Kidneys are bean-shaped organs, each about the size of your fist. They are located near the middle of your back just below the rib cage, one on each side of the spine. The Kidneys are sophisticated trash collectors. Every day your kidneys process about 200 quarts of blood to sift out about 2 quarts of waste products and extra water. The wastes and extra water become urine, which flows to your bladder through tubes called ureters. Your bladder stores urine until you go to the bathroom.
A kidney stone is a solid piece of material that form in a kidney out of substances in the urine. Kidney stone may be as small as a grain of sand or as a pearl. stone are even as big as golf balls. Stones may be smooth or jagged. They are usually yellow or brown.
A stone may stay in the kidneys or break loose and travel down the urinary tract. A small stone may pass all the way out of the body without causing too much pain.
A larger stones may get stuck in a ureter the bladder or the urethra A problem stones can block the flow of urine and cause great pain.
A person with a Family history of Kidney stones may be more likely to develop stones. Urinary tract infections Kidney disorders such as cystic kidney disorders such as cystic kidney diseases. and certain metabolic disorders such as hyperparathyroidism are also linked to stone formations.
Other causes of kidney stones are hyperuricosuria which is a disorder of uric acid metabolism: gout: excess intake of vitamin D: urinary tract infections: drinking less fluids and blockage of the urinary tract. Certain diuretics commonly called water pills and calcium-based antacids may increase the risk of forming kidney stones by increasing the amount of calcium in the urine.
If a doctor suspects Stones, diagnosis is usually confirmed via a special CT scan, an ultrasound or a special X-ray test.
Specialists evaluate each patient’s need for stone treatment and recommend measures to prevent additional stones from forming. Watchful waiting is the most common treatment .As most stone ore small enough to puss on their own. Your doctor holy recommend a variety of treatment options depending on type and locations of stones. Your doctor will recommend a treatment course that best fits with your individual situation and disease.
This procedure is the usual treatment to remove stone about 1 centimeter or smaller. The stones ore shattered by way of applying external shocks. The fragmented stones pass through the Urine. Some stone may not shatter completely and may require another treatment. Most patients resume normal activity in a few days, but it may take months for all stone fragments to pass.
If the kidney stone is very large, a surgeon may remove it through a small incision in the back using a nephroscope. The procedure, percutaneous nephrolithotomy, is performed using general anesthesia Patients usually stay in the hospital for one to two days with additional recovery time of one to two weeks.
This procedure is used to remove stones that are lodged in a ureter and is usually preformed on an outpatient basis while the patient is sedated with general or local anesthesia. The surgeon passes a small ureteroscope through the bladder into the ureter the stone. In some cases, the surgeon will shatter the stone using a Laser or a technique called electrohydraulic lithography.
Follow these dietary guidelines to prevent kidney stones.
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