_______________ is a movement disorder caused by brain damage at birth.
Disruption of any portion of this system can cause a person to produce movements that are too weak, too forceful, too uncoordinated, or too poorly controlled for the task at hand. Unwanted movements may occur at rest. Intentional movement may become impossible. Such conditions are called movement disorders. Causes of secondary dystonia include: 1  Abnormalities of brain function such as cerebral palsy. 2  Vascular malformations of the brain, in which a tangle of abnormal blood vessels form links between the arterial and venous systems. 3  Brain tumors.  Brainstem 1  lesions. Head injury. If a baby or child’s developmental process is noticeably slower than others of the same age, it may be a warning sign of a birth injury that caused permanent brain damage. Brain damage can occur when trauma to the head occurs or when the baby is deprived of oxygen (hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy). Sometimes these kinds of birth injuries are not noticed during infancy, but show up later in the form of developmental delays or learning disabilities. Childhood disorders or conditions that may cause abnormal movements include: 1  cerebral palsy. 2  choreoasthetosis. 3  encephalopathies. essential tremor.  inherited ataxias ( Friedreich's ataxia , Machado-Joseph disease, and spinocerebellar 1  ataxias) multiple sclerosis.  parkinsonism and juvenile Parkinson's disease. Disruption of any portion of this system can cause a person to produce movements that are too weak, too forceful, too uncoordinated, or too poorly controlled for the task at hand. Unwanted movements may occur at rest. Intentional movement may become impossible. Such conditions are called movement disorders. Cerebral Palsy (CP) disorder of movement and posture caused by damage to the motor control centers of the developing brain and can occur during pregnancy about (75%) or after birth up to about age 3. Most common permanent disorder of childhood involving four motor dysfunctions: spastic, dyskinetic, ataxic, and mixed. Coma. Hyperkinetic movements include: 1  Dystonia. Sustained muscle contractions, often causing twisting or repetitive movements and abnormal postures. 2  Tremor. Uncontrollable (involuntary) shaking of a body part. 3  Tics. Involuntary, rapid, nonrhythmic movement or sound.  Myoclonus. A sudden, shock-like muscle 1  contraction. Chorea. Some movement disorders, including Huntington's disease and inherited ataxias, are caused by inherited genetic defects. Some diseases that cause sustained muscle contraction limited to a particular muscle group (focal dystonia) are inherited, but others are caused by trauma. Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) or birth asphyxia, is a lack of oxygen in the baby’s blood (hypoxemia / hypoxia) and/or restricted blood supply (ischemia) to the brain tissue. When the baby’s delicate brain is deprived of oxygen for a period of time, the brain cells start to die. Hypokinetic movements include: 1  Bradykinesia. Slowness of movement. 2  Freezing. Inability to begin a movement or involuntary stopping of a movement before it is completed. 3  Rigidity. An increase in muscle tension when an arm or leg is moved by an outside force.  Postural instability.
Cerebral Palsy