Renal hypoplasia
Renal hypoplasia is an abnormality that a person is born with in which one or both of the kidneys are smaller than normal (hypoplastic) but with normal structure.It is defined as abnormally small kidneys, where the size is less than two standard deviations below the expected mean for the corresponding demographics, and the morphology is normal. Disease severity depends on whether hypoplasia is unilateral or bilateral, and the degree of reduction in the number of nephrons.

Presentation
Hypoplastic kidneys are prone to infection and kidney stone formation, have a reduced nephron number,( normal corticomedullary differentiation)

Complications
Renal hypoplasia is a common cause of kidney failure in children and also of adult-onset disease.

Diagnosis
Diagnosis is typically through ultrasonography.

Prevalence
Epidemiologic studies point to an estimated incidence of 1 in 400 births.


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