57-584 tire and (50,60,62)-584 tube I have a tube (fits 27.5", 28" and 29"), and a 27,5" tire with the dimensions 
57-584 (27.5/2.25, 650B). But the package of the tube only shows suitability for the dimensions (27.5"):


50-584  27.5 x 2.00  650B
60-584  27.5 x 2.35  650B
62-584  27.5 x 2.40  650B


Can I use the tube for my tire? What would be possible consequences?


The tube and tire are from Schwalbe SV-19
'584', '27.5' and '650B' are all the same thing, specified in different wheel size systems.

These size wheels originated in the older French wheel size system and are called 650B (650mm being the diameter of wheel and tire). ETRTO (European Tire and Rim Technical Organization) specifies wheel rim diameters in millimeters (584mm in this case). Mountain bikers call these 27.5" (the approximate diameter of the wheel and a fat MTB tire).

The tire width specifications of your tire and the tube are given in both millimeters and inches. Tube min tire width is 50mm / 2.00", max is 62mm / 2.40"

Your tire width is 57mm / 2.25" so the tube will work with it just fine.