Pee Dee River

The Pee Dee River, also known as the Great Pee Dee River, is a river in the U.S. states of North Carolina and South Carolina. It originates in the Appalachian Mountains in North Carolina, where its upper course, above the mouth of the Uwharrie River, is known as the Yadkin River.  It is extensively dammed for flood control and hydroelectric power. The lower part of the river is named Pee Dee (in colonial times written Pedee) after the Pee Dee Indian Tribe.  The Pee Dee region of South Carolina, composed of the northeastern counties of the state, was also named after the tribe. In fact, today the Pee Dee Indian Tribe still occupies some of their ancestral lands, although the tribe only consists of just over 200 enrolled members. The first Europeans believed to have navigated part of the river was a party sent by Lucas Vázquez de Ayllón in 1521. They named it "River of St. John the Baptist."

Navigable up to the Fall Line at Cheraw, the river was an important trade route through the Low Country from colonial times. The largest lumber company in the world existed at the turn of the 20th century near the river's mouth at Georgetown. The virgin pine forests of the Pee Dee region were cut over, and the logs floated in rafts downriver to be sawn into lumber and exported to the northern United States and Europe.

The lower part of the river flood plain was extensively developed for rice culture in colonial time; rice was the major export of the area from the port at Georgetown.  Rice culture declined with the freedom of slave labor after the Civil War, and increased overseas competition.  Two hurricanes at the beginning of the 20th century destroyed much of the rice canal infrastructure and effectively ended the remnants of rice culture.

Today the river is not extensively used for navigation. It is an important source of electric power and public water supplies, as well as recreational use.  While the Pee Dee is free-flowing in South Carolina, upstream in North Carolina, several dams have been constructed on it.  The opening and closing of these dams causes dramatic swings in the depth of the river in South Carolina.  The sharing of water between the two states has sometimes been a matter of controversy, particularly during period of drought.  Some commercial fishing is done during the winter shad run, and for shrimp in the lower reaches.  The river is excellent for recreational fishing and boating.  There are numerous boat landings, yet most of the river is wild, with forests of tupelo, oak and gum along its shores. Herons and alligators can be seen along the way, and a lucky sighting of a bald eagle is possible.

The lower part of the river from Highway 378 to Winyah Bay has been designated a Scenic River. 

Some tributaries are the Lumber, the Little Pee Dee, Lynches, Black and Waccamaw rivers. The river empties into Winyah Bay, and then into the Atlantic Ocean near Georgetown.

Snow's Island is a large island at the junction of the Pee Dee and Lynches rivers. This was the headquarters of General Francis Marion for several months during the American Revolution. It proved a safe haven for him and his militia troops, as the British were unable to find the camp until it was abandoned. (It has been identified as the center of Johnsonville Impact Crater).

See also
List of North Carolina rivers
List of South Carolina rivers
Yadkin River
Yadkin-Pee Dee River Basin
 South Atlantic-Gulf Water Resource Region

References

Category:Rivers of North Carolina
Category:Rivers of South Carolina
Category:Bodies of water of Chesterfield County, South Carolina
Category:Bodies of water of Marlboro County, South Carolina
Category:Bodies of water of Anson County, North Carolina
Category:Bodies of water of Richmond County, North Carolina
Category:Bodies of water of Montgomery County, North Carolina
Category:Bodies of water of Stanly County, North Carolina
Category:Yadkin-Pee Dee River Basin