Fig. 8.116 External acoustic meatus.
Fig. 8.117 Middle ear.
Fig. 8.118 Tympanic membrane (right ear). A. Diagram. B. Otoscopic view.
ABPars flaccidaPosteriormalleolar foldHandle ofmalleusUmboCone of lightAnteriormalleolar foldLateral process(of malleus)
Fig. 8.119 Parts of the middle ear.
Fig. 8.120 Boundaries of the right middle ear.
Tegmen tympaniTensor tympani musclePharyngotympanic tubeLesser petrosal nerveBranch from internalcarotid plexusSympathetic plexusInternal carotid arteryChorda tympani nerveTympanic branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve [IX]Internal jugular veinPromontoryRound windowFacial nerve [VII]Chorda tympani nervePyramidal eminenceAditus tomastoid antrumProminence of facial canalProminence of lateral semicircular canalOval window
Fig. 8.121 Mastoid antrum and surrounding bone. A. Diagram.
B. High-resolution CT scan of left ear (petrous temporal bone).
BAditus to mastoid antrumTegmen tympaniEpitympanic recessPharyngotympanic tubeMiddle earMastoid processCochleaMiddle earExternal auditorymeatusMastoid air cellsMastoid air cellsMastoid antrumA
Fig. 8.122 Pharyngotympanic tube.
Fig. 8.123 Auditory ossicles. A. Malleus. B. Incus. C. Stapes.
Head of malleusNeck ofmalleusABCAnterior processHandle of malleusLateralprocessIncus articulationShort limbMalleus articulationLong limbBody ofincusBase of stapesAnterior limbHead of stapesPosterior limb
Fig. 8.124 Muscles associated with the auditory ossicles (right ear).
MalleusIncusPyramidal eminenceTendon ofstapedius muscleFootplate of stapesTympanic membranePharyngotympanic tubeTensor tympani muscle
Fig. 8.125 Innervation of the middle ear.
Prominence of lateralsemicircular canalTensor tympani musclePromontoryLesser petrosal nervePharyngotympanic tubeBranch from internal carotid plexus(caroticotympanic nerve)Tympanic nerve(from glossopharyngeal nerve [IX])Tympanic plexusRound windowStapesProminence of facial canal
Fig. 8.126 Grooves and hiatuses for the greater and lesser petrosal nerves.
Fig. 8.127 Location of the internal ear in temporal bone.
Fig. 8.128 Internal ear.
Fig. 8.129 Bony labyrinth.
SacculeHelicotremaDura materCochleaCochlear ductScala tympaniScala vestibuliPharyngotympanic tubeRound windowOpening of cochlear canaliculusTympanic membraneVestibuleUtricleAmpullaAnterior semicircular canal and ductVestibular aqueductLateral semicircular canal and ductPosterior semicircular canal and ductStapes in oval window
Fig. 8.130 Cochlea.
ModiolusScala vestibuliScalatympaniCochlear ductLamina of modiolusCochlear nerveSpiral ganglionHelicotrema
Fig. 8.131 Membranous labyrinth.
Fig. 8.132 Membranous labyrinth, cross section.