Amitriptyline/perphenazine
Amitriptyline/perphenazine (Duo-Vil, Etrafon, Triavil, Triptafen) is a formulation that contains the tricyclic antidepressant amitriptyline and the medium-potency typical (first-generation) antipsychotic, perphenazine. In the United States amitriptyline/perphenazine is marketed by Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc. and Remedy Repack Inc.

Medical uses
In the United States amitriptyline/perphenazine is indicated for the treatment of patients with:
Moderate-severe anxiety and/or agitation and depression
Depression and anxiety in association with chronic physical disease
Schizophrenia with prominent depressive symptoms

Adverse effects
Common (>1% incidence) adverse effects include
Sedation
Hypertension — high blood pressure.
Neurological impairments (such as extrapyramidal side effects which include dystonia, akathisia, parkinsonism, muscle rigidity, etc.)
Anticholinergic side effects such as:- Blurred vision
- Constipation
- Dry mouth
- Nasal congestionIncreased appetite
Weight gain
Nausea
Dizziness
Headache
VomitingUnknown frequency adverse effects include
Diarrhoea
Alopecia — hair loss
Photophobia
Pigmentation
Eczema up to exfoliative dermatitis
Urticaria
Erythema
Itching
Photosensitivity (increased sensitivity of affected skin to sunlight)
Hypersalivation — excessive salivation.
Hyperprolactinaemia — elevated blood prolactin levels. This may present with the following symptoms:- Galactorrhea — the release of milk that is not associated with pregnancy or breastfeeding
- Gynaecomastia — the development of breast tissue in males
- Disturbances in menstrual cycle
- Sexual dysfunctionPigmentation of the cornea and lens
Hyperglycaemia — elevated blood glucose (sugar) levels.
Hypoglycaemia — low blood glucose (sugar) levels.
Disturbed concentration
Excitement
Anxiety
Insomnia
Restlessness
Nightmares
Weakness
Fatigue
Diaphoresis — excessive/abnormal sweating.Uncommon/Rare adverse effects include
Tardive dyskinesia, an often irreversible adverse effect that usually results from chronic use antipsychotic medications, especially the high-potency first-generation antipsychotics. It is characterised by slow (hence tardive), involuntary, repetitive, purposeless muscle movements.
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, a potentially fatal complication of antipsychotic drug use. It is characterised by the following symptoms:- Muscle rigidity
- Tremors
- Mental status change (e.g. hallucinations, agitation, stupor, confusion, etc.)
- Hyperthermia — elevated body temperature
- Autonomic instability (e.g. tachycardia, high blood pressure, diaphoresis, diarrhoea, etc.)Urinary retention — the inability to pass urine despite having urine to pass.
Blood dyscrasias e.g. agranulocytosis (a potentially fatal drop in white blood cell count), leukopaenia (a drop in white blood cell counts but not to as extreme an extent as agranulocytosis), neutropaenia (a drop in neutrophil [the cells of the immune system that specifically destroy bacteria] count), thrombocytopaenia (a dangerous drop in platelet [a cell found in the blood that plays a crucial role in the blood clotting process] counts), purpura (the appearance of red or purple discolourations of the skin that do not blanch when pressure is applied), eosinophilia (raised eosinophil [the cells of the immune system that specifically fights off parasites] count)
Hepatitis — inflammation of the liver
Jaundice
Pigmentary retinopathy
Anaphylactoid reactions
Oedema — the abnormal buildup of fluids in the tissues
Asthma
Coma
Seizures
Confusional states
Disorientation
Incoordination
Ataxia
Tremors
Peripheral neuropathy — nerve damage
Numbness, tingling and paresthesias of the extremities
Dysarthria
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH)
Tinnitus — falsely hearing ringing in the ears.
Alteration in EEG patterns
Paralytic ileus — cessation of the peristaltic waves that propel partially digested food through the digestive tract.
Hyperpyrexia (elevated body temperature)
Disturbance of accommodation
Increased intraocular pressure
Mydriasis

Pharmacology
Binding affinities (Ki[nM]; for human cloned receptors when available)

See also
Flupentixol/melitracen
Olanzapine/fluoxetine
Tranylcypromine/trifluoperazine


== References ==