Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers from glossopharyngeal nerve [IX]Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from otic ganglionPreganglionic parasympathetic fibers from facial nerve [VII]Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from submandibular ganglionTympanic plexusLesser petrosal nerveOtic ganglionChorda tympani (carries taste fromthe anterior 2/3 of the tongue)Sublingual glandSubmandibularglandChorda tympanicarries parasympatheticinnervation to all glandsbelow the oral fissureSubmandibularganglionLingual nerveAuriculotemporal nerveParotid glandTympanic membraneChorda tympaniTympanic nerveInferior ganglionGreater petrosal nerveBGlossopharyngeal nerve [IX]Facial nerve [VII]Mandibular nerve [V3]Maxillary nerve [V2]Ophthalmic nerve [V1]Trigeminal nerve [V]
Fig. 8.151 Maxillary artery.
Branches of middlemeningeal in cranial cavityMiddle meningeal arteryArtery to masseterUpper head oflateral pterygoid (cut )Pterygoid arteryPterygopalatine fossaLower head of lateralpterygoid (cut )Buccal arteryMental arteryInferior alveolar arteryExternal carotidMaxillary arteryAuriculotemporal nerveSuperficial temporal arteryDeep temporal arteries
Fig. 8.152 Pterygoid plexus of veins.
Maxillary veinEmissary veins(connect with cavernous sinus)Inferior ophthalmic veinDeep facial veinFacial veinInferior alveolar veinSuperficial temporal veinExternal jugular veinInternal jugular veinPosterior auricular veinRetromandibular vein
Fig. 8.153 Pterygopalatine fossa. A. Anterolateral view. B. Lateral view.
Fig. 8.154 Sphenoid bone. A. Anterior view. B. Posterosuperior view.
AForamen rotundumSurface related topterygopalatine fossaPterygoid canalPalatovaginal grooveBLesser wingGreater wingForamen rotundumPosterior opening of bony part of pterygoid canalPterygoid processPart of pterygoid canal incartilage of foramen lacerumCartilage filling foramen lacerumGreater petrosal nerve of VIIMaxillary nerve [V2]Internal carotid arterySuperior orbital fissure
Fig. 8.155 Gateways of the pterygopalatine fossa.
Sphenopalatine foramennasal cavityInferior orbital fissurefloor of orbitPterygomaxillary fissureinfratemporal fossaPalatine canalroof of oral cavity (palate)Pterygoid canalcranial cavity(middle cranial fossa)Foramen rotundumcranial cavity(middle cranial fossa)Palatovaginal canalnasopharynx
Fig. 8.156 Maxillary nerve [V2]. A. Terminal branches. B. In relationship to the pterygopalatine ganglion.
Fig. 8.157 Nerve of the pterygoid canal. A. Overview. B. In relationship to the pterygopalatine ganglion.