Ñabbu carotooɗo e hendu sabobinta ɗum ko bikkon tokoson gonooɗi e hendu te ne mbaawi yahde to woɗɗi, ne mbaawi kadi wuurde ko ɓóóyi.  Sifaa ñabbu nguuɗoo noon ene heɓa yimɓe ɓee e jawdi ndii. Ñabbu ngu ene waawi wonde wiris, bakteri e ko nandi heen, kañum noon ene waawi raaɓondireede e foofde, haalde, ɗojjude, islude, pundi, fuufde ndiyam, yuppude ndiyam e taarorde e kala ko waawi sarde bikkon tokoson.

Sahaa bikkon tokoso carotooɗi ene mbaawi ɓuutnude kine, daande, e jofe, ene mbaawi kadi addude cadeele ɗojjo, daande muusore, e goɗɗe maale mbaawdi jaggude ɓalndu nduu fof. 

Ñabbuuji keewɗi ene caroo e hendu haa ndaaɓondiree hono: korona, "measles" "morbillivirus", amumal; tiberkiloos, "influenza virus", "enterovirus," "norovirus". Won heen keewaani saraade e hendu kene ene waawi wonde, hono “adenovirus” e kala ko nanngata poofaali.Sifaa ñabbu nguuɗoo sene safree, ene heewi ko gooto fof e jofe ɗiɗe ɗee cafretee safaaro hoore mum, safaaro ceerndaaɗo.

Teskinaade 
Ñabbuuji ɓiyeteedi “airborne” ko ñabbuji daabondirteeɗi e carugol e hendu. Ñabbuuji ɗii ene mbaawi ummaade e ndiyam ngummii ɗam e ɓalndu neɗɗo ñawɗo walla jawdi ñaw ndi, walla salte hono mbalti. Mikorobuuji gaddooɗi ñabbu nguu ene mbiyee kadi "pathogens". Pathogen woni bikkon tokkoson ɓaawde andude ñaw. Aɗe mbaawi sariraade e ko wiyetee "aerosols" (ko fuufetee e hendu), pundi walla ndiyam walla kala ko ilata, ngannduɗaa ene waawi heddaade e hendu ndu ko ɓooyi haa waawi yahde to woɗɗi. Yeru, so neɗɗo islii, islaagno makko ene waawi yahde haa ko foti no njuuteendi oto biis. 

Foofde mikorobuuji e bakteriiji cariiɗi e hendu ene heewi ɓuutnude e andande cadeele terɗe poofaali. Bikkon tokoson gummotooɗi e polisiyoo hendu njeyaaka e ko addata ñabbuuji carotooɗi e hendu jaggooje yimɓe, kono noon polisiyoo hendu ene weeɓna heɓde ñabbuuji gummotooɗi e bikkon tokoson carotooɗi e hendu hono aasma.  Wiyaama bikkon tokoson gonooɗi e hendu ene mbaawi addude caɗeele e jofe sabu ene mbaawi ɓuutnude to hendu poofaali rewata ɗoo.

Ñabbuuji carotooɗi e hendu ene mbaawi heɓde kadi jawdi ndi. Yéru, ñabbu “Newcastle” ko ñaw winderewal nangoowo jawdi galle hono geertooɗe e cólli, te ko e hendu ñabbu nguu rewata.

No Raabirta 
So neɗɗo celludo foofii bikkon tokoson gonɗe e hendu ndu walla so ɗe naatii e gite, hunuko, walla hinere jóómum tan o ñawat. Wanaa alaa e sago maa neɗɗo celluɗo ɓaɗoo neɗɗo mo sellaani walla o wonda e makko e nder suudu wóóturu nde o raaɓaamo ñabbu nguu. Nguléeki e ɓuuɓól gonooɗi boowal e gonooɗi e nder neɗɗo fof ene mbaawi yantude e daaɓondiral ñabbuuji carotooɗi e hendu. Hol heen geɗe goɗɗe baawɗe sarde bikkon tokoson hono heendu, toɓo, jikkuuji yimɓe ɓe e waasde laaɓal.

 Caggal dille weeyo, bikkon tokoson gonooɗe e hendu ndu ngustoto; so balɗe ɗe keewaani njawtii, bikkon tokoson kon ɓeyɗoo haa keewa no feewi,  so pondaama e potal maɓɓe so dille weeyo alaa.
 Geɗe paatuɗi e rendo e faggudu ("Socioeconomics") keewani yantude e daaɓgol ñabbuuji carotooɗi e hendu. Ñabbuuji carotooɗi e hendu ko e gure mawɗe ɗee ɓurata yaawde raaɓóndireede gure dow ɗee walla gure taariiɗi gure mawde ɗee. Gure dow ɗee heewi tóón saraade e hendu ndu ko bikkon tokoson ɓiyeteeɗi “fungus.”
 Baɗaaɗe to heewi ndiyam hono maayo walla teeyteengal ene waawi wallude caru ñaw carotooɗo e hendu.
 Waasde toppitaade kilimatiseer no fééwi ene waawi sarde ñabbu “Legionella" "pneumophila".
 Baasal peeƴe cafrugól mojjuɗe ene waawi sabobinde ñabbuuji carotooɗi e hendu tawa njibinaa ko e nder opitaal.

Reentaade 
Hol heen geɗe baawɗi dandude e ñabbuuji carotooɗi e hendu hono fesaade, ɓoornaade mask e wóɗɗude yimɓe cikkaaɓe aɓe ngóndi e ñabbu.Wanaa alaa e sago saa baɗiima neɗɗo walla jawdi gónduɗo e ñaw carotooɗo e hendu tan a raaɓeete, sabu daaɓgól gól fawii ko e doole terɗe neɗɗo fof e potal bikkon tokoson ɗi o naatni e poofaali makko. 

Antibiyotik ene waawi huutoreede e cafrugól fuɗɗorde ñabbuuji carotooɗi e hendu hono mboros jofe “pneumonic plague”.

Anduɓe ko faati e cellal mbaajiima yimɓe yoo tiiɗno e laaɓal e góɗɗóndiral mbele daaɓondiral ñabbuuji carotooɗi e hendu ustoo.

Reentaade bikkon tokoson gaddooɗi ñabbuuji carotooɗi e hendu ene waawi wonde, kono noon so bikkon tokoson kon naati e neɗɗo haa parii alaa e sago o rafee. Geɗe baawɗe danduɗe e rafeede:

 Rentaade baɗaade neɗɗo gónduɗo e rafi.
 Ɓoornaade mask so ada yaha to héewi yimɓe
 Muɓɓude hunuko maa so ada ɗojja
 Kala fóf nde mbaaw ɗaa yaa sooɗo juuɗe maa haa laaɓa car ko ɓuri fóf famɗude yoo won leƴƴanɗe noogaas. 
 Reento memde yeeso maa walla memde yimɓe woɗɓe tawa a sooɗaaki.

References