Is this how modes work? Lets say I want to do a 2 5 1 in C. So can I play any major version of the modes (Ionian, Lydian #4, Lydian Aug, Ionian Aug, Maj Pent, Maj Blues, or Augmented - 1#235#57) over the all the chords or just the major ones? Or would chords like Dmin7b5 use dorian, aeolian, phyrgian, etc and play mixoldian or dominant scales over dominant chords? So instead of basic Cmaj scale I could phrygian it up with a descending melody adding flatted 2 3 6 7 notes over Dmin7 or have Mixolydian flat 6 playing over G7 (CDEFGAbBb) with an ascending melody?

If I wanted to could I use a C augmented with a 7th or a  altered dominant G7 with a b5 as chords? Or with the Dmin7 and phygian could I change the chord and change the 5 to flat even if it has a second in it? Also how would polytonal chords change this? 