How many staff are needed to support aviation on an aircraft carrier? An aircraft carrier is the largest type of warship and is used to transport, operate, and maintain military aircraft. 

The staff which support aircraft in the carrier can be divided into 2 groups. 

Some "variable" staff are directly related to the aircraft operation like Pilots, the number of those staff is proportion to the number of aircraft. 

On the other hand the number of the "fixed" staff is fixed, regardless the number of aircraft, like Air Traffic Control.

How many of the 2 different types of staffs are employed? To simplify the answer, please use the biggest Nimitz-class as example.
The ship's complement for a Nimitz class carrier is 3200. That is the crew required to maintain ship operations.

A further 2480 crew comprise the Air Wing - everyone needed to perform duties directly associated with flying activities, including maintenance, ordnance handling, emergencies, etc. It's treated as a separate entity because any one of ten Air Wings could be embarked on a carrier at any given time.

That is a total crew of 5680.

I couldn't find a breakdown of specific trades or ranks for either entity.

Source: Wikipedia

Note that the newer Gerald R. Ford class carriers make extensive use of automation, and so have several hundred fewer crew members in the ship's complement.