What are accurate flight simulation models called? Is there a standard model? I'm risking a question that might be "opinion based", but I hope it will not be seen as that.

This question is touched upon in the following questions:

What are the differences between PC and professional simulators?

Is this opinion on personal computer flight simulators too strict or is it actually true?

What are the limitations of the aerodynamics modelling used in flight simulators?

However, they fail to answer what I'm asking here, even if some particular things are discussed, such as stating that the coefficients are a mixture of CFD, wind tunnel data and flight test data, or that gust loads can be modeled with Markov matrices. However, no flight model package or system is named that I could see.

For racing simulators, or car simulators, simulators that are accurate are sometimes referred to as Milliken &amp; Pacejka or "Pacejka-like", depending on the particular implementation. This appears to be a reference model that many simulators are compared against. I'm not a tyre simulator expert, so forgive me if I just said something that is stupid.

What about flight simulation? The flight model part of the simulator, is there a "gold standard", that is typically used with most respectable simulators?

Flight simulator games often talk about the "flight model" and describe it as accurate. While I can easily imagine that this flight model is based on some simplification of Navier-stokes, 

I have software background myself, and although I didn't write a flight simulator myself yet, I understand the need to simplify, and that no simulation will ever be 100% accurate. All models will inherently have various trade-offs and make some sort of sacrifices. However, that doesn't mean there isn't a relatively accepted way of performing such simulation.

I'm not asking for an opinion based answer, "this model is the best". I'm certainly not asking for a list of "the best" flight simulators. I'm curious what underlying flight model is used -- that said, I wouldn't mind one or two examples of "this famous model described in the following academic paper, is used in flight simulator X and Y".

Basically, I'm simply curious if, in the industry, a typical model or small set (a couple) of models are considered either the actual "gold standard" or more of a de facto standard.

If there is no such thing, that pretty much every flight simulator does it differently, then I'll accept that as an answer. If there is a small set of terms that everyone in the industry is familiar with, I'd love to know then. It would let me easily search up papers that describe these systems.

I'll also accept an answer that lists an overview paper on the challenges of accurate flight simulation on modern computer systems.
14 CFR Part 60 regulates what constitutes a Flight Simulator Training Device (FSTD) for a particular aircraft model. FSTD is divided into two broad categories: Full Flight Simulators (FFS) and Flight Training Devices (FTD). A big difference between the two categories is FFS requires having motion cues, whereas motion cue is optional on FTD. Furthermore, the required accuracy of simulated flight dynamics (compared to flight test results) is much more stringent for FFS than is for FTD.

Each FFS and FTD is further divided into qualification levels (Level A to D for FFS, Level 4 to 6 for fixed-wing FTD). The higher the level, the more fidelity the simulator has to the actual aircraft. You may only get credit for Part 61 if you get training on the simulators with the appropriate levels for the systems/flight phases you are working with. 

The simulator manufacturer must submit a Qualification Test Guide to the FAA to demonstrate that the simulator is good enough on aerodynamic model, flight deck, visual system, motion cue, sound system for the appropriate level.

Anyone can make a flight simulator, to any arbitrary level of fidelity; but making a flight simulator good enough for the FAA is hard and expensive. Read this for a more in-depth but lay-man explanation of the different qualification levels.