Fig. 8.277 Oral fissure and lips. A. Anterior view. B. Sagittal section.
PhiltrumVestibuleOrbicularis oris muscleOral fissureVermilion border of lipFacial arterySuperior and inferior labial arteriesABLabial salivary glandsArtery and veinVermilion bordersOrbicularis oris muscleBuccinator muscle
Fig. 8.278 Teeth. A. Adult upper and lower permanent teeth. B. Deciduous (“baby”) teeth.
AIncisorsCaninesPremolarsMolarsMolarsPremolarsCaninesIncisorsMaxillary sinusRoots related to maxillary sinusPremolars3212132121Roots related tomandibular canalMolarsCanineIncisorsUpperLowerMolarsIncisorsCaninesBUpperLower
Fig. 8.279 Arteries and veins of the teeth.
Cavernous sinusin cranial cavityEmissary veinsInfra-orbitalartery and veinPosterior superior alveolarartery and veinAnterior superior alveolarartery and veinInferior alveolar artery andvein in mandibular canalFacial veinInternal jugular veinExternal jugular veinExternal carotid arteryPterygoid plexus of veinsRetromandibular veinMaxillary veinMaxillary artery
Fig. 8.280 Lymphatic drainage of the teeth and gums.
Fig. 8.281 Innervation of the teeth.
Fig. 8.282 Innervation of the teeth and gums.
TeethAnterior superior alveolar nerve (from [V2])Middle superior alveolar nerve (from [V2])Posterior superioralveolar nerve (from [V2])UpperLowerMain trunk of inferioralveolar nerve (from [V3])Incisive branch of inferioralveolar nerve (from [V3])Nasopalatine nerve (from [V2])Greater palatine nerve (from [V2])GingivaeAnterior superior alveolar nerve (from [V2])Middle superior alveolar nerve (from [V2])Posterior superior alveolar nerve (from [V2]) Lingual nerve (from [V3])Buccal nerve (from [V3])Mental nerve from inferior alveolar nerve (from [V3])
Fig. 8.283 Anatomical position of the head and major landmarks. Lateral head and neck of a man.
External occipitalprotuberanceCervical spinal nervesExternal acoustic meatusSternocleidomastoid muscleAngle of mandibleMastoid processVertexZygomatic boneFrankfort lineInferior margin of orbitPosition of head of mandiblePosition of zygomatic arch[V1][V2][V3]
Fig. 8.284 Visualizing structures at the CIII/IV and CVI vertebral levels. Lateral head and neck of a man.
Vertebral level CVI• Arch of cricoid cartilage• Superior end of esophagus• Superior end of tracheaVertebral level CIII/IV• Upper margin of thyroid cartilage• Bifurcation of common carotid arteryBifurcation of common carotidFrankfort lineEsophagusArch of cricoidPharynx
Fig. 8.285 How to outline the anterior and posterior triangles of the neck. A. In a woman, anterolateral view. The left anterior triangle is indicated. B. In a man, anterior view of the posterior triangle.
ABMidline of neckAnterior margin ofsternocleidomastoidAnterior margin oftrapeziusClaviclePosterior margin ofsternocleidomastoidPosterior triangleAnterior triangleInferior margin of mandibleStructures coursing betweenhead and thorax are associatedwith the anterior trianglesStructures coursing betweenthorax/neck and upper limb areassociated with the posterior triangles