Esophageal disease
Esophageal diseases can derive from congenital conditions, or they can be acquired later in life.
Many people experience a burning sensation in their chest occasionally, caused by stomach acids refluxing into the esophagus, normally called heartburn. Extended exposure to heartburn may erode the lining of the esophagus, leading potentially to Barretts esophagus which is associated with an increased risk of adenocarcinoma most commonly found in the distal one-third of the esophagus.
Some people also experience a sensation known as globus esophagus, where it feels as if a ball is lodged in the lower part of the esophagus.
The following are additional diseases and conditions that affect the esophagus:

Achalasia
Acute esophageal necrosis
Barretts esophagus
Boerhaave syndrome
Caustic injury to the esophagus
Chagas disease
Diffuse esophageal spasm
Esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula
Esophageal cancer
Esophageal dysphagia
Esophageal varices
Esophageal web
Esophagitis
GERD
Hiatus hernia
Jackhammer esophagus (hypercontractile peristalsis)
Killian–Jamieson diverticulum
Mallory–Weiss syndrome
Neurogenic dysphagia
Nutcracker esophagus
Schatzkis ring
Zenkers diverticulum

References
External links

Esophageal and Swallowing Disorders, Merck & Company Inc.