_____ discovered significant differences between organisms originally categorized under the monera kingdom; thus, these organisms were placed into two separate domains
Two other terms are related to taxonomy, namely systematics and classification; their exact relationship to taxonomy also varies from source to source because the usage of the three terms in biology originated independently. As points of reference, recent definitions of taxonomy are presented below: One of the earliest kingdoms to be divided out were those organisms that lacked a nucleus or organelles in their cells...the prokaryotic organisms. Kingdom Monera was the result, and it contained all the bacteria and related organisms of the prokaryotic type. So now there were three kingdoms. However, in 1977, Carl Woese, a microbiologist and physicist discovered significant differences between some of the prokaryotes. These differences were so significant that the prokaryotes were separated into two separate domains: Archaea and Bacteria, and hence two kingdoms: Archaea and Eubacteria. There are many ways that the organisms might be classified. Humans have traditionally grouped organisms into some major groupings and then subgroupings within each group. Humans love hierarchy, and so we naturally understand how to organize a complex mixture of organisms into groupings. Systematics: The study of the identification, taxonomy and nomenclature of organisms, including the classification of living things with regard to their natural relationships and the study of variation and the evolution of taxa. For other uses, see Scientific classification (disambiguation). Taxonomy (from Ancient Greek: τάξις taxis, arrangement, and -νομία -nomia, method) is the science of defining groups of biological organisms on the basis of shared characteristics and giving names to those groups. This classification process could have placed the organisms into categories of usefulness...for example: those that provide food, those that provide fuel, those that provide clothing, those that perform work, those that provide pleasure, etc. Some texts still refer to the Archaea kingdom as the Archaebacteria kingdom; however, this term has recently been abandoned because they are not bacteria; they are archaea. What makes these two groups of organisms so different is their genetic make-up, primarily the gene sequences of ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Archaea and Bacteria Domains. The Archaea and Bacteria domains encompass relatives of the oldest organisms on Earth. They are highly diverse because of all the time they have had to evolve and differentiate. These organisms are everywhere. They are on everything you touch and ingest. The Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus is regarded as the father of taxonomy, as he developed a system known as Linnaean classification for categorization of organisms and binomial nomenclature for naming organisms.
Carl Woese