Lacrimal glandGlands onpalatePterygopalatine ganglionPalatine nerveLabial glandsLingual glandsSublingual glandSubmandibular glandSubmandibular ganglionOtic ganglionAuriculotemporal nerve (from [V3])Parotid gland innervated by [IX]Chorda tympani[V][VII][IX]Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers from [IX]Greater petrosal nerveAll glands abovelevel of oral fissureinnervated by greater petrosal of [VII]All glands below level of oral fissureinnervated bychorda tympani of [VII]
Fig. 8.267 Course of parasympathetic fibers carried in the chorda tympani nerve.
Fig. 8.268 Summary of sympathetic innervation of glands in the head.
Fig. 8.269 Palate.
Fig. 8.270 A. Tensor veli palatini muscles and the palatine aponeurosis. B. Levator veli palatini muscles. C. Palatopharyngeus muscles.
Muscular part of tensor veli palatiniCartilaginous part ofpharyngotympanic tubeFibrous part of pharyngotympanic tubePalatine aponeurosisPterygoid hamulusPosition of palatopharyngealsphincterPharyngeal rapheSuperior constrictor of pharynxPterygomandibular rapheBuccinator musclePterygopalatine fossaABCNasal cavityMedial pterygoid plateLateral pterygoid plateNasal septumLevator veli palatiniPalatopharyngeus
Fig. 8.271 Open mouth with soft palate. A. Oropharyngeal isthmus opened. B. Oropharyngeal isthmus closed.
ABPalatoglossal archPalatopharyngeal archPosterior wall of oropharynxSoft palateSoft palateTongueUvulaPalatine tonsilAnterior margin oforopharyngeal isthmus(palatoglossal arch)Closure of oropharyngeal isthmus• Medial and downward movement of palatoglossal arches• Medial and downward movement of palatopharyngeal arches• Upward movement of tongue• Downward and forward movement of soft palate
Fig. 8.272 Palatoglossus muscles and musculus uvulae.
Musculus uvulaePalatoglossusfrom underside of aponeurosisPalatine tonsil
Fig. 8.273 Arteries of the palate.
Fig. 8.274 Palatine nerves and arteries.
Incisive fossaNasopalatine nerveGreater palatine nerveGreater palatine foramenLesser palatine foramenLesser palatine nerveUvulaBranches from ascending palatine artery of facial artery and palatine branch of ascending pharyngeal arteryLesser palatine arteryGreater palatine artery
Fig. 8.275 Venous and lymphatic drainage of the palate.
Fig. 8.276 Innervation of the palate.
Greater petrosal nerve (preganglionic parasympatheticand special sensory [taste])[VII]Deep petrosal nerve (postganglionic sympathetic)Superior cervical sympathetic ganglionSympathetic trunkPreganglionicsympathetic from T1UvulaInternal carotid arteryNerve of pterygoid canalLesser palatine nerveLesser palatine foramenGreater palatine nerveNasopalatine nerveGreater palatine foramenPalatine canalPterygopalatine ganglionNasopalatine nerveMaxillary nerve[V]