Al-Shabaab storms military base in Somalia
On 9 June, hundreds of al-Shabaab militants stormed a heavily defended military base near the town of Halgan (300km) north-west of the Somali capital, Mogadishu. The Islamist extremist group claimed to have killed between 40 and 60 soldiers, a figure that the authorities argued was “very exaggerated”. The base was largely being used by Ethiopian troops, who are serving with the African Union (AU)’s Amisom force. Amisom argued that the Ethiopian forces had successfully repelled al-Shabaab’s attack, and inflicted heavy casualties. According to one expert, this type of attack is typical of al-Shabaab’s tactics, which see the group launch an offensive during Ramadan every year. More generally, there has been an increase in these types of large-scale attacks in recent months, but the group has failed to capture territory.

International forces in Somalia have fought off an audacious attack on a heavily defended military base by hundreds of al-Shabaab militants.

The assault on Thursday is the latest in a series of high profile attacks by the Islamic extremists in the war-torn east African state and will fuel fears that the group, which is affiliated with al-Qaida, is gaining strength.

Both sides claim to have inflicted heavy casualties on their enemies during the battle at the base used by Ethiopian troops serving with the African Union (AU)’s Amisom force near the town of Halgan, 185 miles (300km) north-west of Mogadishu.

Al-Shabaab’s propaganda unit issued a statement claiming its fighters had stormed the base early in the morning after ramming a suicide car bomb into the entrance. It said the group had killed between 40 and 60 soldiers.

Residents said they heard a huge explosion at the base and a heavy exchange of gunfire shortly before dawn.

“Our fighters stormed the Halgan base of Amisom,” al-Shabaab’s military operations spokesman, Abdiasis Abu Musab, told Reuters. He also said 16 militants had been killed in the attack.

Lt Col Joe Kibet, an Amisom spokesman in Mogadishu, told the Guardian that the Ethiopian troops had successfully repelled the attack and, backed by local forces, had pursued their fleeing enemy.

“We ended the operation in the early afternoon. We killed quite a number of these people, upward of 120 and captured a lot of heavy weapons,” Kibet said.

No figure for Amisom casualties was immediately available, the spokesman said, but he dismissed al-Shabaab’s claims as “very exaggerated”.

Ahmed Soliman of the Chatham House thinktank in London said the attack in Halgan was part of a traditional offensive al-Shabaab launches every year during the holy month of Ramadan.

“This is part of the response we have seen over the last four years to al-Shabaab losing key towns and territory … It shows its ability to regroup in rural areas and strike into urban areas using a wide variety of tactics. It is very unlikely to be conclusively defeated by conventional military means,” he said.

Al-Shabaab is an offshoot of an earlier extremist organisation, the Islamic Courts Union. It succeeded in briefly controlling much of Mogadishu before withdrawing from the city in fierce fighting in 2011. It also lost control of the southern port city of Kismayo and has been unable to regain a foothold in Somalia’s towns since.

There has been a series of attacks in recent months that suggests a new offensive spirit, though not necessarily the capacity to take and hold terrain.

In January, al-Shabaab fighters overran a base manned by Kenyan Amisom troops in south-west Somalia. The extremists subsequently claimed to have killed 100 people and captured more. Kenyan authorities have refused to comment on any losses, which are believed to have been heavy.

Kibet said the new attack was evidence of al-Shabaab’s determination, but that it did not suggest any “increase in capacity”.

The 22,000 Amisom troops deployed in Somalia have been unable to strike a decisive blow against al-Shabaab. The force, which was set up in 2007 and draws troops from six African nations, has been hampered by a lack of air power, problems with liaison with the fledgling Somalia national army and deep factional rifts reflecting regional interests among participating nations.

Its units are scattered across much of the country and its supply lines are vulnerable to attack by highly mobile militant units. There have been reports too of corruption and racketeering. Earlier this week five Amisom soldiers were arrested for selling military supplies.

Al-Shabaab has also suffered recent setbacks. A number of top commanders have been killed in US drone and special forces attacks, and operations by Somalian troops. It has also been riven by a bitter dispute about strategy and allegiance, pitting its senior leadership against a faction of young fighters, many of foreign origin, who want the group to end its relationship with al-Qaida and affiliate itself with Islamic State instead.

One aim of the recent attacks on AU bases may be to acquire arms and ammunition. After the capture of the Kenyan base, al-Shabaab’s propaganda focused on its haul of weapons and equipment.

The group has also launched dozens of other attacks over the last six months, using a wide variety of tactics.

Last week 16 people were killed in Mogadishu in an assault on a hotel frequented by diplomats and members of the political elite. In February at least nine people were killed when al-Shabaab fighters set off a car bomb at the gate of a park in the capital, and in January an attack on a beachfront restaurant killed at least 17 people.

There was also an attempt to bring down a passenger jet departing from Mogadishu airport.

Al-Shabaab has also been behind deadly attacks in Kenya and Uganda. Both countries contribute troops to Amisom. The latest attack on Ethiopian forces is the first to target the nation and could presage a new wave of violence in the region.

Elections for a new government in Somalia are due to be held later this year.



