Fig. 5.19 Right pelvic bone. A. Medial view. B. Lateral view.
Fig. 5.20 Ilium, ischium, and pubis.
Fig. 5.21 Components of the pelvic bone. A. Medial surface. B. Lateral surface.
Fig. 5.22 Sacrum and coccyx. A. Anterior view. B. Posterior view. C. Lateral view.
Fig. 5.23 Lumbosacral joints and associated ligaments. A. Lateral view. B. Anterior view.
Fig. 5.24 Sacro-iliac joints and associated ligaments. A. Lateral view. B. Anterior view. C. Posterior view.
Fig. 5.25 Pubic symphysis and associated ligaments.
Fig. 5.26 Orientation of the pelvis (anatomical position).
Fig. 5.27 Structure of the bony pelvis. A. In women. B. In men. The angle formed by the pubic arch can be approximated by the angle between the thumb and index finger for women and the angle between the index finger and middle finger for men as shown in the insets.
Fig. 5.28 Pelvic inlet.
PromontoryMargin of alaSacro-iliac jointArcuatelinePectenpubisPubic crestLinea terminalisPubic symphysisPubictubercle
Fig. 5.29 Sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments. A. Medial view of right side of pelvis. B. Function of the ligaments.
Fig. 5.30 Obturator internus and piriformis muscles (medial view of right side of pelvis).
Fig. 5.31 Apertures in the pelvic wall.
Obturator canal – obturator nerve and vesselsObturator internus muscleGreater sciatic foramen,above and belowpiriformis muscleLesser sciatic foramenSuperior gluteal nerveand vesselsSciatic nerve, inferior gluteal, posterior femoral cutaneous,and quadratus femoris nerves,and the inferior gluteal and internal pudendal vesselsPudendal nerve and internalpudendal vessels and nerveto obturator internus
Fig. 5.32 Pelvic outlet.
Pubic archPubic symphysisIschial tuberosityBody of pubisCoccyxSacrotuberous ligament
Fig. 5.33 Sagittal T2-weighted magnetic resonance image of the lower abdomen and pelvis of a pregnant woman.
Fig. 5.34 Pelvic diaphragm.
Fig. 5.35 MRI defecating proctogram in sagittal plane showing active defecation.
Fig. 5.36 Perineal membrane and deep perineal pouch. A. Inferior view. B. Superolateral view.
Perineal membrane and deep perineal pouch. C. Medial view.
Obturator foramenIschiopubic ramusIschial tuberosityPubic symphysisOpening for urethraLine of attachment for margin ofurogenital hiatus of levator aniDeep perineal pouchBAInferior pubic ligamentPerineal membranePerineal membrane
Obturator internus muscleCoccygeus muscleAnococcygeal ligamentLevator ani muscleSacrospinous ligamentRoot of penisCDeep perineal pouchPerineal membrane
Fig. 5.37 Muscles in the deep perineal pouch. A. In women.
B. In men.
Fig. 5.38 Perineal body.
Fig. 5.39 Rectum and anal canal. A. Left pelvic bone removed. B. Longitudinal section.
Fig. 5.40 Pelvic parts of the urinary system.
External iliac arteryInternal iliac arteryCommon iliac arteryUreterUrethraNeck of bladderBladderFull bladderEmpty bladder