Q:

Why do neurons die so fast without oxygen and nutrients?

Some human tissue can survive without oxygen a couple of minutes, even hours. 
Why are the neurons are so "weak" and depends so much on oxygen and other nutrients and cannot live without them for more than a few seconds or 1 or 2 minutes?
Are they missing some parts of their cells which can store nutrients for worse times in favor of their function or what is the case?

A:

Neurons use lot of energy to maintain their polarized state, this is not required to other cells [1,2].
When O2 or blood flow (which is carrying the nutrients) is reduced, the neuronal ATP levels breaks down very fast, with 90% ATP depleted in less than 5 minutes. Without ATP, the neuron can not maintain the correct ion flux, so depolarization occurs causing glutamate excitotoxicity, cell swelling and finally cell death.
1] http://www.acnp.org/g4/gn401000064/ch064.html
2] http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=why-does-the-brain-need-s

