What is Phantom Power & Why Do I Need It?
Phantom Power is a term given to the process of delivering DC (Direct Current) to microphones requiring electric power to drive active circuitry. Condenser microphones such as Shure’s KSM range all have active circuitry and require phantom power.
How Does Phantom Power Work?
The power can be provided by a battery located inside of the mic; an example is the Shure PG81 (now discontinued) that operates from a single AA battery. Alternatively (and most commonly) the DC power is provided by the pre-amp/mixer and delivered to the condenser microphone via the mic cable. This method is referred to as phantom power. The worldwide standard for phantom power is 11 to 52 volts of DC (typical studio mics run on 48v). Your preamp will typically have a button labelled 48v, which allows you to turn this on/off. However, some older mixers and cheaper audio interfaces may not have phantom power. In this case, an external phantom power supply can be added between the condenser mic and the preamp.
Will Phantom Power Damage My Dynamic Mics?
A dynamic microphone, like the SM58, does not require phantom power because it does not have active electronics inside. Nonetheless, applying phantom power will not damage other microphones in the vast majority of cases. The reason is that modern dynamic microphones are designed to accept phantom power without issues, but we advise checking your manual or consulting with the manufacturer first before connecting; particularly if you have a ribbon microphone.
Additionally, it’s a good idea to turn phantom power off while plugging and unplugging microphones to prevent any potential power surge and general pops and loud noises, which could damage your speakers/headphones over time .
Why Is It Called Phantom Power?
Condenser microphones made in the 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s required a special power supply to operate. This power supply would often be located quite near the microphone and was usually large, heavy, and cumbersome. In the 1960s, work began on a new powering concept that would eliminate the need for a separate power supply.
Hi, Bill! Thanks for reaching out. Our support team can assist with this question. You can reach them at support@shure.com or by calling (312) 736-6006.
So I don’t need to activate Phantom-power on my mixer if I am using a wireless system which operates on batteries?
Hi Terence, thanks for your question. You don’t need phantom power with wireless mics. Equally, activating it won’t do any harm to your system. Phantom power is used to send a small amount of power back through the XLR cable to power condenser microphones and other devices that require such power – for example, some active DI’s will accept phantom power. I hope this helps.
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