According to the calibrated single point estimate (from 2005 sentinel surveillance and EDHS data), prevalence of adult infection is 2.1% (urban 7.7%, rural 0.9%). In 2007, the estimated number of people living with HIV is 977,394, including 64,813 children.
http://who.int/hiv/pub/guidelines/ethiopia_art.pdf
In general milder infections, such as herpes zoster and other skin infections, occur early whereas serious life-threatening infections such as CNS toxoplasmosis and cryptococcal meningitis occur later with severe immunity. Some life-threatening infections, such as pneumonia and TB, may occur early as well as later.
http://who.int/hiv/pub/guidelines/ethiopia_art.pdf
Stated another way, 99.7% of needle stick/cut exposures do not lead to infection. The risk of HIV infection after exposure of mucous membranes to HIV-infected blood is estimated to be 0.1% (1 in 1000). However, risk could vary depending on severity of injury and viral load in the source patient.
http://who.int/hiv/pub/guidelines/ethiopia_art.pdf
For example, pulmonary TB may occur at any CD4 level and other conditions may be mimicked by non-HIV aetiologies. 4. First-line ARV regimens for adults and adolescents in Ethiopia: The preferred first-line regimen consists of NRTI backbone with one of the NNRTIs.
http://who.int/hiv/pub/guidelines/ethiopia_art.pdf
HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) attacks the body's white blood cells -- specifically a subset called CD4 or helper T cells. This attack allows opportunistic infections to take advantage of a weakened immune system, and can lead to illnesses, cancers, or neurological problems.
http://www.webmd.com/hiv-aids/guide/aids-hiv-opportunistic-infections-stay-healthier
Cryptococcosis Systemic mycoses such as crypto-coccosis probably cause about5% of all HIV-associated deathsworldwide. Cryptococcosis mostoften appears as meningitis, andoccasionally as pulmonary ordisseminated disease. Cryptococcalmeningitis (CRM) is the mostfrequent systemic fungal infectionin HIV-infected persons.
http://who.int/3by5/en/opportu_en_pdf.pdf
Kaposi sarcoma HIV-associated Kaposi sarcomacauses dark blue lesions whichcan occur in a variety of locationsincluding the skin, mucousmembranes, gastrointestinal tract,lungs or lymph nodes. The lesionsusually appear early in the courseof HIV infection.Treatment depends on the lesions’symptoms and location.
http://who.int/3by5/en/opportu_en_pdf.pdf
The current estimate of people requiring antiretroviral therapy is 258,264 and of these 6% (15,716).are children. HIV causes progressive depletion of the CD4 T cells, resulting in conditions known as opportunistic infections or malignancies. More than 90% of these are responsible for AIDS morbidities and mortalities.
http://who.int/hiv/pub/guidelines/ethiopia_art.pdf
Common HIV Opportunistic Infections. Almost any disease can become an HIV opportunistic infection when the immune system is weak. Some are more common than others, though. And some are more likely to occur at certain levels of CD4 counts than others. Here are some of the more common HIV opportunistic infections: 1  Candidiasis (thrush): a fungal infection in the mouth, throat, or vagina. 2  Cryptococcus neoformans (Crypto): a fungus that can lead to meningitis, a serious inflammation of membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
http://www.webmd.com/hiv-aids/guide/aids-hiv-opportunistic-infections-stay-healthier
10 October 1998 HIV-related opportunistic diseases: UNAIDS Technical Update. 11 HIV-related opportunistic diseases: UNAIDS Technical Update October 1998. 12 October 1998 HIV-related opportunistic diseases: UNAIDS Technical Update © Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS 1998. All rights reserved. This publication may be freely reviewed, quoted, reproduced or translated, in part orin full, provided the source is acknowledged.
http://who.int/3by5/en/opportu_en_pdf.pdf
an opportunistic infection that is frequently associated with hiv is ______________.
An opportunistic infection that is frequently associated with HIV is Kaposi's sarcoma.