New auto application for second-life batteries from EVs
On the sidelines of the COP21 summit, Carwatt and its partners including Renault and the Paris City Council, are showing a converted Renault Trafic powered by second-life lithium-ion batteries recycled from Renault electric cars. When, over time, the batteries of a Renault electric vehicle begins to decline, (below around 75% of initial capacity), they can still provide valuable service in “second-life” applications before end-of-life disposal at a recycling centre. Carwatt uses these batteries to convert used, urban commercial vehicles into electric vehicles, providing a good illustration of the “circular economy” for batteries, in that the whole lifecycle of a battery can be optimised through successive uses.

It's a frequent question about electric cars: What happens to the battery packs after they reach the limit of their automotive life?

The usual answer is that they'll have a second life as energy storage in houses or for other stationary uses.

But what if that second life were in another vehicle?

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That's the suggestion of French startup Carwatt, which has build a prototype Renault Trafic delivery van repowered with used battery packs from Renault electric cars.

By far the highest-volume electric car built by the French carmaker that is Nissan's alliance partner is the Zoe, a subcompact five-door electric hatchback with a range roughly equivalent to that of the larger Nissan Leaf.

2013 Renault Zoe electric car

The converted Trafic van is on display this week at the COP21 climate summit being held in Paris, courtesy of Carwatt and its many partners.

They include carmaker Renault, the Paris City Council, BPI France, the Bobigny Business Campus, and the Alès École des Mines Engineering School.

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Batteries for electric cars are generally viewed as finished for automotive use when they reach around 75 percent of their original energy capacity, but it's long been expected that they'll hold value for secondary uses for many years after.

And while used commercial vans often live long lives, 94 percent of them are powered by diesel engines--meaning that electric conversions may have an outsize impact on total emissions and energy consumption.

French startup Carwatt converts Renault Trafic diesel van to electric power [Carwatt, Fabien Berger]

Carwatt is a startup company, founded this year, whose goal is to develop multiple second-life applications for electric-car batteries--both in stationary applications and further vehicular use.

Among its prototypes, as well as the electrified Trafic van, is a stationary energy-storage container with solar panels, developed in partnership with the nonprofit group Wazzaj.

MORE: What's Best For Old Electric-Car Batteries: Reuse Or Recycling? (Sep 2011)

Carwatt is housed at the Paris & Co business incubator (charmingly translated in the Renault press release as "business nursery").

Next year, the company and the Paris City Council will experiment with other Renault vehicles converted to run on electricity stored in used battery packs.

French startup Carwatt converts Renault Trafic diesel van to electric power [Carwatt, Fabien Berger]

The company has posted a number of videos documenting the conversion of the Trafic van to electric operation.

The first of the series of five episodes to date is embedded at the top of this article.

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