Mouse plagues in Australia

Mouse plagues in Australia have occurred several times throughout parts of Australia since wild mice were introduced by European colonists along with the First Fleet in 1788. Australia and China are the two countries in the world where plagues of mice are known to occur.

Mouse plagues occur in southern and eastern Australia usually in the grain-growing regions around every four years. Aggregating around food sources during plagues, the density of mice can reach up to 3,000 mice per hectare.

An early localised plague of mice occurred around Walgett in New South Wales in 1871. In 1872 another plague was recorded near Saddleworth in South Australia with farmers ploughing the soil to destroy mice nests.

In 1880 a plague of mice was noted along an area of the Goulburn River.

South Australia experienced another plague in 1890 in the Mid North region in areas around Oladdie, Mundoora and Georgetown.

In 1904 further plagues occurred in parts of New South Wales including Condobolin and other parts of the Lachlan River and around Moree, New South Wales extending all the way to coastal areas.

The plague of 1917 was one of the largest mouse plagues in Australia that occurred on and around the Darling Downs area of Queensland, areas around Beulah, Campbells Creek and Willenabrina in Victoria and parts of South Australia including Balaklava Eventually mice reached the Goldfields-Esperance and Wheatbelt regions of Western Australia.

Plagues of mice have been occurring ever since with increasing frequency.

More incidences of plagues occurred in 1918 in parts of Victoria and New South Wales. In 1922 areas around Dubbo, New South Wales and Tamworth in New South Wales were hit again followed by more plagues through the Riverina in 1925.

Mice struck again in 1928 in parts of Queensland around Warwick

Further plagues occurred around Wimmera in Victoria, Loxton in South Australia and Winton in Queensland in 1931 and more recorded in parts of New South Wales in 1932 including Culgoa and Parkes. The next plague hit areas around Warracknabeal and Hopetoun in Victoria but was less intense than the 1932 plagues.

In 1952 parts of Victoria and South Australia were struck by mouse plagues.

Areas in New South Wales and Queensland were hit by mouse plagues in 1955.
In 1956 parts of the Eyre Peninsula in South Australia experienced the worst mouse plague the area had known.

Parts of outback New South Wales around Bourke were hit by plagues of mice in 1967.

In 1972 parts of Queensland were hit by mouse plagues as were parts of Victoria and New South Wales in 1975.

A plague in Victoria in 1979 cost farmers 15 million in lost crops and damaged machinery. the plagues continued into 1980.

Australia's worst ever mouse plague occurred in 1993 and caused an estimated 96 million worth of damage to crops and attacked livestock in piggeries and poultry farms. They also destroyed rubber and electrical insulation, damaged farm vehicles, and ruined cars and buildings.

Another plague occurred in 1994 affecting parts of New South Wales, the Australian Capital Territory South Australia and northern Victoria.

Mouse numbers built to plague numbers in early 2011 in southern Queensland, through New South Wales, western Victoria and South Australia spreading to the Nullarbor Plain region of Western Australia in late 2011.

See also
 Rabbit plagues in Australia
 Mautam, rat plague in India

References

Category:Mice
Category:Population ecology
Category:Invasive mammal species
Category:Feral animals
Category:Environmental issues in Australia