June 30 (June 20 Julian Calendar, Wednesday), Britain: Lord Cecil Calvert, second Baron Baltimore, is granted at Greenwich a charter for establishing a proprietary colony on Chesapeake Bay between Pennsylvania and Virginia in the New World by King Charles I of England (it specifies all unsettled lands north of the Potomac River on both sides of the Chesapeake Bay, so as to avoid conflicts with settlers from Virginia Colony; the Lord Proprietor is also to furnish one fifth of any gold or silver in the colony, and provide two arrows a year from local tribesmen to the Royal Castle at Windsor every Easter). Enjoying the rights of a palatinate (descendant rights nearly equal to an independent state, including rights to wage war, collect taxes, and establish a colonial nobility), Lord Baltimore gathers members, mostly Catholic, for the new colony, to be named Maryland after the reigning Queen Consort Henrietta Maria de Bourbon of England (age 23). On the same day, King Charles also issues a proclamation to the Gentry to keep to their residents in the country and not move residence to London, Winchester, or the adjoining towns.

July 13 (July 3 Julian Calendar, Wednesday), Britain: In London, King Charles's Privy Council meets one last time on the matter of the Maryland Charter, and finally sides with Lord Cecil Calvert, second Baron Baltimore, ordering “that the Lord Baltimore should be left to his patent, and the other parties to the course of law, according to their desires. But for the preventing of further questions and differences, their Lordships did also think fit and order that, things standing as they do, the planters on either side shall have free traffic and commerce each with the other, and that neither party shall receive fugitive persons belonging to the other, nor do any act which may draw on a war from the natives upon either of them: and lastly that they shall sincerely entertain all good correspondence and assist each other in all occasions in such manner as becometh fellow subjects and members of the same state.” When news of this grant arrives in Virginia colony, the colonists there become angry at having to be neighbors with English Catholics; William Claiborne, with his own settlement in the northern Chesapeake Bay, prepares to do what he can to thwart the colony. Because of the anticipated opposition to this arrangement, Lord Baltimore decides to stay behind in London and support his colony in the Royal Court, sending his brother Leonard Calvert instead to serve as his governor (his youngest brother George Calvert likewise is sent to help with affairs in the new colony).

September 25 (September 15 Julian Calendar, Sunday), Lord Proprietor Cecil Calvert, second Baron Baltimore (age 28), writes instructions to his brother and appointive Colonial Governor Leonard Calvert (age 27), their younger brother George Calvert, and commissioners Thomas Cornwallis and Jerome Hawley, while the ship “Ark of London” (under master Richard Lowe) and pinnace “Dove” (under commander Captain Robert Wintour and master Captain Richard Orchard) are being fitted for the voyage in London. These instructions declare that the new Maryland colony should not be for Catholics alone, but should be open for anyone to freely worship as they believe.
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From "The History of Maryland" by John Leeds Bozman (1837):

In most of the early public acts of the province, Leonard Calvert is commonly styled "his lordship's lieutenant-general," but as the term governor is a word of the same import and sometimes used in some of the old records of the province, and is also of more modern usage, and therefore more intelligible, it is here (in Bozman's book) adopted. The term "lieutenant-general," as thus used in the early colonization of the province, was probably adopted from that applied to the King's viceroy or governor of Ireland, who was at this period so termed (Lord Lieutenant of Ireland).

October 25 (October 15 Julian Calendar, Tuesday), Britain: The ships “Ark of London” (manned by 40 men under master Richard Lowe) and “Dove” (manned by six men under commander Captain Robert Wintour and master Captain Richard Orchard), both owned by Cecil Calvert, second Baron Baltimore and Lord Proprietor of the proposed Maryland Colony, are fitted out for their journey to the New World at Blackwall. The ships are allowed to drift down the Thames River to Gravesend, where Governor Leonard Calvert orders the ships to load stores (including winter and summer clothing, cannons, knives, rifles, non-perishable food, plants and seeds, and casks of water and beer), and 128 passengers before sailing to the Isle of Wight. Believing that the ships had set sail for the New World already, Secretary of State Sir John Coke issues an urgent dispatch to Admiral John Pennington, ordering the ships intercepted and brought back to Tilbury Hope (across from Gravesend) so that those aboard can be administered their oath to the Crown, as per the original agreement between their Lord Proprietor and King Charles I of England, Scotland, and Ireland.

October 29 (October 19 Julian Calendar, Saturday), English government agents administer the oath of allegiance to the Crown to all the 128 passengers and 40 crewmen who are aboard the ship “Ark of London” and the 8 crewmembers aboard the pinnace “Dove” at the port of Tilbury Hope (across from Gravesend).

October 30 (October 20 Julian Calendar, Sunday), after having been certified as having all members aboard given the oath of allegiance to the Crown, Secretary of State Sir John Coke gives his permission for the ships “Ark of London” (under master Richard Lowe) and “Dove” (under voyage commander Captain Robert Wintour and pinnace master Captain Richard Orchard) to leave England “provided there be no other person or persons aboard the said ship or pinnace but such as have or shall have taken the oath of allegiance as aforesaid.” The ships sail for Cowes on the Isle of Wight, where they are to wait for a month further passengers and supplies. (The original intent of the sailing to take place in late fall was to time their landing so that homes could be built before the spring planting; the coming delay at the Isle of Wight would rush this schedule.)