question: Who does P. Christiaan Klieger believe undertook the former imperial tributaries ?
answer: the Republic of China and its Communist successors
turker_answer: P. Christiaan Klieger believes the Republic of China and its Communist successors undertook the former imperial tributaries .
rule-based: P. Christiaan Klieger believes undertook the Republic of China and its Communist successors the former imperial tributaries .