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TABLE 3 Definitions of DSM-5 personality disorder trait domains
NEGATIVEAFFECTIVITY Frequent and intense experiences of high levels of a wide range of (vs. Emotional Stability) (vs. Extraversion) negative emotions (e.g., anxiety, depression, guilt/ shame, worry, anger) and their behavioral (e.g., self-harm) and interpersonal (e.g.,
Instability of emotional experiences and mood; emotions that are easily aroused, intense, and/ or out of proportion to events and cir-
Feelings of nervousness, tenseness, or panic in reaction to diverse situa- tions; frequent worry about the negative effects of past unpleasant apprehensive about uncertainty; expecting the worst to happen.
Fears of being alone due to rejection by—and/ or separation from— significant others, based in a lack of confidence in one’s ability to care for oneself, both physically and emotionally.
Adaptation of one’s behavior to the actual or perceived interests and desires of others even when doing so is antithetical to one’s own interests, needs, or desires.
to minor slights and insults; mean, nasty, or vengeful behavior. See also Antagonism.
Persistence at tasks or in a particular way of doing things long after the behavior has ceased to be functional or effective; continuance of the same behavior despite repeated failures or clear reasons for stopping.
See Detachment.
See Detachment.
The lack of this facet characterizes low levels of Negative Affectivity.
See Detachment for definition of this facet.
Avoidance of socioemotiona] experience, including both withdrawal from interpersonal interactions (ranging from casual, daily interac- tions to friendships to intimate relationships) and restricted affective experience and expression, particularly limited hedonic capacity.