_______ is a fuel produced by fermenting crops
A biofuel is a fuel that is produced through contemporary biological processes, such as agriculture and anaerobic digestion, rather than a fuel produced by geological processes such as those involved in the formation of fossil fuels, such as coal and petroleum, from prehistoric biological matter. Reading for Week 1. Before coming to lab for the first week of this lab exercise. you should read the following introduction to biofuel production. and review the basic experimental methodology. Biofuel refers most commonly to ethanol which is. produced through the fermentation of carbohydrates by yeast. cells. Fermentation is an energy-yielding process that cells carry. out in the absence of oxygen. Although fermentation does not. provide much usable energy for the cell, it is sufficient for yeast. Bioethanol is an alcohol made by fermentation, mostly from carbohydrates produced in sugar or starch crops such as corn, sugarcane, or sweet sorghum. Cellulosic biomass, derived from non-food sources, such as trees and grasses, is also being developed as a feedstock for ethanol production. The principle fuel used as a petrol substitute for road transport vehicles is bioethanol. Bioethanol fuel is mainly produced by the sugar fermentation process, although it can also be manufactured by the chemical process of reacting ethylene with steam. The main sources of sugar required to produce ethanol come from fuel or energy crops. There are ethical issues surrounding the use of biofuels. For example, crops that could be used to feed people are used to provide the raw materials for biofuels instead. This could cause food shortages or increases in the price of food. C2H5OH(l) + 3O2(g) ---> 2CO2(g) + 3H2O(g) This makes it a clean and efficient fuel. As it is mainly produced by the fermentation of plant matter such as sugar cane or corn, more crops can be grown to produce a larger amount of ethanol and accommodate for a renewable fuel source. The need to divert food crops to fuel production also. concerns many people. A bushel of corn (approx. 56 lbs) can yield approximately 2.5 gallons of. ethanol, and at a corn yield of 125 bushels per acre (Shapouri, et al., 1995), an acre of farmland. would yield enough corn for 310 gallons of ethanol. Petrol, diesel and other fuels produced from crude oil make a range of harmful substances when they are burned, including: 1  carbon dioxide. 2  carbon monoxide. 3  water vapour.  particulates (solid 1  particles) sulfur dioxide.  oxides of nitrogen or NOx. Ethanol, C2H5OH, is not a hydrocarbon because it contains oxygen as well as hydrogen and carbon. However, it is a liquid fuel that burns well. Bioethanol is made by fermenting sugars from sugar cane, wheat and other plants. It cannot be used on its own unless the engine is modified. Industrial production of ethanol from sugar cane. Ethanol can be produced by fermenting sugars in soluble forms like sucrose and molasses from sugar cane as well as fructose from plants like corn plants. Cellulose first needs to be hydrolysed into glucose. Yeast, the enzyme ferments the sugars. Xylose cannot be fermented by yeast so E.Coli is used as it can.
Bioethanol