Internal iliac arteryExternal iliac arteryCommon iliac arteryGonadal arteriesLeft kidneyLeft renal arteryRight renal arteryRight kidneyAbdominal aortaBladderUreterThird constriction—entrance to bladderSecond constriction—pelvic inletFirst constriction—ureteropelvic junctionUreter
Fig. 4.156 Low-dose axial CT of urinary tract (CT KUB) displays stone in left renal pelvis.
Fig. 4.157 Tumor in the right kidney growing toward, and possibly invading, the duodenum. Computed tomogram in the axial plane.
Fig. 4.158 Tumor in the right kidney spreading into the right renal vein. Computed tomogram in the axial plane.
Fig. 4.159 Transitional cell carcinoma in the pelvis of the right kidney. Coronal computed tomogram reconstruction.
Fig. 4.160 This radiograph demonstrates a double-J stent (anteroposterior view). The superior aspect of the double-J stent is situated within the renal pelvis. The stent passes through the ureter, describing the path of the ureter, and the tip of the double-J stent is projected over the bladder, which appears as a slightly dense area on the radiograph.
Fig. 4.161 Kidney transplant. A. This image demonstrates an MR angiogram of the bifurcation of the aorta. Attaching to the left external iliac artery is the donor artery for a kidney that has been transplanted into the left iliac fossa. B. Abdominal computed tomogram, in the axial plane, showing the transplanted kidney in the left iliac fossa.
AAbdominal aortaCommon iliac arteryExternal iliacarteryInternal iliacarteryThe left external iliac arteryhas been used to connectto the donor kidneyTransplant kidneyin the left iliacfossa
Fig. 4.162 Coronal view of 3-D urogram using multidetector computed tomography.
Fig. 4.163 Arterial supply to the suprarenal glands.
Fig. 4.164 Abdominal aorta.
Fig. 4.165 Volume-rendered reconstruction using multidetector computed tomography of patient with an infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm before (A) and after (B) endovascular aneurysm repair. Note the image only demonstrates the intraluminal contrast and not the entire vessel. White patches in the aorta represent intramural calcium.
Fig. 4.166 Inferior vena cava.
Fig. 4.167 Lumbar veins.
Fig. 4.168 Abdominal lymphatics.
Inferior vena cavaIntestinal trunkRight lumbar trunk with lateral aortic (lumbar) nodesLeft lumbar trunk withlateral aortic (lumbar) nodesExternal iliac nodesExternal iliac nodesInternal iliac nodesCommon iliac nodesCeliac nodesSuperior mesenteric nodesInferior mesenteric nodesCisterna chyliPre-aortic nodes
Fig. 4.169 Sympathetic trunks passing through the posterior abdominal region.
Fig. 4.170 Prevertebral plexus and ganglia in the posterior abdominal region.
Fig. 4.171 Nerve fibers passing through the abdominal prevertebral plexus and ganglia.
Fig. 4.172 Prevertebral ganglia associated with the prevertebral plexus.
Fig. 4.173 Lumbar plexus.
T12L1L2L3L4To lumbosacral trunkObturator nerveFemoralnerveTo iliacusmuscleLateral cutaneousnerve of thighGenitofemoralnerveIlio-inguinal nerveIliohypogastricnerve
Fig. 4.174 Lumbar plexus in the posterior abdominal region.