Passage 1:
Erard II, Count of Brienne
Erard II of Brienne (died 1191) was count of Brienne from 1161 to 1191, and a French general during the Third Crusade, most notably at the Siege of Acre. He was the son of Gautier II, count of Brienne, and Humbeline Baudemont, daughter of Andrew, lord of Baudemont and Agnes of Braine.  His paternal grandparents were Erard I, Count of Brienne and Alix de Roucy. During this siege he saw his brother André of Brienne die on 4 October 1189, before being killed himself on 8 February 1191.  Erard II's nephew was Erard of Brienne-Ramerupt.
Before 1166 he married Agnès of Montfaucon († after 1186), daughter of Amadeus II of Montfaucon and of Béatrice of Grandson-Joinville.  Their children were:

Walter III of Brienne (died 1205) count of Brienne and claimant to the throne of Sicily.
William of Brienne (died 1199) lord of Pacy-sur-Armançon, married Eustachie of Courtenay, daughter of Peter I of Courtenay and Elisabeth of Courtenay.
John of Brienne (1170–1237), king of Jerusalem (1210–1225), then emperor of Constantinople (1231–1237).
Andrew
Ida of Brienne who married Ernoul of Reynel lord of Pierrefitte.
Passage 2:
John Montgomery Glover
John Montgomery Glover (September 4, 1822 – November 15, 1891) was a  North American politician, who served as a U.S. Representative from Missouri, he was the uncle of John Milton Glover.

Early life
Born in Harrodsburg, Kentucky, Glover attended the public schools in Kentucky.
He moved to Missouri in 1836 with his parents, who settled in Knox County, near Newark, and continued his schooling.
He attended Marion and Masonic Colleges, Philadelphia, Missouri.
He studied law.
He was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in St. Louis, Missouri.
He moved to California in 1850 and continued the practice of his profession.
He returned to Knox County, Missouri, in 1855 to take charge of his father's affairs.

Career
During the Civil War served as colonel of the Third Regiment, Missouri Volunteer Cavalry, beginning September 4, 1861.  His service with the regiment was in a variety of points within Missouri and Arkansas.  At various points during his service, he detached as the Commander of the District of Rolla, the Sub-District of Pilot Knob and the 2nd Brigade, Cavalry Division, Department of the Missouri.  On February 23, 1864 he tendered his resignation in Springfield, Illinois, on account of impaired health.He served as collector of internal revenue for the third district of Missouri from December 1, 1866, until March 3, 1867.
Glover was elected as a Democrat to the Forty-third, Forty-fourth, and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1873 – March 3, 1879).
He served as chairman of the Committee on Expenditures in the Department of the Treasury (Forty-fifth Congress).
He was an unsuccessful candidate for renomination in 1878.
He engaged in agricultural pursuits.
He died near Newark, Missouri, November 15, 1891.
He was interred on his farm near Newark, Missouri.
He was reinterred in Woodland Cemetery, Quincy, Illinois.
Passage 3:
Christopher H. Clark
Christopher Henderson Clark (1767 – November 21, 1828) was a congressman and lawyer from Virginia. He was the brother of James Clark, the uncle of John Bullock Clark, Sr. and the great-uncle of John Bullock Clark, Jr.

Biography
Born in Albemarle County, Virginia, Clark attended Washington College, studied law in the office of Patrick Henry and was admitted to the bar in 1788, commencing practice in New London, Campbell County, Virginia. He was a member of the Virginia House of Delegates in 1790 and was elected a Democratic-Republican to the United States House of Representatives to fill a vacancy in 1804, serving until his resignation in 1806. He resumed practicing law until his death near New London on November 21, 1828. He was interred at a private cemetery at Old Lawyers Station near Lynchburg, Virginia.

External links
United States Congress. "Christopher H. Clark (id: C000424)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
Passage 4:
John of Brienne
John of Brienne (c. 1170 – 19–23 March 1237), also known as John I, was King of Jerusalem from 1210 to 1225 and Latin Emperor of Constantinople from 1229 to 1237. He was the youngest son of Erard II of Brienne, a wealthy nobleman in Champagne. John, originally destined for an ecclesiastical career, became a knight and owned small estates in Champagne around 1200. After the death of his brother, Walter III, he ruled the County of Brienne on behalf of his minor nephew Walter IV (who lived in southern Italy).
The barons of the Kingdom of Jerusalem proposed that John marry their queen, Maria. With the consent of Philip II of France and Pope Innocent III, he left France for the Holy Land and married the queen; the couple were crowned in 1210. After Maria's death in 1212 John administered the kingdom as regent for their infant daughter Isabella II; an influential lord, John of Ibelin, attempted to depose him. John was a leader of the Fifth Crusade. Although his claim of supreme command of the crusader army was never unanimously acknowledged, his right to rule Damietta (in Egypt) was confirmed shortly after the city fell to the crusaders in 1219. He claimed the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia on behalf of his second wife, Stephanie, in 1220. After Stephanie and their infant son died that year, John returned to Egypt. The Fifth Crusade ended in failure (including the recovery of Damietta by the Egyptians) in 1221.
John was the first king of Jerusalem to visit Europe (Italy, France, England, León, Castile and Germany) to seek assistance for the Holy Land. He gave his daughter in marriage to Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II in 1225, and Frederick ended John's rule of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. Although the popes tried to persuade Frederick to restore the kingdom to John, the Jerusalemite barons regarded Frederick as their lawful ruler. John administered papal domains in Tuscany, became the podestà of Perugia and was a commander of Pope Gregory IX's army during Gregory's war against Frederick in 1228 and 1229.
He was elected emperor in 1229 as the senior co-ruler (with Baldwin II) of the Latin Empire, and was crowned in Constantinople in 1231. John III Vatatzes, Emperor of Nicaea, and Ivan Asen II of Bulgaria occupied the last Latin territories in Thrace and Asia Minor, besieging Constantinople in early 1235. John directed the defence of his capital during the months-long siege, with the besiegers withdrawing only after Geoffrey II of Achaea and united fleets from Italian towns defeated their fleet in 1236. The following year, John died as a Franciscan friar.

Early life
John was the youngest of the four sons of Count Erard II of Brienne and Agnes of Montfaucon. He seemed "exceedingly old ... about 80" to the 14-year-old George Akropolites in 1231; if Akropolites' estimate was correct, John was born around 1150. However, no other 13th-century authors described John as an old man. His father referred to John's brothers as "children" in 1177 and mentioned the tutor of John's oldest brother, Walter III, in 1184; this suggests that John's brothers were born in the late 1160s. Modern historians agree that John was born after 1168, probably during the 1170s.Although his father destined John for a clerical career, according to the late-13th-century Tales of the Minstrel of Reims he "was unwilling". Instead, the minstrel continued, John fled to his maternal uncle at the Clairvaux Abbey. Encouraged by his fellows, he became a knight and earned a reputation in tournaments and fights. Although elements of the Tales of the Minstrel of Reims are apparently invented (for instance, John did not have a maternal uncle in Clairvaux), historian Guy Perry wrote that it may have preserved details of John's life. A church career was not unusual for youngest sons of 12th-century noblemen in France; however, if his father sent John to a monastery he left before reaching the age of taking monastic vows. John "clearly developed the physique that was necessary to fight well" in his youth, because the 13th-century sources Akropolites and Salimbene di Adam emphasize his physical strength.Erard II joined the Third Crusade and died in the Holy Land in 1191. His oldest son, Walter III, succeeded him in Brienne. John was first mentioned in an 1192 (or 1194) charter issued by his brother, indicating that he was a prominent figure in Walter's court. According to a version of Ernoul's chronicle, John participated in a war against Peter II of Courtenay. Although the Tales of the Minstrel of Reims claimed that he was called "John Lackland", according to contemporary charters John held Jessains, Onjon, Trannes and two other villages in the County of Champagne around 1200. In 1201, Theobald III granted him additional estates in Mâcon, Longsols and elsewhere. Theobald's widow, Blanche of Navarre, persuaded John to sell his estate at Mâcon, saying that it was her dower.Walter III of Brienne died in June 1205 while fighting in southern Italy. His widow, Elvira of Sicily, gave birth to a posthumous son, Walter IV, who grew up in Italy. John assumed the title of count of Brienne, and began administering the county on his nephew's behalf in 1205 or 1206. As a leading vassal of the count of Champagne, John frequented the court of Blanche of Navarre, who ruled Champagne during the minority of her son, Theobald IV. According to a version of Ernoul's chronicle, she loved John "more than any man in the world"; this annoyed King Philip II of France.The two versions of Ernoul's chronicle tell different stories about John's ascent to the throne of Jerusalem. According to one version, the leading lords of Jerusalem sent envoys to France in 1208 asking Philip II to select a French nobleman as a husband for their queen, Maria. Taking advantage of the opportunity to rid himself of John, Philip II suggested him. In the other version an unnamed knight encouraged the Jerusalemite lords to select John, who accepted their offer with Philip's consent. John visited Pope Innocent III in Rome. The pope donated 40,000 marks for the defence of the Holy Land, stipulating that John could spend the money only with the consent of the Latin patriarch of Jerusalem and the grand masters of the Knights Templar and the Knights Hospitaller.

King of Jerusalem
Co-ruler
John landed at Acre on 13 September 1210; the following day, Patriarch of Jerusalem Albert of Vercelli married him to Queen Maria. John and Maria were crowned in the Cathedral of Tyre on 3 October. The truce concluded by Maria's predecessor Aimery and the Ayyubid sultan Al-Adil I had ended by John's arrival. Although Al-Adil was willing to renew it, Jerusalemite lords did not want to sign a new treaty without John's consent. During John and Maria's coronation, Al-Adil's son Al-Mu'azzam Isa pillaged the area around Acre but did not attack the city. After returning to Acre, John raided nearby Muslim settlements in retaliation.Although about 300 French knights accompanied him to the Holy Land, no influential noblemen joined him; they preferred participating in the French Albigensian Crusade or did not see him as sufficiently eminent. John's cousin, Walter of Montbéliard, joined him only after he was expelled from Cyprus. Montbéliard led a naval expedition to Egypt to plunder the Nile Delta. After most of the French crusaders left the Holy Land, John forged a new truce with Al-Adil by the middle of 1211 and sent envoys to Pope Innocent urging him to preach a new crusade.

Conflicts
Maria died shortly after giving birth to their daughter, Isabella, in late 1212. Her death triggered a legal dispute, with John of Ibelin (who administered Jerusalem before John's coronation) questioning the widowed king's right to rule. The king sent Raoul of Merencourt, Bishop of Sidon, to Rome for assistance from the Holy See. Pope Innocent confirmed John as lawful ruler of the Holy Land in early 1213, urging the prelates to support him with ecclesiastical sanctions if needed. Most of the Jerusalemite lords remained loyal to the king, acknowledging his right to administer the kingdom on behalf of his infant daughter; John of Ibelin left the Holy Land and settled in Cyprus.The relationship between John of Brienne and Hugh I of Cyprus was tense. Hugh ordered the imprisonment of John's supporters in Cyprus, releasing them only at Pope Innocent's command. During the War of the Antiochene Succession John sided with Bohemond IV of Antioch and the Templars against Raymond-Roupen of Antioch and Leo I, King of Cilician Armenia, who were supported by Hugh and the Hospitallers. However, John sent only 50 knights to fight the Armenians in Antiochia in 1213. Leo I concluded a peace treaty with the Knights Templar late that year, and he and John reconciled. John married Leo's oldest daughter, Stephanie (also known as Rita), in 1214 and Stephanie received a dowry of 30,000 bezants. Quarrels among John, Leo I, Hugh I and Bohemond IV are documented by Pope Innocent's letters urging them to reconcile their differences before the Fifth Crusade reached the Holy Land.

Fifth Crusade
Pope Innocent proclaimed the Fifth Crusade in 1213, with the "liberation of the Holy Land" (the reconquest of Jerusalem) its principal object. The first crusader troops, commanded by Leopold VI of Austria, landed at Acre in early September 1217. Andrew II of Hungary and his army followed that month, and Hugh I of Cyprus and Bohemond IV of Antioch soon joined the crusaders. However, hundreds of crusaders soon returned to Europe because of a famine following the previous year's poor harvest. A war council was held in the tent of Andrew II, who considered himself the supreme commander of the crusader army. Other leaders, particularly John, did not acknowledge Andrew's leadership. The crusaders raided nearby territory ruled by Al-Adil I for food and fodder, forcing the sultan to retreat in November 1217. In December John besieged the Ayyubid fortress on Mount Tabor, joined only by Bohemond IV of Antioch. He was unable to capture it, which "encouraged the infidel", according to the contemporary Jacques de Vitry.
Andrew II decided to return home, leaving the crusaders' camp with Hugh I and Bohemond IV in early 1218. Although military action was suspended after their departure, the crusaders restored fortifications at Caesarea and Atlit. After new troops arrived from the Holy Roman Empire in April, they decided to invade Egypt. They elected John supreme commander, giving him the right to rule the land they would conquer. His leadership was primarily nominal, since he could rarely impose his authority on an army of troops from many countries.The crusaders laid siege to Damietta, on the Nile, in May 1218. Although they seized a strategically important tower on a nearby island on 24 August, Al-Kamil (who had succeeded Al-Adil I in Egypt) controlled traffic on the Nile. In September, reinforcements commanded by Pope Honorius III's legate Cardinal Pelagius (who considered himself the crusade's supreme commander) arrived from Italy.Egyptian forces attempted a surprise attack on the crusaders' camp on 9 October, but John discovered their movements. He and his retinue attacked and annihilated the Egyptian advance guard, hindering the main force. The crusaders built a floating fortress on the Nile near Damietta, but a storm blew it near the Egyptian camp. The Egyptians seized the fortress, killing nearly all of its defenders. Only two soldiers survived the attack; they were accused of cowardice, and John ordered their execution. Taking advantage of the new Italian troops, Cardinal Pelagius began to intervene in strategic decisions. His debates with John angered their troops. The soldiers broke into the Egyptian camp on 29 August 1219 without an order, but they were soon defeated and nearly annihilated. During the ensuing panic, only the cooperation of John, the Templars, the Hospitallers and the noble crusaders prevented the Egyptians from destroying their camp.In late October, Al-Kamil sent messengers to the crusaders offering to restore Jerusalem, Bethlehem and Nazareth to them if they withdrew from Egypt. Although John and the secular lords were willing to accept the sultan's offer, Pelagius and the heads of the military orders resisted; they said that the Moslems could easily recapture the three towns. The crusaders ultimately refused the offer. Al-Kamil tried to send provisions to Damietta across their camp, but his men were captured on 3 November. Two days later, the crusaders stormed into Damietta and seized the town. Pelagius claimed it for the church, but he was forced to acknowledge John's right to administer it (at least temporarily) when John threatened to leave the crusaders' camp. According to John of Joinville, John seized one-third of Damietta's spoils; coins minted there during the following months bore his name. Al-Mu'azzam, emir of Damascus and brother of al-Kamil, invaded the Kingdom of Jerusalem and pillaged Caesarea before the end of 1219.John's father-in-law, Leo I of Armenia, died several months before the crusaders seized Damietta. He bequeathed his kingdom to his infant daughter, Isabella. John and Raymond-Roupen of Antioch (Leo's nephew) questioned the will's legality, each demanding the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia for themselves. In a February 1220 letter, Pope Honorius declared John to be Leo's rightful heir. Saying that he wanted to assert his claim to Cilicia, John left Damietta for the Kingdom of Jerusalem around Easter 1220. Although Al-Mu'azzam's successful campaign the previous year also pressed John to leave Egypt, Jacques de Vitry and other Fifth Crusade chroniclers wrote that he deserted the crusader army.Stephanie died shortly after John's arrival. Contemporary sources accused John of causing her sudden death, claiming that he severely beat her when he heard that she tried to poison his daughter Isabella. Their only son died a few weeks later, ending John's claim to Cilicia. Soon after Pope Honorius learned about the deaths of Stephanie and her son, he declared Raymond-Roupen the lawful ruler of Cilicia and threatened John with excommunication if he fought for his late wife's inheritance.John did not return to the crusaders in Egypt for several months. According to a letter from the prelates in the Holy Land to Philip II of France, lack of funds kept John from leaving his kingdom. Since his nephew Walter IV was approaching the age of majority, John surrendered the County of Brienne in 1221. During John's absence from Egypt, Al-Kamil again offered to restore the Holy Land to the Kingdom of Jerusalem in June 1221; Pelagius refused him. John returned to Egypt and rejoined the crusade on 6 July 1221 at the command of Pope Honorius.The commanders of the crusader army decided to continue the invasion of Egypt, despite (according to Philip d'Aubigny) John's strong opposition. The crusaders approached Mansurah, but the Egyptians imposed a blockade on their camp. Outnumbered, Pelagius agreed to an eight-year truce with Al-Kamil in exchange for Damietta on 28 August. John was among the crusade leaders held hostage by Al-Kamil until the crusader army withdrew from Damietta on 8 September.

Negotiations
After the Fifth Crusade ended "in colossal and irremediable failure", John returned to his kingdom. Merchants from Genoa and Pisa soon attacked each other in Acre, destroying a significant portion of the town. According to a Genoese chronicle, John supported the Pisans and the Genoese left Acre for Beirut.John was the first king of Jerusalem to visit Europe, and had decided to seek aid from the Christian powers before he returned from Egypt. He also wanted to find a suitable husband for his daughter, to ensure the survival of Christian rule in the Holy Land. John appointed Odo of Montbéliard as a bailli to administer the Kingdom of Jerusalem in his absence.
He left for Italy in October 1222 to attend a conference about a new crusade. At John's request, Pope Honorius declared that all lands conquered during the crusade should be united with the Kingdom of Jerusalem. To plan the military campaign, the pope and Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II met at Ferentino in March 1223; John attended the meeting. He agreed to give his daughter in marriage to Frederick II after the emperor promised that he would allow John to rule the Kingdom of Jerusalem for the rest of his life.John then went to France, although Philip II was annoyed at being excluded from the decision of Isabella's marriage. Matilda I, Countess of Nevers, Erard II of Chacenay, Albert, Abbot of Vauluisant and other local potentates asked John to intervene in their conflicts, indicating that he was esteemed in his homeland. John attended the funeral of Philip II at the Basilica of St Denis in July; Philip bequeathed more than 150,000 marks for the defence of the Holy Land. John then visited England, attempting to mediate a peace treaty between England and France after his return to France.He made a pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela in March 1224. According to the Latin Chronicle of the Kings of Castile, John went to the Kingdom of León to marry one of the elder daughters of Alfonso IX of León (Sancha or Dulce) because Alfonso had promised him the kingdom "along with her". The marriage could jeopardize the claim of Sancha's and Dulce's half-brother, Ferdinand III of Castile, to León. To protect her son's interests, Ferdinand's mother Berengaria of Castile decided to give her daughter (Berengaria of León) to John in marriage. Although modern historians do not unanimously accept the chronicle's account of John's plan to marry Sancha or Dulce, they agree that the queen of France (Blanche of Castile, Berengaria of Castile's sister) played an important role in convincing John to marry her niece. The marriage of John and Berengaria of León was celebrated in Burgos in May 1224.About three months later, he met Emperor Frederick's son Henry in Metz and visited Henry's guardian, Engelbert, Archbishop of Cologne. From Germany John went to southern Italy, where he persuaded Pope Honorius to allow Emperor Frederick to postpone his crusade for two years. Frederick married John's daughter, Isabella (who had been crowned queen of Jerusalem), on 9 November 1225. John and Frederick's relationship became tense. According to a version of Ernoul's chronicle, John got into a disagreement with his new son-in-law because Frederick seduced a niece of Isabella who was her lady-in-waiting. In the other version of the chronicle John often "chastised and reproved" his son-in-law, who concluded that John wanted to seize the Kingdom of Sicily for his nephew Walter IV of Brienne and tried to murder John (who fled to Rome). Frederick declared that John had lost his claim to the Kingdom of Jerusalem when Isabella married him; he styled himself king of Jerusalem for the first time in December 1225. Balian of Sidon, Simon of Maugastel, Archbishop of Tyre, and the other Jerusalemite lords who had escorted Isabella to Italy acknowledged Frederick as their lawful king.

Papal service
Pope Honorius did not accept Frederick's unilateral act, and continued to regard John as the rightful king of Jerusalem. In an attempt to take advantage of the revived Lombard League (an alliance of northern Italian towns) against Frederick II, John went to Bologna. According to a version of Ernoul's chronicle, he declined an offer by the Lombard League representatives to elect him their king. Even though this account was fabricated, John remained in Bologna for over six months. The dying Pope Honorius appointed John rector of a Patrimony of Saint Peter in Tuscany (part of the Papal States) on 27 January 1227, and urged Frederick II to restore him to the throne of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. Honorius' successor, Gregory IX, confirmed John's position in the Papal States on 5 April and ordered the citizens of Perugia to elect him their podestà.Gregory excommunicated Frederick II on 29 September 1227, accusing him of breaking his oath to lead a crusade to the Holy Land; the emperor had dispatched two fleets to Syria, but a plague forced them to return. His wife Isabella died after giving birth to a son, Conrad, in May 1228. Frederick continued to consider himself king of Jerusalem, in accordance with the precedent set by John during Isabella's minority.The imperial army under the command of Rainald of Urslingen invaded the Papal States in October 1228, beginning the so-called War of the Keys. Although John defeated the invaders in a series of battles, it took a counter-invasion by another papal army in southern Italy to drive Rainald back to Sulmona. John laid a siege before returning to Perugia in early 1229 to conclude negotiations with envoys of the Latin Empire of Constantinople, who were offering him the imperial crown.

Emperor of Constantinople
Election
The Latin Emperor of Constantinople, Robert I, died in January 1228. His brother Baldwin II succeeded him, but a regent was needed to rule the Latin Empire since Baldwin was ten years old. Ivan Asen II of Bulgaria was willing to accept the regency, but the barons of the Latin Empire suspected that he wanted to unite the Latin Empire with Bulgaria. They offered the imperial crown instead to John, an ally of the Holy See.After months of negotiation, John and the envoys from the Latin Empire signed a treaty in Perugia which was confirmed by Pope Gregory on 9 April 1229. John was elected emperor of the Latin Empire for life as senior co-ruler with Baldwin II, who married John's daughter Marie. The treaty also prescribed that although Baldwin would rule the Latin lands in Asia Minor when he was 20 years old, he would become sole emperor only after John's death. John also stipulated that his sons would inherit Epirus and Macedonia, but the two regions still belonged to Emperor of Thessalonica Theodore Doukas.After signing the treaty, John returned to Sulmona. According to the contemporary Matthew Paris, he allowed his soldiers to plunder nearby monasteries to obtain money. John lifted the siege of Sulmona in early 1229 to join Cardinal Pelagius, who launched a campaign against Capua. Frederick II (who had crowned himself king of Jerusalem in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre) returned to Italy, forcing the papal troops to withdraw.John went to France to recruit warriors to accompany him to Constantinople. Pope Gregory did not proclaim John's expedition to the Latin Empire a crusade, but promised papal privileges granted to crusaders to those who joined him. During his stay in France, John was again an intermediary between local potentates and signed a peace treaty between Louis IX of France and Hugh X of Lusignan. He returned to Italy in late 1230. John's envoys signed a treaty with Jacopo Tiepolo, Doge of Venice, who agreed to transport him and his retinue of 500 knights and 5,000 commoners to Constantinople in return for John's confirmation of Venetian possessions and privileges in the Latin Empire. Shortly after John left for Constantinople in August, Pope Gregory acknowledged Frederick II's claim to the Kingdom of Jerusalem.

Rule
John was crowned emperor in Hagia Sophia in autumn 1231; by then, his territory was limited to Constantinople and its vicinity. The Venetians urged him to wage war against John III Vatatzes, Emperor of Nicaea, who supported a rebellion against their rule in Crete. According to Philippe Mouskes' Rhymed Chronicle, John could make "neither war nor peace"; because he did not invade the Empire of Nicaea, most French knights who accompanied him to Constantinople returned home after his coronation. To strengthen the Latin Empire's financial position, Geoffrey II of Achaea (John's most powerful vassal) gave him an annual subsidy of 30,000 hyperpyra after his coronation.Taking advantage of John III Vatatzes' invasion of Rhodes, John launched a military expedition across the Bosphorus against the Empire of Nicaea in 1233. His three-to-four-month campaign "achieved little, or nothing"; the Latins only seized Pegai, now Biga in Turkey. With John's approval, two Franciscan and two Dominican friars wanted to mediate a truce between the Latin Empire and Nicaea in 1234 but it was never signed. In a letter describing their negotiations, the friars described John as a "pauper" abandoned by his mercenaries.John III Vatatzes and Ivan Asen II concluded a treaty dividing the Latin Empire in early 1235. Vatatzes soon seized the last outposts of the empire in Asia Minor and Gallipoli, and Asen occupied the Latin territories in Thrace. Constantinople was besieged in an effort to persuade the defenders to gather in one place, enabling an invasion elsewhere. Although the besiegers outnumbered the defenders, John repelled all attacks on the town's walls. Mouskes compared him to Hector, Roland, Ogier the Dane and Judas Maccabeus in his Rhymed Chronicle, emphasizing his bravery.A Venetian fleet forced Vatatzes' naval forces to withdraw, but after the Venetians departed for home the Greeks and Bulgarians besieged Constantinople again in November 1235. John sent letters to European monarchs and the pope, pleading for assistance. Since the survival of the Latin Empire was in jeopardy, Pope Gregory urged the crusaders to defend Constantinople instead of the Holy Land. A combined naval force from Venice, Genoa, Pisa and Geoffrey II of Achaea broke through the blockade. Asen soon abandoned his alliance with Vatatzes, who was forced to lift the siege in 1236.

Death
According to three 13th-century authors (Matthew Paris, Salimbene di Adam and Bernard of Besse), John became a Franciscan friar before his death. They agree that John's declining health contributed to his conversion, but Bernard also described a recurring vision of an old man urging the emperor to join the Franciscans. Most 13th-century sources suggest that John died between 19 and 23 March 1237, the only Latin emperor to die in Constantinople.According to the Tales of the Minstrel of Reims, he was buried in Hagia Sophia. Perry wrote that John, who died as a Franciscan friar, may have been buried in the Franciscan church dedicated to Saint Francis of Assisi which was built in Galata during his reign. In a third theory, proposed by Giuseppe Gerola, a tomb decorated with the Latin Empire coat of arms in Assisi's Lower Basilica may have been built for John by Walter VI, Count of Brienne.

Family
John's first wife (Maria the Marquise, born 1191) was the only child of Isabella I of Jerusalem and her second husband, Conrad of Montferrat. Maria inherited Jerusalem from her mother in 1205. John and Maria's only child, Isabella (also known as Yolanda), was born in late 1212.Stephanie of Armenia became John's second wife in 1214. She was the only daughter of Leo II of Armenia and his first wife, Isabelle (niece of Sibylle, the third wife of Bohemond III of Antioch). Stephanie gave birth to a son in 1220, but she and her son died that year.John married his third wife, Berengaria of León, in 1224; she was born around 1204 to Alfonso IX of León and Berengaria of Castile. John and Berengaria's first child, Marie, was born in 1224. Their first son, Alphonse, was born during the late 1220s. Berengaria's cousin, Louis IX of France, made him Grand Chamberlain of France and he acquired the County of Eu in France with his marriage. John's second son, Louis, was born around 1230. His youngest son, John, who was born in the early 1230s, was Grand Butler of France.
Passage 5:
Giacomo Bosio
Giacomo Bosio (1544–1627) was a brother of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem and the historian of this order.
He was the uncle of the Maltese antiquary Antonio Bosio.

Biography
Giacomo Bosio was born in 1544 in Chivasso, in the present province of Turin in the Piedmont.
He was a son of a noble family from Milan that had already contributed many knights to the Order.
Giacomo Bosio arrived at Rome in 1587 and was appointed representative of the Hospitaller Order of the Holy See to the cardinal Gregorio Petrocchini.
He took advantage of his stay in Rome to write the history of his order, under the title Dell'istoria della Sacra Religione, Giovanni di Santo dell'illustrissima milizia Gierosolimitano.
Bosio gave his manuscript to two Franciscan brothers called the "Big Brothers" in Italy, who put his work into the form known today: forty books grouped into three volumes and printed in folio in Rome in 1621, in 1629/30, in 1678 and in Naples in 1684.
Bosio's work deals with the history of the Hospitallers order from its origin until 1571 with Jean Parisot de la Valette.
His story was continued by brother Bartolomeo dal Pozzo up to the year 1688 and first published in Verona in 1703 in two volumes, then in Venice in 1740 under the title Historia della Sacra di religione militare S. Giovanni Gerosolimitano, della Malta.  Bosio's history was translated into French by Pierre de Boissat, augmented by Jean Baudoin.
The Hospitaller brother Anne de Naberat completed the life of the great masters, published in two volumes folio in Paris in 1643 and also in 1659 with portraits of the great masters.
Bosio is also the author of Corona del Cavaliere Gierosolimitano published in Rome in 1588, the Triomphante e gloriose Croce published in Rome in 1610 and translated into Latin under the title Crux triumphans in 1617 and Imagini de Beati è Santi della sacra religione di santo Giovanni Gierosolimitano published in Palermo in 1633, and then in Naples in 1653.
Giacomo Bosio died in 1627 in Rome.

Bibliography
1588 - Corona del Cavaliere Gierosolimitano, Rome, in-4°
1589 - Li Privilegii della sacra Religione di Santo Giovanni Gierosolimitano
1597 - Gli Statuti della sacra Religione di Santo Giovanni Gierosolimitano
1610 - Triomphante e gloriose Croce, Rome, in-folio
1621 - Dell'istoria della sacra Religione, dell'illustrissima milizia di Santo Giovanni Gierosolimitano, Rome, in-folio
1633 - Imagini de Beati è Santi della sacra Religione di Santo Giovanni Gierosolimitano, Palerme, in-4°
Passage 6:
John II of Brienne, Count of Eu
John II of Brienne (died 11 July 1302 in Kortrijk) was the son of John I of Brienne, Count of Eu and Beatrice of Saint-Pol. He succeeded his father as Count of Eu in 1294.
He married Jeanne, Countess of Guînes (d. 1331 or 1332), the daughter and heir of Baldwin IV, Count of Guînes. They had two children:

Raoul I of Brienne, Count of Eu
Marie, d. youngJohn was killed at the Battle of the Golden Spurs.
Passage 7:
John II of Brienne
Sir John of Brienne (died c. 1296), was a French nobleman who served as Grand Butler of France in 1258.

Biography
Jean was the youngest son of John of Brienne, Latin Emperor of Constantinople and Berengaria of León.He held the office of Grand Butler of France in 1258 and later the Ambassador to Castile in 1275.
He died in circa 1296 and was buried at the Abbey of Maubuisson, France.

Marriage and issue
John married firstly Jeanne, daughter of Geoffrey VI, Viscount of Châteaudun and Clemence de Roches. They had:

BlancheHe married secondly Marie, the widow of Alexander II of Scotland, the daughter of Enguerrand III, Lord of Coucy and Marie de Montmirel. They had no issue and later separated when she returned to Scotland to aid her family interests.

Notes
Citations
Passage 8:
Hugh, Count of Brienne
Hugh, Count of Brienne and Lecce (c. 1240 – 9 August 1296) was the second surviving son of Count Walter IV of Brienne and Marie de Lusignan of Cyprus.

Life
His father, Count of Jaffa and Ascalon in Palestine, was murdered in 1244 in Cairo, and was succeeded by his eldest son, John.
On John's death (c. 1260), Hugh inherited the County of Brienne in France and the family's claims in southern Italy, including the Principality of Taranto and the County of Lecce, which had been confiscated in 1205.
He claimed the regency of the Kingdom of Jerusalem (and indirectly a place in the succession) in 1264 as senior heir to Alice of Jerusalem and Hugh I of Cyprus, being the son of their eldest daughter, but was passed over by the Haute Cour in favour of his cousin Hugh of Antioch and thereafter took little part in the affairs of Outremer. His first cousin, King Hugh II of Cyprus, died in 1267 and despite Hugh's rights as senior heir, Hugh of Antioch was crowned Hugh III of Cyprus. When his second cousin's son Conradin, King of Jerusalem, was killed in 1268, the succession passed again to his junior cousin Hugh III.
Deciding to seek his fortune in Europe rather than Outremer, Hugh entered the service of Charles I of Naples. Charles made him Captain-General of Brindisi, Otranto and Apulia and Lord of Conversano, and he was an enthusiastic partisan of the Angevin cause in Italy. For this service he was restored to his family's County of Lecce. He was captured with Charles II of Naples in the Battle of the Gulf of Naples in 1284 and again in the Battle of the Counts in 1287, both times in naval battles against Roger of Lauria. On one of these occasions he obtained his parole by leaving his only son Walter as a hostage. He was killed in Sicily, at the Battle of Gagliano, against the Catalan Almogavars, and was succeeded by Walter.
In 1291 he married Helena Angelina Komnene, widow of William de la Roche, Duke of Athens, and regent for her underage son Guy II de la Roche. He thus became Bailli of the Duchy of Athens until Guy II came of age in 1296.

Marriages and issue
Hugh's first wife was Isabella de la Roche, heiress of Thebes. They had a son, Walter V (d. 1311), who succeeded Hugh, and a daughter, Agnes, who married Count John of Joigny. Hugh and his second wife, Helena Angelina Komnene, had a daughter, Joanna, who married Duke Nicholas I Sanudo of Naxos.

Genealogical table
Passage 9:
Erard I, Count of Brienne
Erard I, Count of Brienne (1060–1114) was Count of Brienne at the end of the 11th century.  He was the son of Gautier I of Brienne, count of Brienne, and his wife Eustachie of Tonnerre.
In 1097 he fought in the First Crusade.
In 1110 he married Alix of Roucy-Ramerupt, daughter of André de Montdidier-Roucy, seigneur de Ramerupt and son of Hilduin IV, Count of Montdidier. They had 3 children:

Gautier II of Brienne, count of Brienne and lord of Ramerupt. Father of Erard II.
Guy of Brienne
Félicité of Brienne, who married Simon I of Broyes, then in 1142 Geoffroy III, sire de Joinville.
Passage 10:
Mary of Lusignan, Countess of Brienne
Mary of Lusignan (French: Marie de Lusignan; before March 1215 – 5 July 1251 or 1253), was the wife of Count Walter IV of Brienne and Countess of Brienne from the time of her marriage in 1233 to her husband's death while on Crusade in 1244. Mary's parents were King Hugh I of Cyprus and Alice of Champagne, making her a maternal granddaughter of Queen Isabella I of Jerusalem. Her two surviving sons were John, Count of Brienne, and Hugh of Brienne.

Family and betrothal
Mary was born sometime before March 1215, the eldest daughter and child of King Hugh I of Cyprus and Alice of Champagne, the daughter of Queen Isabella I of Jerusalem and Henry II, Count of Champagne. She had a younger sister, Isabelle, and a brother, Henry, who succeeded as king upon the death of their father in January 1218. In 1225, Alice married secondly Bohemond V of Antioch, after she and her sister, Philippa had long become embroiled in a bitter dispute with Blanche of Navarre over the county of Champagne, which was later known as the Champagne War of Succession.
Before 21 July 1229, Mary was betrothed to Peter I, Duke of Brittany, whose wife Alix of Thouars had died in 1221; however, the Pope prohibited the match due to their fourth degree consanguinity.

Marriage and issue
By 1233, Mary married Walter IV, Count of Brienne. The marriage had been arranged by his uncle John of Brienne. From the time of her marriage, she was styled Countess of Brienne. Her husband was also the Count of Jaffa and Ascolom, the title of which had been granted to him by his father, Walter III of Brienne in 1221.
Together Mary and Walter had:

John, Count of Brienne (c.1235- 1260/61), married Mary of Enghien; died childless.
Hugh of Brienne, Count of Brienne and Lecce  (c.1240- 9 August 1296), married firstly Isabelle de la Roche, Heiress of Thebes, daughter of Guy I de la Roche, and by whom he had issue; married secondly Helena Komnenos Dukaina, by whom he had one daughter, Joanna of Brienne.
Amaury of BrienneMary became a widow in October 1244 after Walter was murdered in Cairo. He had been taken prisoner following the Crusader-Syrian defeat at the Battle of La Forbie where he had led the Crusader Army against the Egyptian forces. Their eldest son, John succeeded him as Count of Brienne. Mary remained at the Cypriot court and died on 5 July in 1251 or 1253.
In 1267, after the death of King Hugh II, Mary's only surviving son Hugh claimed the Cypriot kingdom for himself, but was passed over by the Haute Cour of Jerusalem in favour of her younger sister Isabella's son, Hugh of Antioch.


Passage 1:
En Aasai Unnoduthan
En Aasai Unnoduthan (transl. My desire is with you) is a 1983 Indian Tamil-language romance film edited and directed by K. Narayanan. The film stars Prem and Poornima Jayaram, with Thengai Srinivasan, Y. G. Mahendran, Rajini, Oru Viral Krishna Rao and Jaishankar in supporting roles. It was released on 30 September 1983.

Plot
Cast
Prem
Poornima Jayaram
Thengai Srinivasan
Y. G. Mahendran
Rajini
Oru Viral Krishna Rao
Jaishankar

Soundtrack
The soundtrack was composed by Shankar–Ganesh. The song "Devi Koondhalo" is based on "Happy Together" by The Turtles.

Reception
Jayamanmadhan of Kalki said that, apart from the inclusion of Y. G. Mahendran, Thengai Srinivasan and Oru Viral Krishna Rao among others, there was nothing special about the film.
Passage 2:
En Aasai Rasave
En Aasai Rasave is a 1998 Indian Tamil-language drama film directed by Kasthuri Raja. The film stars Sivaji Ganesan and Murali while Raadhika, Roja and Suvalakshmi all play other supporting roles. The film, which focussed on the lives of karakattam dance artists, released on 28 August 1998.

Plot
Valayapathi is a karakattam artist who is revered. Azhagurani is a well-to-do rich woman who falls in love with him and gets married leaving her riches behind. Due to a misunderstanding, they separate leaving their child Muthumani with Valayapathi who brings him up in the karakattam tradition. Manoranjitham is in love with Muthumani.
Enter Nagajyoti who claims she is the best and prods Valayapathu/Muthumani into a competition thereby gaining entry into their lives. She slowly turns the tide and Muthumani and her fall in love. It is revealed that Nagajyoti is Muthumani's cross-cousin and has come in with the ulterior motive of reuniting Azhagurani, her aunt, and Valayapathi. Does she succeed?

Cast
Sivaji Ganesan as Valayapathi
Raadhika as Azhagurani
Murali as Muthumani
Roja as Nagajyoti
Vijayakumar
Suvalakshmi as Manoranjitham
Vinu Chakravarthy
Senthil
Manivannan
Delhi Ganesh
G. Ramachandran (producer)
R. Sundarrajan
Manorama
Mahanadhi Shankar

Soundtrack
The music of this album was scored by Deva. Lyrics were written by Kasthuri Raja.

Reception
D. S. Ramanujam of The Hindu wrote, "Age has withered and shackled Ganesan's virtuosity, the sparkle in his eyes and the authority in his voice that were his forte are no longer there. Whenever B. Kannan's camera takes a close-up of the veteran, it only raises visions of this great artiste in his prime in similar scenes in his earlier movies and becomes a sad reminder"
Passage 3:
Peter Levin
Peter Levin is an American director of film, television and theatre.

Career
Since 1967, Levin has amassed a large number of credits directing episodic television and television films. Some of his television series credits include Love Is a Many Splendored Thing, James at 15, The Paper Chase, Family, Starsky & Hutch, Lou Grant, Fame, Cagney & Lacey, Law & Order and Judging Amy.Some of his television film credits include Rape and Marriage: The Rideout Case (1980), A Reason to Live (1985), Popeye Doyle (1986), A Killer Among Us (1990), Queen Sized (2008) and among other films. He directed "Heart in Hiding", written by his wife Audrey Davis Levin, for which she received an Emmy for Best Day Time Special in the 1970s.
Prior to becoming a director, Levin worked as an actor in several Broadway productions. He costarred with Susan Strasberg in "[The Diary of Ann Frank]" but had to leave the production when he was drafted into the Army. He trained at the Carnegie Mellon University. Eventually becoming a theatre director, he directed productions at the Long Wharf Theatre and the Pacific Resident Theatre Company. He also co-founded the off-off-Broadway Theatre [the Hardware Poets Playhouse] with his wife Audrey Davis Levin and was also an associate artist of The Interact Theatre Company.
Passage 4:
Ian Barry (director)
Ian Barry is an Australian director of film and TV.

Select credits
Waiting for Lucas (1973) (short)
Stone (1974) (editor only)
The Chain Reaction (1980)
Whose Baby? (1986) (mini-series)
Minnamurra (1989)
Bodysurfer (1989) (mini-series)
Ring of Scorpio (1990) (mini-series)
Crimebroker (1993)
Inferno (1998) (TV movie)
Miss Lettie and Me (2002) (TV movie)
Not Quite Hollywood: The Wild, Untold Story of Ozploitation! (2008) (documentary)
The Doctor Blake Mysteries (2013)
Passage 5:
Kasthuri Raja
Kasthuri Raja is an Indian film director. He is the father of director Selvaraghavan and actor Dhanush. He worked as an assistant director with Director K.S.G. Most of the films he directed were either village based or infatuation of youngsters. He also worked with Director Visu on more than 16 films. Prior to entering the film industry, he ran away from home to Chennai and worked in a mill.

Filmography
As directorAs an actorAval Sumangalithan (1985)
Mouna Mozhi (1992)As lyricistSolaiyamma - all songs
Dreams - all songs
Thaai Manasu - all songs
Kummi Paatu - all songs
Passage 6:
Brian Kennedy (gallery director)
Brian Patrick Kennedy (born 5 November 1961) is an Irish-born art museum director who has worked in Ireland and Australia, and now lives and works in the United States.  He was the director of the Peabody Essex Museum in Salem for 17 months, resigning December 31, 2020. He was the director of the Toledo Museum of Art in Ohio from 2010 to 2019. He was the director of the Hood Museum of Art from 2005 to 2010, and the National Gallery of Australia (Canberra) from 1997 to 2004.

Career
Brian Kennedy currently lives and works in the United States after leaving Australia in 2005 to direct the Hood Museum of Art at Dartmouth College. In October 2010 he became the ninth Director of the Toledo Museum of Art. On 1 July 2019, he succeeded Dan Monroe as the executive director and CEO of the Peabody Essex Museum.

Early life and career in Ireland
Kennedy was born in Dublin and attended Clonkeen College. He received B.A. (1982), M.A. (1985) and PhD (1989) degrees from University College-Dublin, where he studied both art history and history.
He worked in the Irish Department of Education (1982), the European Commission, Brussels (1983), and in Ireland at the Chester Beatty Library (1983–85), Government Publications Office (1985–86), and Department of Finance (1986–89). He married Mary Fiona Carlin in 1988.He was Assistant Director at the National Gallery of Ireland in Dublin from 1989 to 1997. He was Chair of the Irish Association of Art Historians from 1996 to 1997, and of the Council of Australian Art Museum Directors from 2001 to 2003. In September 1997 he became Director of the National Gallery of Australia.

National Gallery of Australia (NGA)
Kennedy expanded the traveling exhibitions and loans program throughout Australia, arranged for several major shows of Australian art abroad, increased the number of exhibitions at the museum itself and oversaw the development of an extensive multi-media site.  Although he oversaw several years of the museum's highest ever annual visitation, he discontinued the emphasis of his predecessor, Betty Churcher, on showing "blockbuster" exhibitions.
During his directorship, the NGA gained government support for improving the building and significant private donations and corporate sponsorship. However, the initial design for the building proved controversial generating a public dispute with the original architect on moral rights grounds.  As a result, the project was not delivered during Dr Kennedy's tenure, with a significantly altered design completed some years later.  Private funding supported two acquisitions of British art, including David Hockney's A Bigger Grand Canyon in 1999, and Lucian Freud's After Cézanne in 2001. Kennedy built on the established collections at the museum by acquiring the Holmgren-Spertus collection of Indonesian textiles; the Kenneth Tyler collection of editioned prints, screens, multiples and unique proofs; and the Australian Print Workshop Archive. He was also notable for campaigning for the construction of a new "front" entrance to the Gallery, facing King Edward Terrace, which was completed in 2010 (see reference to the building project above).
Kennedy's cancellation of the "Sensation exhibition" (scheduled at the NGA from 2 June 2000 to 13 August 2000) was controversial, and seen by some as censorship. He claimed that the decision was due to the exhibition being "too close to the market" implying that a national cultural institution cannot exhibit the private collection of a speculative art investor. However, there were other exhibitions at the NGA during his tenure, which could have raised similar concerns. The exhibition featured the privately owned Young British Artists works belonging to Charles Saatchi and attracted large attendances in London and Brooklyn. Its most controversial work was Chris Ofili's The Holy Virgin Mary, a painting which used elephant dung and was accused of being blasphemous. The then-mayor of New York, Rudolph Giuliani, campaigned against the exhibition, claiming it was "Catholic-bashing" and an "aggressive, vicious, disgusting attack on religion." In November 1999, Kennedy cancelled the exhibition and stated that the events in New York had "obscured discussion of the artistic merit of the works of art". He has said that it "was the toughest decision of my professional life, so far."Kennedy was also repeatedly questioned on his management of a range of issues during the Australian Government's Senate Estimates process - particularly on the NGA's occupational health and safety record and concerns about the NGA's twenty-year-old air-conditioning system. The air-conditioning was finally renovated in 2003. Kennedy announced in 2002 that he would not seek extension of his contract beyond 2004, accepting a seven-year term as had his two predecessors.He became a joint Irish-Australian citizen in 2003.

Toledo Museum of Art
The Toledo Museum of Art is known for its exceptional collections of European and American paintings and sculpture, glass, antiquities, artist books, Japanese prints and netsuke. The museum offers free admission and is recognized for its historical leadership in the field of art education.  During his tenure, Kennedy has focused the museum's art education efforts on visual literacy, which he defines as "learning to read, understand and write visual language."   Initiatives have included baby and toddler tours, specialized training for all staff, docents, volunteers and the launch of a website, www.vislit.org. In November 2014, the museum hosted the International Visual Literacy Association (IVLA) conference, the first Museum to do so. Kennedy has been a frequent speaker on the topic, including 2010 and 2013 TEDx talks on visual and sensory literacy.
Kennedy has expressed an interest in expanding the museum's collection of contemporary art and art by indigenous peoples. Works by Frank Stella, Sean Scully, Jaume Plensa, Ravinder Reddy and Mary Sibande have been acquired.  In addition, the museum has made major acquisitions of Old Master paintings by Frans Hals and Luca Giordano.During his tenure the Toledo Museum of Art has announced the return of several objects from its collection due to claims the objects were stolen and/or illegally exported prior being sold to the museum.  In 2011 a Meissen sweetmeat stand was returned to Germany followed by an Etruscan Kalpis or water jug to Italy (2013), an Indian sculpture of Ganesha (2014) and an astrological compendium to Germany in 2015.

Hood Museum of Art
Kennedy became Director of the Hood Museum of Art in July 2005. During his tenure, he implemented a series of large and small-scale exhibitions and oversaw the production of more than 20 publications to bring greater public attention to the museum's remarkable collections of the arts of America, Europe, Africa, Papua New Guinea and the Polar regions. At 70,000 objects, the Hood has one of the largest collections on any American college of university campus. The exhibition, Black Womanhood: Images, Icons, and Ideologies of the African Body, toured several US venues. Kennedy increased campus curricular use of works of art, with thousands of objects pulled from storage for classes annually. Numerous acquisitions were made with the museum's generous endowments, and he curated several exhibitions: including Wenda Gu: Forest of Stone Steles: Retranslation and Rewriting Tang Dynasty Poetry, Sean Scully: The Art of the Stripe, and Frank Stella: Irregular Polygons.

Publications
Kennedy has written or edited a number of books on art, including:

Alfred Chester Beatty and Ireland 1950-1968: A study in cultural politics, Glendale Press (1988), ISBN 978-0-907606-49-9
Dreams and responsibilities: The state and arts in independent Ireland, Arts Council of Ireland (1990), ISBN 978-0-906627-32-7
Jack B Yeats: Jack Butler Yeats, 1871-1957 (Lives of Irish Artists), Unipub (October 1991), ISBN 978-0-948524-24-0
The Anatomy Lesson: Art and Medicine (with Davis Coakley), National Gallery of Ireland (January 1992), ISBN 978-0-903162-65-4
Ireland: Art into History (with Raymond Gillespie), Roberts Rinehart Publishers (1994), ISBN 978-1-57098-005-3
Irish Painting, Roberts Rinehart Publishers (November 1997),  ISBN 978-1-86059-059-7
Sean Scully: The Art of the Stripe, Hood Museum of Art (October 2008), ISBN 978-0-944722-34-3
Frank Stella: Irregular Polygons, 1965-1966, Hood Museum of Art (October 2010), ISBN 978-0-944722-39-8

Honors and achievements
Kennedy was awarded the Australian Centenary Medal in 2001 for service to Australian Society and its art. He is a trustee and treasurer of the Association of Art Museum Directors, a peer reviewer for the American Association of Museums and a member of the International Association of Art Critics. In 2013 he was appointed inaugural eminent professor at the University of Toledo and received an honorary doctorate from Lourdes University. Most recently, Kennedy received the 2014 Northwest Region, Ohio Art Education Association award for distinguished educator for art education.

== Notes ==
Passage 7:
Jesse E. Hobson
Jesse Edward Hobson (May 2, 1911 – November 5, 1970) was the director of SRI International from 1947 to 1955. Prior to SRI, he was the director of the Armour Research Foundation.

Early life and education
Hobson was born in Marshall, Indiana. He received bachelor's and master's degrees in electrical engineering from Purdue University and a PhD in electrical engineering from the California Institute of Technology. Hobson was also selected as a nationally outstanding engineer.Hobson married Jessie Eugertha Bell on March 26, 1939, and they had five children.

Career
Awards and memberships
Hobson was named an IEEE Fellow in 1948.
Passage 8:
S. N. Mathur
S.N. Mathur was the Director of the Indian Intelligence Bureau between September 1975 and February 1980. He was also the Director General of Police in Punjab.
Passage 9:
Dana Blankstein
Dana Blankstein-Cohen (born March 3, 1981) is the executive director of the Sam Spiegel Film and Television School. She was appointed by the board of directors  in November 2019.  Previously she was the CEO of the Israeli Academy of Film and Television. She is a film director, and an Israeli culture entrepreneur.

Biography
Dana Blankstein was born in Switzerland in 1981 to theatre director Dedi Baron and Professor Alexander Blankstein. She moved to Israel in 1983 and grew up in Tel Aviv.
Blankstein graduated from the Sam Spiegel Film and Television School, Jerusalem in 2008 with high honors. During her studies she worked as a personal assistant to directors Savi Gabizon on his film Nina's Tragedies and to Renen Schorr on his film The Loners.  She also directed and shot 'the making of' film on Gavison's film Lost and Found. Her debut film Camping competed at the Berlin International Film Festival, 2007.

Film and academic career
After her studies, Dana founded and directed the film and television department at the Kfar Saba municipality. The department encouraged and promoted productions filmed in the city of Kfar Saba, as well as the established cultural projects, and educational community activities.
Blankstein directed the mini-series "Tel Aviviot" (2012). From 2016-2019 was the director of the Israeli Academy of Film and Television.
In November 2019 Dana Blankstein Cohen was appointed the new director of the Sam Spiegel Film and Television School where she also oversees the Sam Spiegel International Film Lab. In 2022, she spearheaded the launch of the new Series Lab and the film preparatory program for Arabic speakers in east Jerusalem.

Filmography
Tel Aviviot (mini-series; director, 2012)
Growing Pains (graduation film, Sam Spiegel; director and screenwriter, 2008)
Camping (debut film, Sam Spiegel; director and screenwriter, 2006)
Passage 10:
Olav Aaraas
Olav Aaraas (born 10 July 1950) is a Norwegian historian and museum director.
He was born in Fredrikstad. From 1982 to 1993 he was the director of Sogn Folk Museum, from 1993 to 2010 he was the director of Maihaugen and from 2001 he has been the director of the Norwegian Museum of Cultural History. In 2010 he was decorated with the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav.


Passage 1:
The Girl from Leningrad
The Girl from Leningrad (Russian: Фронтовые подруги) is a 1941 Soviet adventure film directed by Viktor Eisymont.

Plot
The film takes place during the Finnish war. A group of girls voluntarily go to the front. Young girls help doctors save the lives of wounded soldiers, and also fight with the enemy.

Starring
Zoya Fyodorova as Natasha
Mariya Kapustina as Tamara
Olga Fyodorina as The Cricket
Tamara Alyoshina as Zina
Yekaterina Melentyeva as Shura
Andrei Abrikosov as Lt. Sergei Korovin
Konstantin Adashevsky as Dr. Katner
Yury Tolubeev as Maj. Braginsky
Boris Blinov as Andrei Morosov
Passage 2:
Everyone Else
Everyone Else (German: Alle Anderen) is a 2009 German romantic drama film written and directed by Maren Ade. The film was awarded with the Silver Bear at the 59th Berlin Film Festival.

Plot
Gitti and Chris are a young German couple on vacation at Chris's family villa in Sardinia. Gitti is much more spontaneous and light-hearted than Chris, wanting to go out and try to make friends while Chris remains introverted, preferring to stay in and read, even hiding from his neighbour; her playful demeanor often annoys him, while his guarded attitude exasperates her. When he tries to speak to Gitti about his unhappy feelings about his life and career she interrupts him to say that he muses too much over everything and should consider settling down with her. Chris is upset and insulted by her outburst. Later, Gitti and Chris admit to each other that they often worry they're not the right person for each other.
While shopping for groceries Chris spots Hans, a successful old classmate, and unsuccessfully tries to hide from him. Hans invites the couple to a barbecue at his home with his wife Sana, a successful fashion designer, which Gitti tries to decline as she has already received an invitation from a bohemian couple she has recently met. Chris overrides her and accepts the invitation. While Sana and Hans appear to be the perfect, thriving couple, they quickly prove to be obnoxious, bland, and vapid. Hans eventually reveals that Chris has declined an architecture prize because his design would be melded with another architect, though Chris had previously told Gitti that he hadn't heard back from the competition, which angers Gitti. When Gitti stands up for Chris in the face of Hans's subtle insults, Chris becomes upset.
The following day Chris is hyper critical of Gitti, taking her on a long hike during which they get lost. Afterwards he informs her that he will be going for a drink with Hans alone, as Gitti embarrassed him the previous evening. When he asks Gitti why she can't be more normal, like Sana, Gitti argues that she doesn't want to be like everybody else. Though Gitti begs him not to leave her alone at night, he goes anyway, returning in the morning. The following day Chris informs Gitti that he is considering taking an architecture job on the island. While Chris meets with his potential client, Gitti goes exploring on her own, trying out a new makeover and choosing to keep the dress she previously regarded as too "bourgeoisie" in an effort to please Chris. After meeting up with Chris by chance, he suggests they invite Hans and Sana to their home. The atmosphere becomes uncomfortable when Gitti runs into the bohemian couple she had previously met; they are put off by her new, put-together appearance and are somewhat hurt that she had stood them up. When they extend the invitation again, Chris clumsily declines, which annoys Gitti.
Gitti makes an effort to tone down her appearance and mannerisms for the dinner with Hans and Sana, but it nevertheless becomes awkward as Chris starts behaving oddly in an attempt to impress the other couple. Gitti becomes more uncomfortable when Chris takes them into his mother's private dream room and mocks her interests for Hans and Sana's amusement. At the end of the night, Hans playfully throws Sana into the villa pool, leading Chris to throw Gitti in as well even as she begs him not to. Upset, she asks Sana to make an excuse so that she and Hans will leave. Chris tells Gitti he loves her and initiates sex, which she accepts dispassionately.
The next day, Chris overhears Gitti concocting an excuse to leave early without letting him know. After confronting her, Gitti asserts that she is leaving him, and no longer loves him anymore because he is a weakling. Chris fires back that she is a naive hypocrite and asks her to leave. While packing her things, Gitti falls to the floor and plays dead. At first worried, and then upset by her games, Chris resolves to make things work and let his guard down. He blows raspberries into her stomach, which makes her laugh, and the two finally look at each other.

Cast
Birgit Minichmayr as Gitti
Lars Eidinger as Chris
Nicole Marischka as Sana
Hans-Jochen Wagner as Hans

Release
Critical reception
The film received positive reviews from film critics. On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, 88% of 42 critics' reviews are positive, with an average rating of 7.6/10. The website's consensus reads: "Alle Anderen (Everyone Else) taps into the unpredictable energy between two couples to throw finely detailed - and richly rewarding - sparks of emotional truth." Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned the film a score of 71 out of 100, based on 16 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".

Awards and nominations
SubmissionsBerlin International Film Festival
Golden Bear (nominated)
German Film Awards
Best Direction (nominated)
Best Performance by an Actress in a leading role (nominated)
Outstanding Feature Film (nominated)
Passage 3:
The Girl from the Chartreuse
The Girl from the Chartreuse (original title: La Petite Chartreuse) is a French novel written by Pierre Péju and published for the first time in France in 2002. It has been translated in several other languages including English and it has been adapted in an eponymous film by Jean-Pierre Denis.

The film
The adapted film was shot in 2004, in the French Alps around Grenoble, and released in France and Belgium in 2005. It stars Olivier Gourmet, Marie-Josée Croze, Yves Jacques and young newcomer Bertille Noël-Bruneau. The scenario was co-written by director Jean-Pierre Denis with Yvon Rouvé. The original soundtrack was composed by Michel Portal.

External links
La petite Chartreuse at IMDb
Passage 4:
The Girl from Manhattan
The Girl from Manhattan is a 1948 American comedy drama film directed by Alfred E. Green, starring Dorothy Lamour, George Montgomery, and Charles Laughton.The guest house setting allows a multiplicity of characters to interact with the main characters.

Plot
New York actress and fashion model Carol arrives to stay with her uncle Homer Purdy in a boarding house in the mid-west America town of Pittsfield.
Meanwhile, ex-football player, the handsome Tom Walker, appears in the same state to chat with the bishop regarding his becoming a minister in the town. It is concluded that the church needs new heroes and his background as a  football star should be a benefit not a hindrance. The bishop has arranged for him to stay at Purdy's boarding house. On arrival he meets Carol and they recognise each other. Tom is cryptic about his plans.
Tom meets the church council who present a local benefactor Mr Birch who is going to buy the 150-year-old church and build a new church closer to the town centre: the chosen site is Purdy's boarding House.
Uncle Homer is revealed to be giving most of his rooms free until the various residents get rich, and is involved in many of their madcap schemes. He makes little money and the old house is crumbling. Carol and Homer rearrange one of the rooms to serve as Tom's study until the new church is built. They do not know the chosen site is their house.
The bishop calls in Tom to discuss his reputation if being seen with a fashion model.
Oscar, one of the more eccentric guests, is allowed to build a miniature railway in Purdy's basement. Mr Birch appears at the boarding house to assess its demolition. Everyone knows the plan except Carol. Uncle Homer has squandered the $3,000 Carol sent him on investing in his guests crazy ventures. The train engine blows up and Homer is injured. Tom and carol join forces to save the boarding house. Several guests also start to raise money.
Ultimately Rev Tom sends his own $3,000 to pay off Homer's debts and Mr Birch's "generous" offer for the old church is proven to be a scam. Although they will need to keep using the old church, the bishop approves.

Cast
Passage 5:
Jean-Pierre Denis
Jean-Pierre Denis (born 29 March 1946) is a French film director and screenwriter. He has directed seven films since 1980. His directorial debut Adrien's Story won the Caméra d'Or at the 1980 Cannes Film Festival. His film Field of Honor was entered into the 1987 Cannes Film Festival.

Filmography
Adrien's Story (1980)
La palombière (1983)
Champ d'honneur (1987)
Les yeux de Cécile (1993)
Les blessures assassines (2000)
La petite Chartreuse (2005)
Ici-bas (2011)
Passage 6:
The Girl from the Islands
The Girl from the Islands or Maibritt, the Girl from the Islands (German: Maibritt, das Mädchen von den Inseln) is a 1964 West German-Swedish comedy film directed by Bostjan Hladnik and starring Jane Axell, Gunnar Möller, and Karl Schönböck. It was part of an attempt by some German comedy films of the era to be slightly more risqué.

Production
It was shot on location in Yugoslavia. The film's sets were designed by the art director Heinrich Mager. It was shot using Eastmancolor. The Swedish actress Jane Axell was handpicked for the starring role, but after appearing in another German film Venusberg the same year she made only a few further minor appearances.

Synopsis
A German businessmen is sent to Stockholm by his boss to secure an important contract, in the face of foreign competition. He discovers that the intended client has gone sailing round the Swedish islands and follows him. He becomes mixed up with a mysterious young woman named Maibritt, who eventually turns out to be the daughter of his intended client.

Cast
Passage 7:
The Girl from the Wardrobe
The Girl from the Wardrobe (Polish: Dziewczyna z szafy) is a 2013 Polish drama film directed by Bodo Kox.

Cast
Wojciech Mecwaldowski - Tomek
Piotr Głowacki - Jacek
Magdalena Rózanska - Magda
Eryk Lubos - Krzysztof
Teresa Sawicka - Kwiatkowska
Olga Bołądź - Aga

Awards and nominations
Polish Academy Award for Discovery of the Year, for directing, Bodo Kox, award
Zbigniew Cybulski Award for best young Polish actor, Piotr Głowacki, awardPolish Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor, Eryk Lubos, nomination
Polish Academy Award for Best Production Design, Andrzej Haliński, nomination
Passage 8:
The Girl from Monterrey
The Girl from Monterrey is a 1943 American film directed by Wallace Fox starring Armida Vendrell as PRCs version of the Mexican Spitfire.
The film is also known as The Girl from Monterey (American alternative spelling).

Plot summary
In a Mexican nightclub, some American fight promoters witness Alberto 'Baby' Valdez, the brother of Lita Valdez knock out a champion fighter.  At first Lita is angered that her brother has quit his law studies to become a fighter, but the two move to the United States.  Lita literally bumps into reigning champion Jerry O'Leary with the three becoming inseparable friends.  However the American fight promoters force Alberto and Jerry to fight each other or face suspension.

Cast
Armida Vendrell as Lita Valdez
Edgar Kennedy as Doc Hogan, Fight Promoter
Veda Ann Borg as Flossie Rankin
Jack La Rue as Al Johnson
Terry Frost as Jerry O'Leary
Anthony Caruso as Alberto 'Baby' Valdez
Charles Williams as Harry Hollis
Bryant Washburn as Fight Commissioner Bogart
Guy Zanette as Tony Perrone
Wheeler Oakman as Fight Announcer
Jay Silverheels as Fighter Tito Flores
Renee Helms as Hat Check Girl

Soundtrack
Armida - "Jive, Brother, Jive" (Written by Lou Herscher and Harold Raymond)
Armida - "Last Night's All Over" (Written by Lou Herscher and Harold Raymond)
Armida - "The Girl from Monterrey" (Written by Lou Herscher and Harold Raymond)

External links
The Girl from Monterrey at the American Film Institute Catalog
The Girl from Monterrey at IMDb
The Girl from Monterrey is available for free viewing and download at the Internet Archive
Passage 9:
The Girl from Scotland Yard
The Girl from Scotland Yard is a 1937 American detective film starring Karen Morley.Actor Jon Hall appears under the name "Lloyd Crane".

Plot
Detective Beech (Karen Morley) and reporter Holt (Robert Baldwin) pursue a death ray–wielding anarchist (Eduardo Cianelli) with a pathological hatred of England.

Cast
Karen Morley as Linda Beech
Robert Baldwin as Derrick Holt
Eduardo Ciannelli as Franz Jorg
Katharine Alexander as Lady Lavering
Lloyd Crane as Bertie
Dennis O'Keefe as John
Milli Monti as herself
Lynn Anders as Mary Smith
Richard Ted Adams as valet
Odette Myrtilas Mme Dupré
Claude King as Sir Eric Ledyard
Leonid Kinskey as Mischa

Critical reception
Leonard Maltin wrote, "escapist story of girl trying to track down mysterious madman with destruction ray is poorly handled; not nearly as much fun as it might have been." and Fantastic Movie Musings & Ramblings wrote, "there are nice touches here and there...but all in all, it's merely rather ordinary. Not bad for a slow day and keep your expectations in check."
Passage 10:
Maren Ade
Maren Ade (German: [ˈmaːʁən ˈʔaːdə]; born 12 December 1976) is a German film director, screenwriter and producer. Ade lives in Berlin, teaching screenwriting at the Film Academy Baden-Württemberg in Ludwigsburg. Together with Janine Jackowski and Jonas Dornbach, she runs the production company Komplizen Film.

Early life and education
Ade was born in Karlsruhe, West Germany. As a teenager, she directed her first short films.In 1998, she  began studying film production and media management, and later film direction at the University of Television and Film (HFF) in Munich, which she successfully completed in 2004.

Career
In 2001, Ade co-founded the film production company Komplizen Film together with Janine Jackowski, a fellow graduate from HFF. It was with Komplizen Film that she produced her final student film The Forest for the Trees at HFF in 2003. Among other honors, the film received the Special Jury Award at the Sundance Film Festival in 2005. The Forest for the Trees was screened at a large number of international festivals.
In 2009, her second film Everyone Else celebrated its world premiere in the Official Competition section of the Berlin International Film Festival, where it received the Silver Bear for Best Film (Jury Grand Prix) and the Best Actress Silver Bear for Birgit Minichmayr. Everyone Else was released in theatres in over 18 countries.
In 2012, Ade announced she would be writing and directing a film called Toni Erdmann about a man who begins to play pranks on his adult daughter after he finds she has become too serious. The film debuted In Competition at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival, the first German film to debut there in 10 years. The film won the top prize at the European Film Awards (Best European Film), thus making Ade the first woman to direct a movie that won the top prize at those awards.

Personal life
Ade lives with director Ulrich Köhler and their two children in Berlin.

Awards and nominations
2005: Special Jury Award, Sundance Film Festival for The Forest for the Trees
2005: Best Feature Film - Grand Prize, IndieLisboa - International Independent Film Festival for The Forest for the Trees
2005: Best Film, nomination for the German Film Award for The Forest for the Trees
2005: Best Feature Film, Cine Jove Valencia Film Festival for The Forest for the Trees
2005: Best Actress: Eva Löbau, Buenos Aires Independent Film Festival for The Forest for the Trees
2009: Silver Bear – Jury Grand Prix, Berlinale, for Everyone Else
2009: Silver Bear– Best Actress for Birgit Minichmayr, Berlinale, for Everyone Else
2010: Nominated for Best Film, Best Direction and Best Female Lead for Birgit Minichmayr, German Film Award for Everyone Else
2010: Best Direction and FIPRESCI Critics' Award, Buenos Aires Festival of Independent Cinema for Everyone Else
2010: Main Prize, International Women's Film Festival Dortmund for Everyone Else
2010: Best Actor for Lars Eidinger, Love Is Folly International Film Festival for Everyone Else
2010: Best Actress for Birgit Minichmayr, Ourense Film Festival for Everyone Else
2014: Berlin Art Prize in the category Film and Media Art
2015: DEFA Foundation Award for Outstanding Performance in German Film for Komplizen Film
2016: Academy Award nomination,  Best Foreign Film, for "Toni Erdmann"

Filmography
As director and screenwriter2000 Level 9, short film (script and direction)
2001 Vegas, short film (script and direction)
2003 The Forest for the Trees, feature film (script and direction)
2009 Everyone Else, feature film (script and direction)
2016 Toni Erdmann, feature film (script and direction)As producer2002 Karma Cowboy, feature film by Sonja Heiss and Vanessa van Houten, producer
2006 Hotel Very Welcome, feature film by Sonja Heiss, producer
2011 Sleeping Sickness, feature film by Ulrich Köhler, producer
2012 Tabu, feature film by Miguel Gomes, co-producer
2012 The Dead and the Living, feature film by Barbara Albert, co-producer
2013 Tanta Agua, feature film by Ana Guevara and Leticia Jorge, co-producer
2013 Redemption, short film by Miguel Gomes, co-producer
2014 Superegos, feature film by Benjamin Heisenberg, producer
2014 Love Island, feature film by Jasmila Zbanic, co-producer
2015 Hedi Schneider Is Stuck, feature film by Sonja Heiss, producer
2015 Arabian Nights, feature film by Miguel Gomes, co-producer
2017 Western, feature film by Valeska Grisebach, producer
2020 The Story of My Wife, feature film by Ildikó Enyedi, producer
2021 Spencer, feature film by Pablo Larraín, producer


Passage 1:
Antonio Maceo Airport
Antonio Maceo Airport (IATA: SCU, ICAO: MUCU) is an international airport located in Santiago, Cuba.

Overview
The airport has a drawing of Che Guevara on one of its outside walls. Pope John Paul II flew to this airport during his last visit to Cuba, flying a round trip between here and José Martí International Airport in Havana. Likewise, Pope Benedict XVI, during the second papal visit to Cuba, flew here for Mass and other activities, from his visit to León and Guanajuato in Mexico, before moving on to Havana.
The airport is basically a turbo-prop centre. Nevertheless, jet aircraft also fly to this airport. Most commercial flights into SCU are domestic, but there are about twenty international flights each week; while these international flights were at one point done mostly by domestic airlines, the international routes have nevertheless awakened the interest of some foreign airlines that have opened flights into this airport and might open more flights in the future.

Airlines and destinations
Santiago de Cuba Base
The airport was home to the Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces:

35th Transport Regiment - Antonov An-2 and Antonov An-26 transports
36th Helicopter Regiment - Mil Mi-8 and Mil Mi-24The helipads are now part of the executive jet terminal on the north end of the airport.

Accidents and incidents
On 2 October 1959, a Viscount of Cubana de Aviación was hijacked on a flight from Havana to Antonio Maceo Airport, Santiago de Cuba by three men demanding to be taken to the United States. The aircraft landed at the Miami International Airport.
On 4 November 2010, Aero Caribbean Flight 883, an ATR 72-212, crashed in the centre of the country with 68 people on board. The aircraft was flying from Santiago de Cuba to Havana when it went down. 28 foreigners were reported to be among the passengers. There were no survivors.
Passage 2:
Rosamond Skypark
Rosamond Skypark (FAA LID: L00) is a residential airpark and public-use airport located three nautical miles (6 km) west of the central business district of Rosamond, in Kern County, California, United States. It is privately owned by the Rosamond Skypark Association.

Facilities and aircraft
Rosamond Skypark covers an area of 100 acres (40 ha) at an elevation of 2,415 feet (736 m) above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 8/26 with an asphalt surface measuring 3,600 by 50 feet (1,097 x 15 m).For the 12-month period ending May 3, 2011, the airport had 15,000 general aviation aircraft operations, an average of 41 per day. At that time there were 71 aircraft based at this airport: 89% single-engine, 4% multi-engine, 1% helicopter, 3% glider, and 3% ultralight.The facility was designed by aeronautical engineer Sam Ramsey, who resided at the sleepy airport for years prior to the development. He envisioned an airport where pilots could commute to Los Angeles while enjoying the quiet High Desert as a residence.

See also
List of airports in Kern County, California
Passage 3:
Ampanihy Airport
Ampanihy Airport (IATA: AMP, ICAO: FMSY) is an airport located in Ampanihy, Madagascar.

Airlines and destinations

== Sources ==
Passage 4:
Crow Island Airport
Crow Island Airport (also known as Crow Island Airpark) is a private airport along the Assabet River in Stow, Massachusetts, United States. It has a 2,300 foot grass airstrip which is popular with "pilots flying a variety of aircraft including, trikes, ultralights, vintage taildraggers, seaplanes, hang gliders, powered paragliders, powered parachutes, RC aircraft and more."Crow Island had previously been used for a gravel business operated by George Morey. In 1978 Rob Albright, an ultralight enthusiast, received permission to fly at the island, and he eventually purchased and redeveloped the land for full-time use as a small airport.
Passage 5:
Madang Airport
Madang Airport (IATA: MAG, ICAO: AYMD), is an airport located in Madang, Papua New Guinea.

Airlines and destinations
History
World War II
During World War II, occupied by the Imperial Japanese Army in January 1943, as a forward operating airfield for aircraft based at Wewak. Later expanded to a 3250' x 240' runway with a single taxiway with 31 revetment areas. Bombed by the allies during late 1943 and early 1944 the airfield became unserviceable.

Imperial Japanese Army Air Force Units at Madang
Imperial Japanese Army Air Force

59th Sentai (Nakajima Ki-43 Oscar)
68th Sentai (Kawasaki Ki-61 Tony)
248th Sentai (Nakajima Ki-43-III Oscar)

Allied Liberation
Liberated by Australian Army forces on 24 April 1944. A large amount of high octane fuel was captured and used by the Australians for use in the Royal Australian Navy motor launch boats. The airfield was repaired and used by the Royal Australian Air Force until the end of the war.
Post WW2 in 1947, the Department of Civil Aviation sent an airport manager to Madang to oversee the building of the airport. Accommodation for the workers also had to be built as well as airplane hangars and a control tower. Wooden floors on concrete slabs were laid. Knitted woven bark for the walls was floated downstream, made by the natives, who were paid in cash. When the bark hut accommodation was ready, motor mechanics, radio technicians and other workers arrived along with wives and children. Eventually packaged Hawksley houses arrived from Britain and were built in the township of Madang.

Royal Australian Air Force Units at Madang
Headquarters, RAAF Northern Command (NORCOM)
No. 4 Squadron RAAF (CAC Boomerang)
No. 8 Communication Unit RAAF
No. 15 Squadron RAAF (Bristol Beaufort)
No. 111 Air-Sea Rescue Flight RAAF (PBY Catalina)
No. 120 (Netherlands East Indies) Squadron RAAF
No. 2 Medical Receiving Station RAAF
No. 109 Mobile Fighter Sector Headquarters RAAF

Accidents and incidents
On 11 April 1972, Douglas C-47 VH-PNB of Trans Australia Airlines overran the runway on landing, ending up in the sea damaged beyond economic repair.
On 17 July 1972, Douglas C-47A VH-MAE of Ansett Airlines of Papua New Guinea was damaged beyond economic repair when the starboard undercarriage collapsed on landing. The aircraft was operating a domestic cargo flight from Wapenamanda Airport.
On 30 October 1972, Douglas C-47B VH-PNA of Ansett Airlines of Papua New Guinea overran the runway on landing. The aircraft was subsequently withdrawn from use and used for fire practice, eventually being scrapped in 1978.
On 31 May 1995 an Air Niugini Fokker F-28 Fellowship 1000, registration P2-ANB, attempted a landing in bad weather and aquaplaned off the runway and fell into a ditch at the eastern end of the runway. The aircraft was carrying 4 crew and 35 passengers, none of whom was injured.
On 19 October 2013 an Air Niugini Avions de Transport Regional ATR-42-300 cargo plane, registration P2-PXY, made a failed takeoff attempt and fell into in Mero Creek at the western end of the runway. The right wing and engine were destroyed by fire but the three crew escaped to safety with minor injuries. There were no passengers on board.

See also
Naval Base Alexishafen
Passage 6:
Breakaway Airport
Breakaway Airport, also known as Hank Sasser Airport, (ICAO: 40XS) is a privately-owned, private use airport in Cedar Park, Texas, United States. Located about 3 miles (4.8 km) northeast of Downtown Cedar Park, it covers 25 acres (10.1 ha) and has one runway. It serves as the base for the fly-in community Breakaway Park.

History
Founding
In 1977, United States Marine Corps veteran and amateur pilot Walter Yates purchased land for the purpose of establishing a fly-in community. This land would become Breakaway Park, a subdivision of the City of Cedar Park that featured a 3,000 foot (914.4 m) grass runway at its center. Initially, Breakaway would consist of the single unpaved runway and a handful of hangars near its northern end, but would see continuous development that continues to the present day. The subdivision would be managed by Breakaway Park, Incorporated, of which Yates was the president until the company's dissolution on March 26, 2001.

Modern History
On January 1, 2008, Breakaway Park fell under the management of residents Donald Richie and Dennis Gale, operating as D&D Airport Holdings LLC.

Runway Resurfacing
Over the years 2014 and 2015, Breakaway's grass runway would be paved over with asphalt, but its length and width would remain unchanged.

Name Change
In 2014, Breakaway Airport's name would be changed to Hank Sasser/Breakaway Airport in honor of amateur pilot John Henry "Hank" Sasser. He was a Cedar Park native that operated his personal aircraft out of Breakaway, and died in an airplane crash in Lago Vista, Texas on August 23, 2014.

Facilities
Breakaway Airport offers fuel and oxygen services to residents of Breakaway Park. There are no air traffic control facilities on-site.

Runway and Hangars
Breakaway Airport has one runway. Hangars are located on either side of the runway, many of which are attached to private residences.

Statistics
As of December 2021, there are 23 aircraft based at Breakaway Airport.
Passage 7:
Edmonton/Twin Island Airpark
Edmonton/Twin Island Airpark (TC LID: CEE6), also known as Twin Island Air Park, is located 12 nautical miles (22 km; 14 mi) southeast of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

See also
List of airports in the Edmonton Metropolitan Region
Passage 8:
Esquimalt Airport
Esquimalt Airport (IATA: YPF, ICAO: CYPF) was an airport located in Esquimalt, British Columbia, Canada.
Passage 9:
Mayerthorpe Airport
Mayerthorpe Airport (TC LID: CEV5) is located 1.3 nautical miles (2.4 km; 1.5 mi) southwest of Mayerthorpe, Alberta, Canada.
Passage 10:
Erzincan Airport
Erzincan Yıldırım Akbulut Airport (IATA: ERC, ICAO: LTCD) is an airport located in Erzincan, Turkey.

Airlines and destinations
Traffic Statistics
(*)Source: DHMI.gov.tr