7. how are dna, rna, and proteins related in the cell?
Chemical structure of a polypeptide macromolecule. A macromolecule is a very large molecule, such as protein, commonly created by polymerization of smaller subunits (monomers). They are typically composed of thousands of atoms or more. RNA encodes genetic information that can be translated into the amino acid sequence of proteins, as evidenced by the messenger RNA molecules present within every cell, and the RNA genomes of a large number of viruses. Macromolecule - Definition. 1  A molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially. 2  In many cases, especially for synthetic polymers, a molecule can be regarded. Because of the double-stranded nature of DNA, essentially all of the nucleotides take the form of Watson-Crick base pairs between nucleotides on the two complementary strands of the double-helix. In contrast, both RNA and proteins are normally single-stranded. The simple summary is that DNA makes RNA, and then RNA makes proteins. DNA, RNA and proteins all consist of a repeating structure of related building blocks (nucleotides in the case of DNA and RNA, amino acids in the case of proteins). In general, they are all unbranched polymers, and so can be represented in the form of a string. The cell membrane, or plasma membrane, is a biological membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm of a cell. In animals, the plasma membrane is the outer boundary of the cell, while in plants and prokaryotes it is usually covered by a cell wall. Cell (biology) The cell (from Latin cella, meaning small room) is the basic structural, functional, and biological unit of all known living organisms. A cell is the smallest unit of life that can replicate independently, and cells are often called the building blocks of life. Cell nucleus: A cell's information center, the cell nucleus is the most conspicuous organelle found in a eukaryotic cell. It houses the cell's chromosomes, and is the place where almost all DNA replication and RNA synthesis (transcription) occur. Plants, animals, fungi, slime moulds, protozoa, and algae are all eukaryotic. 1  These cells are about fifteen times wider than a typical prokaryote and can be as much as a thousand times greater in volume. The study of cells is called cell biology. Cells consist of cytoplasm enclosed within a membrane, which contains many biomolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids. Organisms can be classified as unicellular (consisting of a single cell; including bacteria) or multicellular (including plants and animals).
DNA makes RNA, and then RNA makes proteins. DNA, RNA and proteins all consist of a repeating structure of related building blocks.