Purpose: The problem tree is a great tool for going beyond the superficial causes, effects and symptoms in order to identify the root causes and effects. This helps to ensure that we work on solving the real issues and that we properly understand what effects these problems have on the user.
How-to: Start by defining the original problem in the middle of the tool. Moving out from the centre towards the left hand side of the page, note down the first layer of causes for the problem - don't forget to draw lines to link them to the problem and other causes where appropriate. Moving further left, write down what causes these problems and continue until you have filled the left side. Next, do the same to the right hand side of the page but instead note down what the effects are of the problem and what consequences these effects have until the right hand side of the page is also filled.