Chilembwe provoked confrontation by erecting churches on estate land, which Livingstone burned down because he considered them as centres for agitation against the management and because they made potential claims on estate land.
Chilembwe adayambitsa mikangano pomanga mipingo pa malo a estate, omwe Livingstone adawotcha chifukwa amawawona ngati malo oyambitsa chipwirikiti kutsutsana ndi oyang'anira komanso chifukwa amakadandaula za malo.