Could a P-3 Orion fly off a carrier? The C-130 has proven itself eminently capable of landing on a carrier.  

When the S-2 Viking was retired, the Navy didn't really have a good replacement for anti-submarine ops - but anti-sub warfare had also fallen in importance.

Suppose there is a resurgence in need.  The Navy has an excellent ASW aircraft in its inventory; the P-3 Orion (modded L-188 Elektra).  It's not made for carrier operations, but then, neither was the C-130. 

Suppose we sort out the smaller details, like making sure the P-3 can refuel from carrier-based aircraft like the F-18 (and thus can take off and immediately tank).  This must be a rolling-on-tires operation; cat launch or tailhook recovery is out of the question. 

If the captain can guarantee 35 knot headwind, could the Orion do a "rolling on pavement" takeoff and landing off the carrier?  If needed, it can use the whole deck, obviously it would work better operationally if it could use the diagonal strip.
Well, going beyond just judging from the Electra's itty bitty stubby wings, digging around for Electra performance data I found a page that gives a takeoff distance of 1290 meters, or 4200 feet, which would most likely be the distance at sea level, standard day, max gross.  Which is what I would expect with such itty bitty stubby wings.

Even allowing for more power in the military versions, I'd say it's safe to go with no.