question: What groups began to appear in northern Italy and southern France during the 11th century ?
answer: Patarini , the Dulcinians , the Waldensians and the Cathars
turker_answer: The Patarini , Dulcinians , Waldensians , and the Cathars are groups that began to appear in northern Italy and southern France during the 11th century .
rule-based: Patarini , the Dulcinians , the Waldensians and the Cathars began to appear in northern Italy and southern France during the 11th century .