Pericardial effusion (PE) is the accumulation of fluid in the pericardial space. Incidence. The incidence of true PE is unknown, since it should be considered as a marker of many other anomalies, eventually leading to fetal hydrops (3).
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The so-called water-bottle heart is a radiographic sign of pericardial effusion, in which the cardiopericardial silhouette is enlarged and assumes the shape of a flask or water bottle.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pericardial_effusion
Pericardial effusion (fluid around the heart) is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pericardial cavity. Because of the limited amount of space in the pericardial cavity, fluid accumulation leads to an increased intrapericardial pressure which can negatively affect heart function. A pericardial effusion with enough pressure to adversely affect heart function is called cardiac tamponade.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pericardial_effusion
Isolated fetal pericardial effusion: case report and review of the literature. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2002;42:210. Josep M Martinez, Narcis Narcís: Masoller pericardial, Effusion Visual encyclopedia Of ultrasound In obstetrics And, gynecology.www.isuog. com
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A pleural effusion is an abnormal amount of fluid around the lung. Pleural effusions can result from many medical conditions. Most pleural effusions are not serious by themselves, but some require treatment to avoid problems.
http://www.webmd.com/lung/pleural-effusion-symptoms-causes-treatments
Diagnosis of Pleural Effusions. A doctor may suspect a pleural effusion based on a person's symptoms and physical examination. Doctors may use auscultation (listening with a stethoscope), percussion (tapping on the chest), and other maneuvers when a pleural effusion is suspected.
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Pleural effusions often cause no symptoms. Symptoms are more likely when a pleural effusion is moderate or large-sized, or if inflammation is present. Symptoms of pleural effusions may include: 1  Shortness of breath. 2  Chest pain, especially on breathing in deeply (pleurisy, or pleuritic pain). 3  Fever.
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PE may be the result of the mechanism that produces non-immune fetal hydrops in a significant proportion of cases, thus presenting with other fluid collections (ascites, pleural effusion, skin edema).
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Because of these data, fetal karyotyping should be discussed with parents, even in isolated pericardial effusion (24). Lastly, if there are no associated anomalies, the PE is classified as isolated, in which case the effusion is usually transient and have a significant better outcome (25-28).
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PE is associated with structural heart disease and arrhythmias (6). A quite commonly described association is the finding of a ventricular aneurysm or diverticulum, which may even tamponade in case of rupture (7-10). In such cases, immediate emptying of the pericardial sac may be life-saving (9, 10).
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pericardial fluid definition
The definition of pericardial fluid is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pericardial cavity.