Explain how a DNA molecule is arranged
Genes are made of a chemical called DNA, which is short for 'deoxyribonucleic acid'. The DNA molecule is a double helix: that is, two long, thin strands twisted around each other like a spiral staircase.The DNA double helix showing base pairs. The sides are sugar and phosphate molecules. The rungs are pairs of chemicals called 'nitrogenous bases', or 'bases' for short.There are four types of base: adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G) and cytosine (C). These bases link in a very specific way: A always pairs with T, and C always pairs with G. The DNA molecule has two important properties.he rungs are pairs of chemicals called 'nitrogenous bases', or 'bases' for short. There are four types of base: adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G) and cytosine (C). These bases link in a very specific way: A always pairs with T, and C always pairs with G. The DNA molecule has two important properties. Answer by Stevekim012. Confidence votes 16.0K. DNA is composed of many nucleic acids bound by covalent and hydrogen bond. The five carbon sugar(deoxyribose) attached to the phosphate group is joined to one another to form the sides of the DNA, forming a covalent bond of sugar-phosphate-sugar-phosphate etc.Also, one of 4 nitrogen bases of DNA are attached to the sugar, which is in turn attached to each other.The purines(double ringed base) which are A and G bond with the pyrimidines T and C respectively. The bonding between the two creates a hydrogen bond.nswer by Stevekim012. Confidence votes 16.0K. DNA is composed of many nucleic acids bound by covalent and hydrogen bond. The five carbon sugar(deoxyribose) attached to the phosphate group is joined to one another to form the sides of the DNA, forming a covalent bond of sugar-phosphate-sugar-phosphate etc. Each base is also attached to a sugar molecule and a phosphate molecule. Together, a base, sugar, and phosphate are called a nucleotide. Nucleotides are arranged in two long strands that form a spiral called a double helix.The structure of the double helix is somewhat like a ladder, with the base pairs forming the ladder’s rungs and the sugar and phosphate molecules forming the vertical sidepieces of the ladder.An important property of DNA is that it can replicate, or make copies of itself.he structure of the double helix is somewhat like a ladder, with the base pairs forming the ladder’s rungs and the sugar and phosphate molecules forming the vertical sidepieces of the ladder. An important property of DNA is that it can replicate, or make copies of itself. DNA is a double helix formed by base pairs attached to a sugar-phosphate backbone. DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms.Nearly every cell in a person’s body has the same DNA.he structure of the double helix is somewhat like a ladder, with the base pairs forming the ladder’s rungs and the sugar and phosphate molecules forming the vertical sidepieces of the ladder. An important property of DNA is that it can replicate, or make copies of itself. DNA structure. DNA is made up of molecules called nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group and a nitrogen base. The four types of nitrogen bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G) and cytosine (C).The order of these bases is what determines DNA's instructions, or genetic code.ach nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group and a nitrogen base. The four types of nitrogen bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G) and cytosine (C). The order of these bases is what determines DNA's instructions, or genetic code. Figure 1: A single nucleotide contains a nitrogenous base (red), a deoxyribose sugar molecule (gray), and a phosphate group attached to the 5' side of the sugar (indicated by light gray). Opposite to the 5' side of the sugar molecule is the 3' side (dark gray), which has a free hydroxyl group attached (not shown).Figure 2: The four nitrogenous bases that compose DNA nucleotides are shown in bright colors: adenine (A, green), thymine (T, red), cytosine (C, orange), and guanine (G, blue).his base-to-base bonding is not random; rather, each A in one strand always pairs with a T in the other strand, and each C always pairs with a G. The double-stranded DNA that results from this pattern of bonding looks much like a ladder with sugar-phosphate side supports and base-pair rungs. Also, one of 4 nitrogen bases of DNA are attached to the sugar, which is in turn attached to each other. The purines(double ringed base) which are A and G bond with the pyrimidines T and C respectively.The bonding between the two creates a hydrogen bond.lso, one of 4 nitrogen bases of DNA are attached to the sugar, which is in turn attached to each other. The purines(double ringed base) which are A and G bond with the pyrimidines T and C respectively. So, DNA is like a twisted ladder, where the sugar and phosphate are the rails, and the base pairs are the rungs. The rails run in opposite orientation to each other.The nucleotide rungs are complementary to each other.rwin Chargaff explain how he measured the levels of each of the four nitrogenous bases. I'm James Watson. I'm Francis Crick. In 1953, Francis and I published the first accurate model of the DNA molecule. This base-to-base bonding is not random; rather, each A in one strand always pairs with a T in the other strand, and each C always pairs with a G. The double-stranded DNA that results from this pattern of bonding looks much like a ladder with sugar-phosphate side supports and base-pair rungs.his base-to-base bonding is not random; rather, each A in one strand always pairs with a T in the other strand, and each C always pairs with a G. The double-stranded DNA that results from this pattern of bonding looks much like a ladder with sugar-phosphate side supports and base-pair rungs. Watson and Crick described the structure of a DNA molecule as a double helix, in which two strands of nucleotide sequences were wound around each other.atson and Crick described the structure of a DNA molecule as a double helix, in which two strands of nucleotide sequences were wound around each other.
Adenine(A),thymine(T),guanine(G) and cytosine (C).