How fast can you go over speed breakers? so I've only recently started biking. I have a hybrid, Montra Trance Pro.

So I went pretty fast over a few speed breakers, and that made me wonder, exactly how fast can I go over a bump? The rear derailleur especially seems really vulnerable to me. Am I just overthinking this, or should I slow down?

On my old gearless cycle, I wouldn't have thought twice over going fast over a speed breaker (not fast enough to lose control), but this new bike has me a bit worried.
With a decent bike such as the one you linked to, it's not so much a question whether the bike can handle it, but it depends on how much you can handle.

How fast you can go over a bump depends a lot on your riding technique: if you are able to shift your weight in the right way you can significantly increase the speed to go over the bump. If you are able to do a bunny hop and jump over the bump, there's basically no upper speed limit. If you are worrying about the derailleur, there will be some noise from the chain clonking against the chain stay. However, a derailleur is built to handle such loads without any problems.

So yes, I guess you are overthinking this one.