[Frontiers in vitamin D; basic research and clinical application. Vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency and sufficiency].
In November 2010, IOM (Institute of Medicine) of USA issued a report on DRI (Dietary Reference Intakes) for calcium and vitamin D, which challenged then widespread view among many in US that vitamin D sufficiency is defined by serum 25 (OH) D level more than 30 ng/mL. The IOM report concluded serum 25 (OH) D level of 20 ng/mL would be sufficient for 97.5% of general healthy population, and recommended vitamin D intake much lower than that had been believed among many experts. After much discussion, disputes, in July 2011, American Endocrine Society issued a guideline for Vitamin D deficiency, which contrasted to IOM report in many aspects. In this article, differences between those two guidelines are reviewed and current issues surrounding vitamin D deficiency/sufficiency are discussed.