Governorate of New Andalusia

New Andalusia Governorate (, ; 1534−1542) was one of the colonial governorates of the Spanish Empire, located in southern South America.

History
The governorate was created as one of King Charles V's grants of 1534, establishing the adelantado Pedro de Mendoza as its first governor, captain general, and chief justice. The territory was described as extending 200 leagues down the Pacific coast from Diego de Almagro's grant of New Toledo, but was understood to involve the exploration, pacification, and settlement of the Río de la Plata along the Atlantic.

While in theory the Governorate of New Andalusia included all of present-day Uruguay and Paraguay and large segments of Chile, Argentina and Brazil, the adelantados were only able to effectively colonize the Paraná River, losing other territories to subsequent grants.

Disestablishment
After the establishment of the Viceroyalty of Peru in 1542, the Governorate of New Andalusia was replaced by the Governorate of the Río de la Plata, under the supervision of the Real Audiencia of Lima.

See also
Colonial Argentina
Governorate of New Andalusia (1501–13) — in the colonial Venezuela region.
New Andalusia Province, or Province of Cumaná (1537–1864) — in the colonial Venezuela region.

Category:Governorates of the Spanish Empire
Category:Former colonies in South America
Category:Former Spanish colonies
Category:Former political divisions related to Argentina
Category:Spanish colonization of the Americas
Category:Colonial Argentina
Category:Colonial Brazil
Category:Captaincy General of Chile
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Category:Colonial Peru
Category:Colonial Uruguay
Category:1530s in South America
Category:1540s in South America
Category:States and territories established in 1534
Category:1534 establishments in South America
Category:1534 establishments in the Spanish Empire
Category:States and territories disestablished in 1549
Category:1549 disestablishments in South America
Category:1549 disestablishments in the Spanish Empire
Category:History of South America