (adj.) ( -- ˚) producing, causing, forming, making, doing


... and ...


  ja "born of kamma" in karaja -- kāya the body sprung from action, an expression always used in a contemptible manner, therefore=the impure, vile, low body A v.300; J i.5; Vism 287, 404; DA i.113, 217, 221; DhA i.10; iii.420; DhsA 403. karaja -- rūpa Vism 326.


Also ...


  Ja (p. 277) Ja Ja ( -- ˚) [adj. -- suffix from jan, see janati; cp. ˚ga; gacchati] born, produced, sprung or arisen from.


So it's literally or etymologically kara-ja-kaya i.e. "body born from kara", where kara is defined as "producing, causing, forming, making, doing".

I don't see exactly why kara and kamma are being equated, but they're obviously pretty similar.

Given this translation ...


  Whatever bad deeds I have done in the past with this deed-born body I will experience here.
  yaṃ kho me idaṃ kiñci pubbe iminā karajakāyena pāpakammaṃ kataṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ idha vedanīyaṃ


... I think the literal word-for-word translation is something like ...


  Whatever my something in-the-past I have with this body-born-of-causing bad-deeds done, entirely in-this-world I will know them.


Perhaps you might as well just read it as kaya (i.e. body).

There are other bits in the sutta which just refer to body, e.g. ...


  For neither women nor men take this body with them when they go.
  Itthiyā vā, bhikkhave, purisassa  vā nāyaṃ kāyo ādāya gamanīyo.