Clean-energy tariff created for Facebook data centre
Virginia-based utility Dominion Energy has worked with Facebook to develop a renewable-energy tariff for the social media site's one-million sq ft, $750m data centre, to be built in Richmond. Dominion is set to file the tariff, called Schedule RF, with regulator the Virginia State Corporation Commission later this month. If approved, it could be adopted by firms including Amazon Web Services, Equinix and Digital Realty Trust, which also operate data centres in the state and have all pledged to use a 100% renewable energy supply.

At least some portion of electricity consumed by the future Facebook data center in Richmond, Virginia, will be offset by solar energy generated by plants the utility that serves the area is planning to build in the Commonwealth. Facebook will be buying the energy under a new renewable-energy tariff the social media company worked with the utility, Dominion Energy Virginia, to create.

While hyper-scale data center operators like Facebook, Alphabet, and Microsoft may be keen to power their massive computing facilities with renewable energy, it’s not a product that’s readily available from all energy providers in the US. Because matching energy supply with demand while ensuring their rates comply with regulations is a difficult balance utilities have to maintain, many of them have been resistant to adding a new product like renewable energy, which adds an extra layer of complexity in rate-setting to ensure extra costs a utility incurs doesn’t affect all its customers’ rates.

Related: How Renewable Energy is Changing the Data Center Market

This is why Google (now a subsidiary of Alphabet) spent years lobbying Duke Energy in North Carolina to adopt its renewable-energy tariff concept, where the utility sells renewable energy to customers that want it, while fully passing any additional costs to those specific customers. In 2015, Google became the first customer of Duke’s renewable-energy tariff.

Now, Facebook appears to have successfully lobbied Dominion to add a renewable-energy tariff to its product portfolio, which may have much wider implications for the data center industry than Google’s deal in North Carolina. About 130 miles north of Richmond, in Northern Virginia, is one of the largest and most active data center markets in the world. The largest data center operators there, including Amazon Web Services, Equinix, and Digital Realty Trust, have all pledged to power their infrastructure with 100 percent renewable energy, which means there are lots of potential future customers for Dominion’s new tariff besides Facebook.

First, however, state regulators have to approve the tariff, called Schedule RF. Dominion said it plans to file for approval with the Virginia State Corporation Commission this month. An approval, which is enjoying some strong political tailwind, is likely. Announcement of Facebook’s data center plans that came out of Virginia Governor Terry McAuliffe’s office highlights the project’s solar-energy aspect; Representative Donald McEachin and Senator Mark Warner also made statements praising Facebook’s renewable-energy plans for the future facility.

“Facebook’s partnership with Virginia and this significant investment in Henrico County are great news for the region,” U.S Senator Mark Warner said. “This not only is a validation of the Commonwealth’s position as a leader in the tech economy. It also supports our investments in building a modern fiber and renewable energy infrastructure to maintain Virginia’s competitive edge for additional job creation and investment.” "I am so pleased to see Facebook invest in our community, bringing more than 100 tech job opportunities for the hardworking people of the Commonwealth," said Congressman Donald McEachin. "Not only will Facebook bring more tech jobs to the 4th Congressional District, but this project will include solar panels to power this facility with 100 percent renewable energy. Virginia is once again an innovative leader in creating jobs and using renewable energy to power our community's bright future.”

One of the proposed tariff’s requirements is that new renewable-energy generation plants built to support it are located in Virginia. However, like in most other such cases, the solar farms Dominion is planning to construct will not be supplying energy directly to the Facebook data center. They will offset the facility’s consumption of energy from the local electrical grid.

It’s unclear what portion of the data center’s total energy consumption will come from these solar farms. Companies typically use a combination of renewable energy credits and in some cases on-site generation to get to 100-percent renewable goals for hyper-scale data centers.

Facebook’s data center campus in Richmond is expected to take up nearly 1 million square feet. The company plans to invest $750 million in the project directly.