Q:

Why can i start some apps from windows cmd and run, even though there are no path variables for them?

So I know about the PATH variable, but it's not there. Why can I type "notepad++" in cmd and it will work and how can make other apps work like this? 
The question is not HOW to start it via win+r run, but WHY can I start it right after installation without putting notepad++ directory to path variable.
EDIT1:
Added screenshots for path variables
Current user:

System:

EDIT2:
cmd echo %path%
C:\ProgramData\Oracle\Java\javapath;C:\Program Files (x86)\Embarcadero\Studio\20.0\bin;C:\Users\Public\Documents\Embarcadero\Studio\20.0\Bpl;C:\Program Files (x86)\Embarcadero\Studio\20.0\bin64;C:\Users\Public\Documents\Embarcadero\Studio\20.0\Bpl\Win64;C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\Oracle\Java\javapath;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;C:\Windows\System32\OpenSSH\;C:\Program Files\dotnet\;C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\130\Tools\Binn\;C:\Program Files\nodejs\;C:\Program Files\Git\cmd;C:\Program Files (x86)\GitExtensions\;C:\Program Files\php-7.3.4-Win32-VC15-x64;C:\xampp\php;C:\ProgramData\ComposerSetup\bin;C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Shell 8.0\bin\;C:\Users\deadman\AppData\Roaming\Composer\vendor\bin

A:

Mose likely because some apps and programs add their paths to registry.
Here you can find more about searching order for starting apps via cmd or win+r.
These paths are stored in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\App Paths
Here you can find more about application registration on Microsoft docs.

