822 Glossary of Technical Terms gender The public (and usually legally recognized) lived role as boy or girl, man or woman. Biological factors are seen as contributing in interaction with social and psy- chological factors to gender development.
gender assignment The initial assignment as male or female, which usually occurs at birth and is subsequently referred to as the ”natal gender.” gender dysphoria Distress that accompanies the incongruence between one’s experi- enced and expressed gender and one’s assigned or natal gender.
gender experience The unique and personal ways in which individuals experience their gender in the context of the gender roles provided by their societies.
gender expression The specific ways in which individuals enact gender roles provided in their societies.
gender identity A category of social identity that refers to an individual’s identification as male, female or, occasionally, some category other than male or female.
gender reassignment A change of gender that can be either medical (hormones, sur- gery) or legal (government recognition), or both. In case of medical interventions, often referred to as sex reassignment.
geometric hallucination See HALLUCINATION.
grandiosity Believing that one is superior to others and deserves special treatment; self- centeredness; feelings of entitlement; condescension toward others. Grandiosity is a facet of the broad personality trait domain ANTAGONISM.
grimace (grimacing) Odd and inappropriate facial expressions unrelated to situation (as seen in individuals with CATATONIA).
hallucination A perception-like experience with the clarity and impact of a true percep- tion but without the external stimulation of the relevant sensory organ. Hallucinations should be distinguished from ILLUSIONS, in which an actual external stimulus is misperceived or misinterpreted. The person may or may not have insight into the non— veridical nature of the hallucination. One hallucinating person may recognize the false sensory experience, whereas another may be convinced that the experience is grounded in reality. The term hallucination is not ordinarily applied to the false perceptions that occur during dreaming, while falling asleep (hypnagogic), or upon awakening (hypno— pompic). Transient hallucinatory experiences may occur without a mental disorder.
auditory A hallucination involving the perception of sound, most commonly of voice.
geometric Visual hallucinations involving geometric shapes such as tunnels and funnels, spirals, lattices, or cobwebs.
gustatory A hallucination involving the perception of taste (usually unpleasant).
mood-congruent See MOOD-CONGRUENT PSYCHOTIC FEATURES.
mood-incongruent See MOOD-INCONGRUENT PSYCHOTIC FEATURES.
olfactory A hallucination involving the perception of odor, such as of burning rub- ber or decaying fish.
somatic A hallucination involving the perception of physical experience localized within the body (e.g., a feeling of electricity). A somatic hallucination is to be dis- medical condition, from hypochondriacal preoccupation with normal physical sensations, or from a tactile hallucination.
tactile A hallucination involving the perception of being touched or of something being under one’s skin. The most common tactile hallucinations are the sensation
Glossary of Technical Terms 823 of electric shocks and formication (the sensation of something creeping or crawl- ing on or under the skin).
visual A hallucination involving sight, which may consist of formed images, such as of people, or of unformed images, such as ﬂashes of light. Visual hallucinations should be distinguished from ILLUSIONS, which are misperceptions of real external stimuli.
hostility Persistent or frequent angry feelings; anger or irritability in response to minor slights and insults; mean, nasty, or vengeful behavior. Hostility is a facet of the broad personality trait domain ANTAGONISM.
hyperacusis Increased auditory perception.
hyperorality A condition in which inappropriate objects are placed in the mouth.
hypersexuality A stronger than usual urge to have sexual activity.