In furrow irrigation, good distribution of infiltrated. water in the orchard is often accompanied by 10 to 15 percent of the applied. water being lost as runoff. Overirrigation, in which more water is applied than can be stored in. the trees’ root zone, can lead to greater tailwater runoff problems.
http://anrcatalog.ucanr.edu/pdf/8214.pdf
Treating and Recycling Irrigation Runoff Water Management Guidelines for Nursery/Floral Producers. The potential contamination of surface and groundwater from runoff presents a major challenge for the greenhouse industry. Growers rely heavily on the use of fertilizers and pesticides, as well as water, to produce quality crops.
https://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu/greenhouse/nursery/environ/wmrecyc.html
Minimizing the irrigation runoff from surface irrigation is a balance between adequately irrigating trees at the lowest end of the orchard and minimizing tailwater runoff. If the irrigation system minimizes tailwater runoff, the trees at the end of the orchard may be underirrigated. Blocking the ends of the orchard to retain the water eliminates runoff, but
http://anrcatalog.ucanr.edu/pdf/8214.pdf
Stormwater runoff is the runoff drained into creeks, bays, and other water sources after a storm. Stormwater runoff includes all debris, chemicals, and other pollutants picked up by the rain or snow. Runoff occurs when there is more water than land can absorb. The excess liquid flows across the surface of the land and into nearby creeks, streams, or ponds. Runoff can come from both natural processes and human activity. The most familiar type of natural runoff is snowmelt. Mountains that cannot absorb water from heavy snowfalls produce runoff that turns into streams, rivers, and lakes.
https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/runoff/
runoff begins unless the water is shut off or the end of the orchard is blocked with berms to keep the water in the orchard. Allowing runoff is a common part of normal surface irrigation to ensure that sufficient water is applied at the lowest end of the orchard. In border irrigation, the water should be shut off before it reaches the end
http://anrcatalog.ucanr.edu/pdf/8214.pdf
California Water Code does not impact the property owner. runoff in Surface irrigaTion. Many orchards in California use surface irrigation systems such as furrow irri-. gation (fig. 1) or border (or flood) irrigation (fig. 2).
http://anrcatalog.ucanr.edu/pdf/8214.pdf
Nonpoint source pollution is any source where runoff does not go directly into a waterway. Nonpoint sources of runoff can be large urban, suburban, or rural areas. In these areas, rainwater and irrigation wash chemicals into local streams. Runoff from nonpoint sources includes lawn fertilizer, car exhaust, and even spilled gasoline from a car. Farms are a huge nonpoint source of runoff, as rainwater and irrigation drain fertilizers and pesticides into bodies of water. Impervious surfaces, or surfaces that can't absorb water
https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/runoff/
Water is applied in excess of that which infiltrates, and the excess water flows, or advances, across the orchard. When water reaches the lowest part, or end, of the orchard, “tailwater”. runoff begins unless the water is shut off or the end of the orchard is blocked. with berms to keep the water in the orchard.
http://anrcatalog.ucanr.edu/pdf/8214.pdf
Reducing Runoff Runoff is a major source of water pollution. As the water runs along a surface, it picks up litter, petroleum, chemicals, fertilizers, and other toxic substances.
https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/runoff/
irrigation practices or winter rainfall. If no runoff from any source leaves a property, the California Water Code does not impact the property owner. runoff in Surface irrigaTion Many orchards in California use surface irrigation systems such as furrow irri-gation (fig. 1) or border (or flood) irrigation (fig. 2). The flat topography of
http://anrcatalog.ucanr.edu/pdf/8214.pdf
what is irrigation runoff
The irrigation runoff from surface irrigation is a balance between adequately irrigating trees at the lowest end of the orchard and minimizing tailwater runoff.