Ulnar nerveRadial arteryUlnar arteryPronator teres (humeral head)Pronator teres(ulnar head)Median nerveMedian cubitalveinUlnar nerveMedian nerveBasilic veinBasilic veinMedial cutaneousnerve of forearmLateral cutaneousnerve of forearmForearm extensorsLine betweenlateral and medialepicondylesForearm flexorsBrachioradialisBrachialisRadial nerveRadial nerveCephalic veinMusculocutaneous nerveBrachioradialis(pulled back )Deep branchof radial nerveSupinatorSuperficial branch of radial nerveTendon (biceps brachii)Biceps brachiiRadial arteryUlnar arteryTriceps brachiiABCDPronator teres Artery(brachial)Nerve(median)BicipitalaponeurosisMedial intermuscularseptumCubital fossaMedialepicondyleLateralepicondyleTendon (biceps)Artery (brachial)Nerve (median)Ulnar nerveRadial nerve
Fig. 7.78 Digital subtraction angiograms of forearm demonstrating a surgically created radiocephalic fistula.
A. Anteroposterior view. B. Lateral view.
Fig. 7.79 Forearm. A. Proximal and distal relationships of the forearm. B. Transverse section through the middle of the forearm.
Cubital fossaCarpal tunnelUlnaMedian nerveLong flexortendons of digitsBiceps tendonBrachial arteryMedian nerveUlnaRadiusRadiusPosteriorcompartmentDeep fasciaBALateral intermuscular septumAnterior compartmentInterosseous membraneArmElbow jointForearmWrist jointHand
Fig. 7.80 Radius. A. Shaft and distal end of the right radius. B. Radiograph of the forearm (anteroposterior view).
Fig. 7.81 Shaft and distal end of right ulna.
AnteriorsurfaceAnterior border(rounded)Posterior border(sharp)Anterior surfaceInterosseousborderMedialsurfaceAnterior borderPosterior surfaceUlnar styloid processRougheningfor attachmentof pronator quadratusAttachment ofarticular discInterosseousborderTrochlearnotchTuberosity of ulnaCoronoidprocessRadial notchOlecranonAnterior viewDistal view
Fig. 7.82 Distal radio-ulnar joint and the interosseous membrane.
Fig. 7.83 Pronation and supination.
PronatedSupinatedSupinatorBiceps brachiiPronator teresPronator teresand pronatorquadratuscontractSupinator andbiceps brachiicontractPronator quadratusSupinatedAxis of movement
Fig. 7.84 Abduction of the distal end of the ulna by the anconeus during pronation.
Abduction ofulna by anconeusduring pronationAxis of movementwith abduction of ulnaAnconeus
Fig. 7.85 Superficial layer of forearm muscles. A. Superficial muscles (flexor retinaculum not shown). B. Flexor carpi ulnaris muscle.
Median nerveFlexor carpi radialisPalmaris longusFlexor carpi ulnaris Palmar aponeurosisPisometacarpal ligamentPisiformUlnar head offlexor carpi ulnarisABHumeral head ofpronator teresUlnar head ofpronator teresHumeral head offlexor carpi ulnarisUlnar nerveUlnar nerveBrachial arteryUlnar arteryRadial arteryPronator teres (cut )Pisohamate ligamentHook of hamate
Fig. 7.86 Intermediate layer of forearm muscles.