The earliest documented version of instant coffee was developed in Britain in 1771. The first American product was developed in 1853, and an experimental version (in cake form) was field tested during the Civil War.
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History of Instant Coffee. A Timeline of the Discovery and Advances in Instant (Soluble) Coffee. 1771 – The first “instant coffee” is made in Britain. Referred to as a “coffee compound” it was granted a patent by the British government. 1853 – The first American instant coffee product is created. During the Civil War experimental “cakes” of instant coffee are given to soldiers.
https://espressocoffeeguide.com/instant-coffee/history-of-instant-coffee/
Freeze drying. 1  7 Freeze drying may be used instead of spray drying. The process involves four steps, beginning with primary freezing.. 2  8 The prechilled slush is placed on a steel belt, trays, or drums and further cooled in a series of steps, until it reaches a temperature of -40-(-50)°F (-40-[-45]°C).
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Five years later, George Constant Washington, a British chemist living in Guatemala, developed the firqt commercially successful process for making instant coffee. Washington's invention, marketed as Red E Coffee, dominated the instant coffee market in the United States for 30 years, beginning around 1910. During the 1930s, the Brazilian coffee industry encouraged research on instant coffee as a way of preserving their excess coffee production. The Nestlé company worked on this effort and began manufacturing Nescafé in 1938, using a process of co-drying coffee extract along with an equal amount of soluble carbohydrate.
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1930 – The Brazilian Coffee Institute asks the chairman of the Nestles company to create a flavorful soluble coffee product (e.g., “instant coffee”) to help Brazil deal with its abundant coffee surplus, and also possibly increase overall coffee sales.
https://espressocoffeeguide.com/instant-coffee/history-of-instant-coffee/
Recovery of aromatic volatiles. 1  3 Part of the enjoyment of making and drinking coffee is smelling the aroma. During the several steps of the manufacturing process, volatile aromatic elements are lost; they must be returned in a later step to produce an attractive instant coffee product.
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Instant (or soluble) coffee has been widely used for decades because of its convenience. During the height of its popularity in the 1970s, nearly a third of the roasted coffee imported into the United States was converted into an instant product, resulting in annual sales of more than 200 million pounds.
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Recovery of aromatic volatiles. 1  3 Part of the enjoyment of making and drinking coffee is smelling the aroma. 2  4 To preserve as much of the aroma and flavor as possible, oxygen is removed from the coffee extract.
http://www.madehow.com/Volume-3/Instant-Coffee.html
A Timeline of the Discovery and Advances in Instant (Soluble) Coffee 1771 – The first “instant coffee” is made in Britain. Referred to as a “coffee compound” it was granted a patent by the British government. 1853 – The first American instant coffee product is created. During the Civil War experimental “cakes” of instant coffee […]
https://espressocoffeeguide.com/instant-coffee/history-of-instant-coffee/
This improvement boosted instant coffee use from one out of every 16 cups of coffee consumed domestically in 1946 to one out of every four cups in 1954. In 1963, Maxwell House began marketing freeze-dried granules, which reconstituted into a beverage that tasted more like freshly brewed coffee.
http://www.madehow.com/Volume-3/Instant-Coffee.html
when was instant coffee invented?
The earliest documented version of instant coffee was developed in Britain in 1771.