Are there any aircraft where the wings are swept forward of the cockpit? Are there any aircraft where the wings are swept forward to form a C shape ahead of the cockpit? Something like this:

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I want to do a research on that kind of aircraft and there are many science fiction examples, but I wonder if there are any real-world ones? If so, what is that wing configuration called?
The closest thing from the real world that comes close to the ones you found on deviantart are &quot;Canard Aircraft&quot;

If you read about this concept you will find that it is complicated to implement it succesful.
Then most of the art employ a forward swept wing, this has some complications as well. I would suggest you read some more about the NASA X-29

As far as I know a combination of the two has never been demonstrated in real life and only exist in fiction, therefore there is no general name for as far as my knowledge goes.