Both the sounds frequency and wave shape are determined by the origin or vibration that originally produced the sound but the velocity is dependent upon the medium of transmission (air, water etc.) that carries the sound wave.
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Audio Sound Transducers include both input sensors, that convert sound into and electrical signal such as a microphone, and output actuators that convert the electrical signals back into sound such as a loudspeaker.
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Although microphones are the most recognized sound sensor, electrostatic and piezoelectric sensors are also used to detect sound in applications such as industrial, medical, robotics, and identification and tracking.
https://www.reference.com/technology/sound-sensor-work-649a23beabb3f1f
The Microphone Input Transducer. The Microphone, also called a “mic”, is a sound transducer that can be classed as a “sound sensor”. This is because it produces an electrical analogue output signal which is proportional to the “acoustic” sound wave acting upon its flexible diaphragm.
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A Sound Sensor: This is a circuit for a Sound Sensor. A crystal microphone provides the sound input to an amplifier, peak detector, and buffer that drives the RCX input. The RCX is configured to think it has a Light sensor on its input. When no sound is present the Light value is around 96, but when loud noises are present, the Light value will drop momentarily to a value proportional the sound. A loud clap near the microphone is usually read as a value below 75.
http://www.extremenxt.com/sound.htm
For instance, high-frequency ultrasonic sound sensors are used to weld plastics, whereas low-frequency ultrasound sensors are used to inspect less dense materials, such as wood, concrete and cement. Such sensors are not affected by reflectivity, translucence or color, as is the case with light sensors.
https://www.reference.com/technology/sound-sensor-work-649a23beabb3f1f
1 Describe how sound sensors work. 2  Compare the sound sensor to the human ear. 3  Program the LEGO MINDSTORMS NXT robot with the sound sensor.  Provide a basic explanation of how sensors are integrated into robots via careful programming.
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Sound is basically a waveform of energy that is produced by some form of a mechanical vibration such as a tuning fork, and which has a “frequency” determined by the origin of the sound for example, a bass drum has a low frequency sound while a cymbal has a higher frequency sound.
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Sound sensors work by mimicking the human body process that involves the ears and signal transmission to the brain. Microphones are sound sensors that convert a sound signal into a voltage or current proportional to the detected signal. They typically have a small diaphragm made of magnets surrounded by coiled metal wire. Sound waves cause the diaphragm to vibrate, which vibrates the magnets and induces a current in the coil.
https://www.reference.com/technology/sound-sensor-work-649a23beabb3f1f
Sound sensors work by detecting differences in air pressure and transforming them into electrical signals. Sound sensors such as microphones usually have built-in amplifiers that increase the strength of the incoming signal.
https://www.reference.com/technology/sound-sensor-work-649a23beabb3f1f
what is a sound sensor
A sound sensor is a crystal microphone provides the sound input to an amplifier, peak detector, and buffer that drives the RCX input. A sound sensor is a crystal microphone that provides the sound input to an amplifier, peak detector, and buffer that drives the RCX input.