Eriksson, K., and Holmgren, J.: Recent advances in mucosal vaccines and adjuvants. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 2002, 14:666–672.
16-26 Bordetella pertussis vaccination illustrates the importance of the perceived safety of a vaccines.
Decker, M.D., and Edwards, K.M.: Acellular pertussis vaccines. Pediatr. Clin. North Am. 2000, 47:309–335.
Madsen, K.M., Hviid, A., Vestergaard, M., Schendel, D., Wohlfahrt, J., Thorsen, P., Olsen, J., and Melbye, M.: A population-based study of measles, mumps, and rubella vaccination and autism. N. Engl. J. Med. 2002, 347:1477–1482.
Mortimer, E.A.: Pertussis vaccines, in Plotkin, S.A., and Mortimer, E.A. (eds): Vaccines, 2nd ed. Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders Co., 1994.
Poland, G.A.: Acellular pertussis vaccines: new vaccines for an old disease. Lancet 1996, 347:209–210.
16-27 Conjugate vaccines have been developed as a result of linked recognition between T and B cells.
Berry, D.S., Lynn, F., Lee, C.H., Frasch, C.E., and Bash, M.C.: Effect of O acetylation of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A capsular polysaccharide on development of functional immune responses. Infect. Immun. 2002, 70:3707–3713.
Brer, M., Dull, P.M., Rappuoli, R., and Costantino, P.: Chemistry of a new investigational quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine that is immunogenic at all ages. Vaccine 2009, 27:5574–5580.
Levine, O.S., Knoll, M.D., Jones, A., Walker, D.G., Risko, N., and Gilani, Z.: Global status of Haemophilus influenzae type b and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines: evidence, policies, and introductions. Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. 2010, 23:236–241.
Peltola, H., Kilpi, T., and Anttila, M.: Rapid disappearance of Haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis after routine childhood immunisation with conjugate vaccines. Lancet 1992, 340:592–594.
Rappuoli, R.: Conjugates and reverse vaccinology to eliminate bacterial meningitis. Vaccine 2001, 19:2319–2322.
16-28 Peptide-based vaccines can elicit protective immunity, but they require adjuvants and must be targeted to the appropriate cells and cell compartment to be effective.
Alonso, P.L., Sacarlal, J., Aponte, J.J., Leach, A., Macete, E., Aide, P., Sigauque, B., Milman, J., Mandomando, I., Bassat, Q., et al.: Duration of protection with RTS, S/AS02A malaria vaccine in prevention of Plasmodium falciparum disease in Mozambican children: single-blind extended follow-up of a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2005, 366:2012–2018.