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Everyone, of course, has had a great deal of personal experience with sleep, or lack of it, and has observed people in sleep, so it requires no special knowledge to understand something about this condition or to appreciate its importance to health and well-being. Sleep, that familiar yet inexplicable condition of repose in which consciousness is in abeyance, is obviously not abnormal, yet it is connected with a number of interesting and common irregularities, some of which approach serious extremes. Furthermore, certain neurological conditions have special types of sleep disorders as common features. The psychologic and physiologic benefits of sleep are of paramount importance, and it is increasingly recognized that disruption of sleep increases the risks for several diseases, including stroke, hypertension, and coronary disease.