Inhibition of nitrification in soil by metal diethyldithiocarbamates.
Nitrification acts as a key process in determining fertilizer use efficiency by crops as well as nitrogen losses from soils. Metal dithiocarbamates in addition to their pesticidal properties can also inhibit biological oxidation of ammonium(nitrification) in soil. Metal [M = V(III), Cr(III), Mn(II), Fe(III), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Co(II)] diethyldithiocarbamates (DEDTC) were synthesized by the reaction of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate with metal chloride in dichloromethane/water mixture. These metal diethyldithiocarbamates were screened for their ability to inhibit nitrification at different concentrations( 10 microg/g soil, 50 microg/g soil and 100 microg/g soil). With increasing concentration of the complex, capacity to retard nitrification increased but the extent of increase varied for different metals. At 100 microg/g soil, different complexes showed nitrification inhibition from 22.36% to 46.45% . Among the diethyldithiocarbamates tested, Zn(DEDTC)2 proved to be the most effective nitrification inhibitor at 100 microg/g soil. Manganese, iron and chromium diethyldithiocarbamates also proved to be effective nitrification inhibitors than the others at 100 microg/g soil. The order of percent nitrification inhibition in soil by metal diethyldithiocarbamates was: Zn(II) > Mn(II) > Fe(III) > Cr(III) > V(III) > Co(II) > Ni(II) > Cu(II).