_______ are specialized cells that conduct impulses through the nervous system.
Etymology: Gk, nerve. the basic nerve cell of the nervous system, containing a nucleus within a cell body and extending one or more processes. Neurons can be classified according to the direction in which they conduct impulses or according to the number of processes they extend. The neuron is the functional unit of the nervous system. Humans have about 100 billion neurons in their brain alone! While variable in size and shape, all neurons have three parts. Dendrites receive information from another cell and transmit the message to the cell body. View Full Document. Neuron - A specialized cell that conducts impulses through the nervous system. Dendrites – In a neuron, the branch-like extensions of the cell body that receive signals from other neurons. Synapse – The junction where the axon terminal of a sending neuron communicates with a receiving neuron across the synaptic cleft. efferent neuron, motoneuron, motor nerve fiber, motor neuron - a neuron conducting impulses outwards from the brain or spinal cord. afferent neuron, sensory neuron - a neuron conducting impulses inwards to the brain or spinal cord. axon, axone - long nerve fiber that conducts away from the cell body of the neuron. dendrite - short fiber that conducts toward the cell body of the neuron. Cell bodies are in the central nervous system (CNS) or ganglia. Ganglia are collections of nerve cell bodies. Cranial nerves in the PNS take impulses to and from the brain (CNS). Spinal nerves take impulses to and away from the spinal cord. The NeuronThe cells that carry information through your nervous system are called neurons, or nerve cells. The message that a neuron carries is called a nerve impulse.   …The Structure of a Neuron:The structure of the neuron enables it to carry nerve impulses. Motor neurons have a long axon and short dendrites and transmit messages from the central nervous system to the muscles (or to glands). Interneurons are found only in the central nervous system where they connect neuron to neuron. Structure of a neuron and the direction of nerve message transmission. neuron - a cell that is specialized to conduct nerve impulses. nerve cell. gangliocyte, ganglion cell - a nerve cell whose body is outside the central nervous system; damage to ganglion cells in the retina may play a role in the development of glaucoma. a highly specialized cell of the nervous system, having two characteristic properties: irritability (ability to be stimulated) and conductivity (ability to conduct impulses). Describe how impulses are sent through the nervous system?  Nerve impulses received at the neuronal dendrites  and are carried along the axon to the terminal branches. At the end  of the branches there is a synapse. Chemical or el…ectrical impulses  cross the gap and go to the dendrites of surrounding cells.
Neuron.