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DIAGNOSIS OF PREGNANCY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 158 INITIAL PRENATAL EVALUATION .e. .e..... .e.. .e.. ...e. 159
SUBSEQUENT PRENATAL VISITS .... .e. .e......... .e. 164 ..NUTRITIONAL COUNSELING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 165 COMMON CONCERNS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 170
The borderline between health and disease is less distincty marked during gestation, and therore, it accordingy becomes necessary to keep pregnant patients under strict supervision, and to be constanty on the alert or the appearance of untoward symptoms.
-J. Whitridge Williams (1903) s emphasized above by Williams, prenatal care is important. According to the merican Academy of Pediatrics and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (2017) a comprehensive antepartum program is deined as: "a coordinated approach to medical care, continuous risk assessment, and psychological support that optimally begins before conception and extends throughout the postpartum period and interconceptional period."
Almost a century after its introduction, prenatal care has become one of the most frequently used health services in the United States. In 2001, there were approximately 50 million prenatal visits. The median was 12.3 visits per pregnancy, and many women had 17 or more visits. Still, as seen from