of reference A delusion in which events, objects, or other persons in one’s immedi- ate environment are seen as having a particular and unusual significance. These delusions are usually of a negative or pejorative nature but also may be grandiose in content. A delusion of reference differs from an idea of reference, in which the false belief is not as firmly held nor as fully organized into a true belief.
persecutory A delusion in which the central theme is that one (or someone to whom one is close) is being attacked, harassed, cheated, persecuted, or conspired against.
820 Glossary of Technical Terms somatic A delusion whose main content pertains to the appearance or functioning of one’s body.
thought broadcasting A delusion that one’s thoughts are being broadcast out loud so that they can be perceived by others.
thought insertion A delusion that certain of one’s thoughts are not one’s own, but rather are inserted into one’s mind.
depersonalization The experience of feeling detached from, and as if one is an outside observer of, one’s mental processes, body, or actions (e.g., feeling like one is in a dream; a sense of unreality of self, perceptual alterations; emotional and / or physical numbing; temporal distortions; sense of unreality).
depressivity Feelings of being intensely sad, miserable, and / or hopeless. Some patients describe an absence of feelings and/ or dysphoria; difficulty recovering from such moods; pessimism about the future; pervasive shame and/ or guilt; feelings of inferior self—worth; and thoughts of suicide and suicidal behavior. Depressivity is a facet of the broad personality trait domain DETACHMENT.
derealization The experience of feeling detached from, and as if one is an outside ob- server of, one’s surroundings (e.g., individuals or objects are experienced as unreal, dreamlike, foggy, lifeless, or visually distorted).
detachment Avoidance of socioemotional experience, including both WTTHDRAWAL from interpersonal interactions (ranging from casual, daily interactions to friendships and inti- mate relationships [i.e., H\1TIMACY AVOIDANCED and RESTRICTED AFFECTIVITY, particularly limited hedonic capacity. Detachment is one of the five pathological PERSONALITY TRAIT
DOMAINS defined in Section III "Altemative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders.” disinhibition Orientation toward immediate gratification, leading to impulsive behav- ior driven by current thoughts, feelings, and external stimuli, without regard for past learning or consideration of future consequences. RIGID PERFECTIONISM, the opposite pole of this domain, reﬂects excessive constraint of impulses, risk avoidance, hyper- responsibility, hyperperfectionism, and rigid, rule—governed behavior. Disinhibition is one of the five pathological PERSONALITY TRAIT DOMAINS defined in Section 111 ”Al- ternative DSM-S Model for Personality Disorders." disorder of sex development Condition of significant inborn somatic deviations of the reproductive tract from the norm and / or of discrepancies among the biological indica- tors of male and female.
disorientation Confusion about the time of day, date, or season (time); where one is (place); or who one is (person).
dissociation The splitting off of clusters of mental contents from conscious awareness.
Dissociation is a mechanism central to dissociative disorders. The term is also used to describe the separation of an idea from its emotional significance and affect, as seen in the inappropriate affect in schizophrenia. Often a result of psychic trauma, dissociation may allow the individual to maintain allegiance to two contradictory truths while re- maining unconscious of the contradiction. An extreme manifestation of dissociation is dissociative identity disorder, in which a person may exhibit several independent per- sonalities, each unaware of the others.