This category applies to presentations in which symptoms characteristic of a neurocogni- tive disorder that cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning predominate but do not meet the full criteria for any of the disorders in the neurocognitive disorders diagnostic class. The unspecified neuro- cognitive disorder category is used in situations in which the precise etiology cannot be determined with sufficient certainty to make an etiological attribution.
Coding note: For unspecified major or mild neurocognitive disorder, code 799.59 (R419).
(Note: Do not use additional codes for any presumed etiological medical conditions. Be- havioral disturbance cannot be coded but may be indicated in writing.)
Th lS Chapter beg l US with a general definition of personality disorder that applies to each of the 10 specific personality disorders. A personality disorder is an enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations of the in- dividual’s culture, is pervasive and inﬂexible, has an onset in adolescence or early adult- hood, is stable over time, and leads to distress or impairment.
With any ongoing review process, especially one of this complexity, different view- points emerge, and an effort was made to accommodate them. Thus, personality disorders are included in both Sections II and III. The material in Section II represents an update of text associated with the same criteria found in DSM-IV-TR, whereas Section III includes the proposed research model for personality disorder diagnosis and conceptualization de- veloped by the DSM-S Personality and Personality Disorders Work Group. As this field evolves, it is hoped that both versions will serve clinical practice and research initiatives, respectively.
The following personality disorders are included in this chapter.
0 Paranoid personality disorder is a pattern of distrust and suspiciousness such that oth- ers’ motives are interpreted as malevolent.
0 Schizoid personality disorder is a pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of emotional expression.
0 Schizotypal personality disorder is a pattern of acute discomfort in close relationships, cognitive or perceptual distortions, and eccentricities of behavior.
0 Antisocial personality disorder is a pattern of disregard for, and violation of, the rights of others.
0 Borderline personality disorder is a pattern of instability in interpersonal relation- ships, self—image, and affects, and marked impulsivity.
0 Histrionic personality disorder is a pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking.
- Narcissistic personality disorder is a pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy.
- Avoidant personality disorder is a pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation.
0 Dependent personality disorder is a pattern of submissive and clinging behavior re- lated to an excessive need to be taken care of.
0 Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder is a pattern of preoccupation with order- liness, perfectionism, and control.
0 Personality change due to another medical condition is a persistent personality dis- turbance that is judged to be due to the direct physiological effects of a medical condi- tion (e.g., frontal lobe lesion).
. Other specified personality disorder and unspecified personality disorder is a cate- gory provided for two situations: 1) the individual’s personality pattern meets the gen- eral criteria for a personality disorder, and traits of several different personality disorders are present, but the criteria for any specific personality disorder are not met; or 2) the individual’s personality pattern meets the general criteria for a personality dis- order, but the individual is considered to have a personality disorder that is not in- cluded in the DSM-5 classification (e.g., passive-aggressive personality disorder).
The personality disorders are grouped into three clusters based on descriptive similarities.