ABAnterior ethmoidal arteryPosterior ethmoidal arterySuperior conchaMiddle conchaInferior conchaGreater palatine arteryPosterior lateral nasalbranches of sphenopalatine arterySphenopalatine arteryAlar branch oflateral nasal arteryExternal nasalartery from anteriorethmoidal arterySeptal branch ofanterior ethmoidal arterySeptal branch ofposterior ethmoidal arteryArea of significantanastomoses (proneto “nosebleeds”)Posterior septal branch ofsphenopalatine arteryTerminal part ofgreater palatine arterySeptal branch from nasalartery from superior labial artery
Fig. 8.244 Venous drainage of the nasal cavities.
Nasal vein in foramen cecumDrainage to cavernoussinus in cranial cavityDrainage to pterygoid plexusin infratemporal fossaDrainage to facial vein
Fig. 8.245 Innervation of the nasal cavities. A. Lateral wall of right nasal cavity. B. Medial wall of right nasal cavity.
ABPosterior inferiorlateral nasal nervesInternal nasal branchesof infra-orbital nerveExternal nasalbranch of anteriorethmoidal nerveSeptal branch ofanterior ethmoidal nerveOlfactory nerve [I](septal branches)Olfactory bulbAnterior ethmoidal nerveOlfactory nerve [I]Sphenopalatine foramenPosterior superiorlateral nasal nervesNasal branch of anteriorsuperior alveolar nerveNasopalatine nerve
Fig. 8.246 Lymphatic drainage of the nasal cavities.
Fig. 8.247 Oral cavity. A. Relationship to other cavities. B. Oral vestibule and oral cavity proper.
Fig. 8.248 Base and lateral aspects of the skull. A. Features in the base of the skull related to structures associated with the oral cavity.
B. Styloid process of the temporal bone.
Petrous part of temporal boneScaphoid fossaForamen ovaleSpine of sphenoidOpening to bony partof pharyngotympanic tubeForamen spinosumCarotid canalStyloid process of temporal boneMastoid processStylomastoid foramenJugular foramenRoughening for attachment of levator veli palatiniForamen lacerum (closed by cartilage)Cartilaginous part of pharyngotympanic tubeGreater wing of sphenoidMembranous lamina ofcartilaginous part of pharyngotympanic tubeAIncisive fossaPalatine process of maxillaAlveolar process of maxillaHorizontal plate of palatine boneGreater palatine foramenLesser palatine foramenLateral plate of pterygoid processMedial plate of pterygoid processIntermaxillary suturePosterior nasal spinePyramidal process of palatine bonePterygoid hamulus
Fig. 8.249 Mandible. A. Superior view. B. Lateral view. C. Medial view.
Fig. 8.250 Hyoid bone. A. Anterior view. B. Lateral view.
Fig. 8.251 Buccinator muscle.
Attachment to maxillaSuperior constrictorPterygomandibular rapheAttachment to mandibleBuccinatorOrbicularis orisModiolus
Fig. 8.252 A. Mylohyoid muscles. B. Geniohyoid muscles. C. Lateral view.
Superior mental spinesGeniohyoidGeniohyoidMylohyoidMylohyoidSuperior mental spinesMylohyoid lineInferior mental spinesRapheGreater hornBody of hyoidFree posterior marginSubmandibular fossaSublingual fossa ABC
Fig. 8.253 Gateway into the floor of the oral cavity.