Fig. 7.36 Attachments and neurovascular supply of the trapezius and deltoid muscles.
AcromionSpine of scapulaTrapeziusDeltoidDeltoid tuberosity of humerusRhomboid minorRhomboid majorClavicleSuperior nuchal lineExternal occipitalprotuberanceMastoid processLigamentum nuchaeSpinous processes and interspinous ligaments to TXIIAccessory nerve (XI)Levator scapulaeAxillary nervePosterior circumflex humeral arteryLine of attachment of trapeziusLine of attachment of deltoid
Fig. 7.37 Right posterior scapular region.
Suprascapular notch (foramen) SupraspinatusInfraspinatusCut edge of trapeziusCut edge of deltoidSurgical neck of humerusMedial lip of intertubercular sulcusTriangular intervalTriangular spaceOlecranonLong head of triceps brachiiTeres majorTeres minorQuadrangular spaceCut edge of lateral head of triceps brachii
Fig. 7.38 Arteries and nerves associated with gateways in the posterior scapular region.
Posterior circumflex humeral arteryCircumflex scapular arterySuperior transverse scapular ligamentSuprascapular nerveSuprascapular arteryAxillary nerveProfunda brachii arteryRadial nerveTo deltoidTo skin on lateral part of deltoidCut edge of lateral head of triceps brachii
Fig. 7.39 Arterial anastomoses around the shoulder.
ClaviclePosterior circumflexhumeral arteryAnterior circumflexhumeral arterySubscapular arteryCircumflex scapular arterySuprascapular arteryAxillary arteryProfunda brachii arteryBrachial arteryRight subclavian arteryDeep branch of transversecervical arteryTransverse cervical arteryRib IRight common carotid arteryThyrocervical trunk
Fig. 7.40 Axilla. A. Walls and transition between neck and arm.
Axilla. B. Boundaries. C. Continuity with the arm.
Lateral wallAnterior wallPosterior wallSkinMedial wallCoracoid processAnterior scalene muscleMiddle scalene muscleClavicleLateral margin of rib IA
Axillary sheathsurroundingarteries, veins, nerves, and lymphaticsApex of inletInletAxillaSkin of armSkin on floor of axillaPosterior wall• Subscapularis,   teres major, and   latissimus dorsi   muscles, and   long head of triceps  brachii muscleLateral wall• Intertubercular   sulcusInlet• Lateral margin of rib I• Clavicle• Superior margin of    scapula to coracoid processAnterior wall• Pectoralis major and   minor muscles• Subclavius muscle• Clavipectoral fasciaMedial wall• Upper thoracic wall • Serratus anterior muscleFloor • Skin of armpit• Opens laterally into armBC
Fig. 7.41 Pectoralis major muscle.
Fig. 7.42 Pectoralis minor and subclavius muscles and clavipectoral fascia.
Pectoralis majorPectoralis majorPectoralis minorClavipectoral fasciaCephalic veinLateral pectoral nerveMedial pectoralnervesPectoral branch of thoraco-acromial arterySubclaviusAttachment of fasciato floor of axilla
Fig. 7.43 Medial wall of the axilla. A. Lateral view. B. Lateral view with lateral angle of scapula retracted posteriorly. C. Anterior view.
IIIIIIIVVVIVIILong thoracic nerveLong thoracic nerveLateral angle ofscapula pulledposterolaterallyaway from thethoracic wallIntercostobrachial nerve (lateral cutaneousbranch of T2)Serratus anteriorSerratus anteriorSerratus anteriorABC