Study seeks to improve screening for falls in emergency departments
Classifying emergency department visits by the main health complaint as well as by diagnosis codes may help to identify falls, a study for the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society has found. The study, which took data from 23,880 visits by older adults to an emergency department between 2013 and 2015, found that diagnoses were often given that reflected the injury, rather than the cause of the injury. Falls are a factor often associated with morbidity, cost, and mortality, but are rarely screened consistently. The study found that by solely using diagnosis codes, falls were often missed.

When individuals visit the emergency department after falling, they may receive a diagnosis reflecting the injury sustained—such as fractures, contusions, etc.—without mention of how the injury came about. A new study found that classifying emergency department visits based not only on diagnosis codes but also chief complaint can help to identify falls.

The study included 23,880 visits of older adults to an academic medical center's emergency department between 2013 and 2015.

The findings are important because falls are associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and cost (over $19 billion annually in the United States), and screening for fall risk remains inconsistent.

"This study demonstrates the value of extracting text-based elements from the medical record for research. By using the patient's chief complaint, we were able to identify an important subset of patients who would be missed when looking only at diagnosis codes," said Dr. Brian Patterson, lead author of the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society study. "This type of analysis is especially useful in the emergency department, where we often are interested in grouping patients for studies based on presenting complaint, as opposed to a diagnosis assigned at the end of their stay."