Ügyességi játékok programozásaPythonnal és Pygame-mel

One of the first games I ever played was a text adventure called
Colossal Cave Adventure.
You can play the game on-line here
to get an idea what text adventure games are like. Arguably the most
famous of this genre of game is the Zork series.

The first “large” program I created myself was a text adventure. It is easy
to start an adventure like this. It is also a great way to practice using lists.
Our game for this lab will involve a list of rooms that can be navigated by
going north, east, south, or west. Each room will be a list with the room
description, and then what rooms are in each of the directions. See the section
below for a sample run:

You are in a dusty castle room.
Passages lead to the north and south.
What direction? n
You are in the armory.
There is a room off to the south.
What direction? s
You are in a dusty castle room.
Passages lead to the north and south.
What direction? s
You are in a torch-lit hallway.
There are rooms to the east and west.
What direction? e
You are in a bedroom. A window overlooks the castle courtyard.
A hallway is to the west.
What direction? w
You are in a torch-lit hallway.
There are rooms to the east and west.
What direction? w
You are in the kitchen. It looks like a roast is being made for supper.
A hallway is to the east.
What direction? w
Can't go that way.
You are in the kitchen. It looks like a roast is being made for supper.
A hallway is to the east.
What direction?

Create a variable called room. Set it equal to an array with five
elements. For the first element, create a string with a description of your first
room. The last four elements will be the number of the next room if the user goes
north, east, south, or west. Look at your sketch to see what numbers to use.
Use None if no room hooks up in that direction. (Do
not put None in quotes. Also, remember that Python is case sensitive
so none won't work either.
The keyword None is a special value that represents “nothing.”
Because sometimes you need a value, other than zero, that represents )

Append this room to the room list.

Repeat the prior two steps for each room you want to create. Just re-use
the room variable.

Create a variable called current_room. Set it to zero.

Print the room_list variable. Run the program.
You should see a really long list of every room in your adventure. (If you are
using an IDE like Wing, don't leave it scrolled way off to the right.)

Adjust your print statement to only print the first room (element zero)
in the list. Run the program and confirm you get output similar to:

['You are in a room. There is a passage to the north.', 1, None, None, None]

Using current_room and room_list, print the current
room the user is in. Since your first room is zero, the output should be the
same as before.

Change the print statement so that you only print the description of the
room, and not the rooms that hook up to it. Remember if you are printing a list
in a list the index goes after the first index. Don't do
this: [current_room[0]], do [current_room][0]

You are in a room. There is a passage to the north.

Create a variable called done and set it to False. Then put the
printing of the room description in a while loop that repeats until
done is set to True.

Before printing the description, add a code to print a blank line. This
will make it visually separate each turn when playing the game.

After printing the room description, add a line of code that asks the user
what they want to do.

Add an if statement to see if the user wants to go north.

If the user wants to go north, create a variable called next_room and
get it equal to room_list[current_room][1], which should be the number
for what room is to the north.

Add another if statement to see if the next room is equal to
None. If it is, print “You can't go that way.” Otherwise
set current_room equal to next_room.

Test your program. Can you go north to a new room?

Add elif statements to handle east, south, and west. Add an
else statement to let the user know the program doesn't understand what
she typed.

It is a great idea to put blank lines between the code that handles
each direction. I don't mean to print a blank line, but actually have blank
lines in the code. That way you visually group the code into sections.

It is a great idea to add comments too, to each section.

Test your program. Make sure you have enough of a description that someone
running the program will no what direction to go. Don't say "You are in the
kitchen." Instead say "You are in the kitchen. There is a door to the north."

Optional: Add a quit command. Make sure that the program works for upper and
lower case directions. Have the program work if the user types in “north” or
“n”.

Spend a little time to make this game interesting. Don't simply create an
“East room” and a “West room.” That's boring.

Also spend a little time to double check spelling and grammar. Without
a word processor checking your writing, it is important to be careful.

Use \n to add carriage returns in your descriptions so they don't print all
on one line. Don't put spaces around the \n, or the spaces will print.

What I like about this program is how easy it is to expand into a full game.
Using all eight cardinal directions (including “NorthWest”), along with
“up” and “down” is rather easy. Managing an inventory of objects that can
exist in rooms, be picked up, and dropped is also a matter of keeping lists.

Expanding this program into a full game is one of the two options for the
final lab in this course.