(For example) [AA batteries](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AA_battery) are available as rechargeable and non-rechargeable variants.

As they are of identical construction, you have to read the tiny text on the battery to find out if they are rechargeable or not. Many producers do a great job in making it hard to find this information.

What would be good ways to make it easy for users to differentiate these two types of batteries?

Color? Haptics (like corrugated facing)? Symbol? What else?

Bonus points for accessibility (for illiterate and visually impaired users) and internationalization (tourists buying/using batteries with unknown language labels).

User’s main intent would be the question "May I put these batteries into the recharger?". 

One time I observed a user having problems with his cableless telephone. He complained that the battery was dead although the phone was on the charging station for the whole day. He opened the phone, checked right positioning of the batteries, he even [blew](https://gaming.stackexchange.com/q/15044/30863) into it. But he didn’t recognize that he was mistakenly using non-rechargeable batteries.