antioxidants definition biology
E, tocopherol, vitamin E-a fat-soluble vitamin that is essential for normal reproduction; an important antioxidant that neutralizes free radicals in the body. ascorbic acid, vitamin C, C-a vitamin found in fresh fruits (especially citrus fruits) and vegetables; prevents scurvy. Translations. Numerous studies have demonstrated a role for free radicals in the aging process and thus tentatively support the free radical theory of aging. Studies have shown a significant increase in superoxide radical (SOR) formation and lipid peroxidation in aging rats. The free radical theory of aging (FRTA) states that organisms age because cells accumulate free radical damage over time. A free radical is any atom or molecule that has a single unpaired electron in an outer shell. While a few free radicals such as melanin are not chemically reactive, most biologically-relevant free radicals are highly reactive. Abstract. “Oxidative stress” as a concept in redox biology and medicine has been formulated in 1985; at the beginning of 2015, approx. 138,000 PubMed entries show for this term. by Gross, Paul / Nutraceuticals World. Another study report, Dietary Intake of. and Risk of Age-Related Macular Degeneration, was published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (December 28, 2005). Eating a variety of colorful fruits and vegetables may protect ... antioxidant. n. 1. (Elements & Compounds) any substance that retards deterioration by oxidation, esp of fats, oils, foods, petroleum products, or rubber. 2. (Biology) biology a substance, such as vitamin C, vitamin E, or beta carotene, that counteracts the damaging effects of oxidation in a living organism. A book ‘Antioxidant and Redox Regulation of Genes’ highlighted that development at an early stage [4] . Since then, an overwhelming and fascinating area of research has flourished, under the name of Redox Biology [5] and [6] . For most biological structures, free radical damage is closely associated with oxidative damage. Antioxidants are reducing agents, and limit oxidative damage to biological structures by passivating them from free radicals. This has led to the hypothesis that large amounts of antioxidants, with their ability to decrease the numbers of free radicals, might lessen the radical damage causing chronic diseases, and even radical damage responsible for aging. Introduction. The concept of oxidative stress has been introduced for research in redox biology and medicine in 1985, now 30 years ago, in an introductory chapter 1 in a book entitled ‘Oxidative Stress’ [2] .
Any substance that retards deterioration by oxidation, esp of fats, oils, foods, petroleum products, or rubber.